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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Saccharin |
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General Description
Synonyms: benzo-sulphinide; 1,2-benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide; garantose; saccharine
OSHA IMIS Code Number: S226
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 81-07-2
Chemical Description and Physical Properties: White crystalline powder with sweet taste and slight odor.
molecular formula: C7H5NO3S
molecular weight: 183.19
boiling point: 299
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 3, Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
Potential symptoms: Irritation of skin; at very high levels: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; in male rats: bladder cancer.
Affected organ: Skin
Notes:
- Reclassification of saccharin by the IARC from Group 2B (possibly carcinogenic to humans) to Group 3 has remained controversial.
- Saccharin is permitted by the FDA for use as a sweetener in amounts up to 12 milligrams per fluid ounce or up to 30 milligrams per designated serving size in processed foods (21 CFR 180.37)
- The measurement of saccharin in urine has been proposed as a biomarker of dietary exposure
Date Last Revised: 10/25/2005
Literature Basis:
- Bell, W., et al.: Carcinogenicity of saccharin in laboratory animals and humans: letter to Dr. Harry Conacher of Health Canada. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 8(4): 387-393, 2002.
- Huff, J.: IARC monographs, industry influence, and upgrading, downgrading, and under-grading chemicals: a personal point of view. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Int. J. Occup. Environ. Health 8(3): 249-270, 2002.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Saccharin. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 2010-2011.
- Wilson, L.A., Wilkinson, K., Crews, H.M., Davies, A.M., Dick, C.S. and Dumsday, V.L.: Urinary monitoring of saccharin and acesulfame-K as biomarkers of exposure to these additives. Food Addit. Contam. 16(6): 227-238, 1999.
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