2007 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) Screen, identify and develop genotypes of pearl millet with resistance to seed and grain molds to improve stability of production and food safety. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) 1) Collect and evaluate diverse pearl millets to identify grain mold resistance,. 2)evaluate general and specific combining ability and heritability of resistance to grain mold development in field and laboratory studies, and. 3)quantify changes in nutritional composition (protein, carbohydrate, and fat) and associated mycotoxin contamination in molded grain. 3.Progress Report This report documents research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between ARS and USDA-FAS. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 6602-21410-004-00D “Genetic enhancement of warm-season grass species for forage and alternative uses”. This research is being conducted to identify sources of resistance to grain and seed molds in pearl millet. One hundred landraces accessions that were collected in diverse locations in Ghana were screened for sorbtion properties to assess molding potential. An inoculation protocol was developed to inoculate greenhouse-grown plants with Fusarium spp., and ten elite inbreds were evaluated for resistance.