2004 Annual Report 1.What major problem or issue is being resolved and how are you resolving it (summarize project aims and objectives)? How serious is the problem? What does it matter? Research conducted under this CRIS will. 1)determine the ability of soluble fiber from barley and barley fractions to improve glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity in acute and chronic studies of normal-weight and overweight adults, and individuals with the metabolic syndrome;. 2)assess the ability of barley and barley fractions to improve risk factors for cardiovascular disease in chronic studies of normal-weight and overweight/obese adults; and. 3)test the effectiveness of foods high in soluble fiber, including barley, in inducing and maintaining weight-loss in weight-reduced subjects. Consumption of soluble fiber improves risk factors for obesity, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, most research on soluble fiber has focused on oats. Although barley is an excellent soluble fiber source, it has not been systematically investigated for health benefits and is rarely consumed in the U.S. diet. Heart disease has been noted as the leading cause of death in the U.S. and Europe. The incidence of type 2 diabetes has tripled over the past 30 years, with over 17 million in the U.S. classified as type 2 diabetics, with an additional 16 million people at increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is the fifth deadliest disease in the U.S. with heart disease the leading cause of death among diabetics. The research examines the potential of beneficially changing risk factors through dietary changes in the type and amount of dietary fiber. This work is relevant to health care providers, nutritionists and scientists and will impact the general population of the United States. 2.List the milestones (indicators of progress) from your Project Plan. Study 1: Prowashonupana barley extract acute tolerance study: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. . 7) Manuscript preparation. Study 2: Acute tolerance study of barley products and extracts: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. . 7) Manuscript preparation. Study 3: Chronic barley consumption by individuals: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. . 7) Manuscript preparation. Study 4: Chronic barley consumption with weight loss: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. . 7) Manuscript preparation. Study 5: Weight maintenance and fiber intake: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. . 7) Manuscript preparation. 3.Milestones: A. List the milestones that were scheduled to be addresed in FY 2004. How many milestones did you fully or substantially met in FY 2004 and indicate which ones were not fully or substantially met, briefly explain why not, and your plans to do so. Study 1: Prowashonupana barley extract acute tolerance study: Milestones . 1) Human study proposal preparation. . 2) Institutional Review Board approval for the human study. . 3) Subject recruitment and screening. . 4) Data Collection. . 5) Sample analysis. . 6) Data analysis and evaluation. Milestones 1-5 are completed. Milestone 6 is not complete but is in process. Analyses were delayed due to the move. B. List the milestones that you expect to address over the next 3 years (FY 2005, 2006 &2007). What do you expect to accomplish, year by year, over the next 3 years under each milestone? FY 2005 Study 1: Prowashonupana barley extract acute tolerance study: Milestone 7, Preparation of manuscripts, will be completed. Study 2: Acute tolerance study of barley products and extracts: Milestones 1-4, approval for the study and collection of samples and data from barley products will be completed. Study 3: Chronic barley consumption by individuals: Milestones 1 and 2, planning for the long term study and Institutional Review Board approval will be completed. FY 2006 Study 2: Acute tolerance study of barley products and extracts: Milestones 5 and 6, Sample analysis, data analysis will be completed. Study 3: Chronic barley consumption by individuals: Milestones 3-5, subject recruitment, screening, sample collection and analysis will be completed. Study 4: Chronic barley consumption with weight loss: Milestones 1 and 2, planning for the long-term study and Institutional Review Board approval will be completed. FY 2007 Study 2: Acute tolerance study of barley products and extracts: Milestones 7, Preparation of manuscripts, will be completed. Study 3: Chronic barley consumption by individuals: Milestones 6-7, Data analysis, evaluation and preparation of material for publication from the will be completed. Study 4: Chronic barley consumption with weight loss: Milestones 3, Subject recruitment, and screening will be completed and Milestone 5, sample collection will be initiated. 4.What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? A. Single most significant accomplishment during FY 2004. Nothing to report. B. Other significant accomplishments. Nothing to report. C. Accomplishment/activities that support special target populations. Nothing to report. D. Progress Report. Nothing to report. 5.Describe the major accomplishments over the life of the project, including their predicted or actual impact. Nothing to report. 6.What science and/or technologies have been transferred and to whom? When is the science and/or technology likely to become available to the end-user (industry, farmer, other scientists)? What are the constraints, if known, to the adoption and durability of the technology products? Organized and held a Barley Stakeholders Meeting. In attendance were stakeholders from industry, academia (University of Maryland at College Park, MD and Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, VA), international agencies (Canada and Australia) and representatives from two ARS regions (Eastern Regional Research Center and Western Regional Research Center), in addition to BARC scientists. Ten scientific presentations were given on topics including the role of barley consumption on plasma lipids, future research on the role of barley consumption on risk factors for disease, development of barley food products, the use of barley to produce fuel grade ethanol, issues relating to barley as a source of phytonutrients, and breeding and growing of productive strains of barley for the American farmer. Searched for and selected a candidate for a post-doctoral position to assist with the long-term studies. 7.List your most important publications in the popular press and presentations to organizations and articles written about your work. Nothing to report.