2006 Annual Report 4d.Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a trust agreement between ARS and the State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, Hawaii Invasive Species Council. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5320-22430-021-00D, Detection, Control and Areawide Management of Fruit Flies. The Nettle Caterpillar, Darna pallivitta (Moore), is an invasive pest on the island of Hawaii, causing defoliation of ornamental nursery stock and posing a human health hazard due to their urticating hairs that can cause painful stings. Using electrophysiological techniques and mass spectral analysis several compounds of interest were identified from female moths. Subsequent synthesis of these compounds confirmed that they were (E)-7,9-decadienoates, structurally similar to sex pheromone components previous reported from related Darna spp. Field trials showed significant attraction to all lures containing n-butyl (E)-7,9-decadienoate, while the other compounds did not increase trap captures at the levels and ratios tested. Synthetic pheromone lures (2.5 mg) outperformed virgin moths as attractant baits and could be used for monitoring D. pallivitta populations on the island of Hawaii and detection on other Hawaiian islands and at ports and nurseries that receive plants from Hawaii (e.g. California and Florida).