2006 Annual Report 4d.Progress report. This report serves to documents research conducted under a Specific Cooperative agreement between ARS and the State of Nevada. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5325-11220-003-00D, Risk Analysis and Post-Release Monitoring of Biological Control Agents of Saltcedar. Nevada riparian areas are highly infested with invasive saltcedar that is uneconomical to control using conventional methods such as herbicides or burning. Scientists with the Nevada Department of Agriculture cooperated with ARS scientists in Reno, NV, Albany, CA and Temple, TX to assess biological control agents from Eurasia that were introduced in Nevada in 2001. This biological control agent from western China, Diorhabda elongata, has successfully expanded from initial release levels of 1400 beetles in 2001 to literally billions of beetles in 2006. It has now spread over 10,000+ acres and has totally defoliated the saltcedar for several consecutive seasons in Lovelock and Schurz, NV. Similar defoliation has occurred in release sites in the state of Utah. This natural enemy is continuing to increase in numbers, spread across infested sites and is defoliating these weedy shrubs over wide-areas where it is expected to significantly reduce saltcedar populations at little or no cost to farmers, ranchers, land managers or the general public of the United States. A combination of ground-collected data and aerial remote sensing has been conducted to assess the impact and spread of this agent. This project was initiated to allow continued assessment of this beneficial project through 2010. This technology has now been successfully transferred to USDA-APHIS and is currently being implemented in 14 western states.