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| Census of Housing |
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On the surface, the national numbers would indicate that homes were not much likelier to receive water from public systems in 1990 than 1970. For three censuses, public water systems served a bit over 80 percent of all homes. Yet, there were interesting variations in some parts of the Nation in that time period.
In 1990, some states in the South Region were more likely to have public water systems than they were 20 years earlier. North and South Carolina illustrate this trend well. Many highly urban States, such as Illinois, Utah, and California barely changed from 1970 to 1990. But, in some States, homes were less likely in 1990 to be served by public water systems than in 1970; New England States are typical of this group.
1 9 9 0
Public system Individual Individual Individual Some other
or private well drilled well dug well source
company
Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per-
cent cent cent cent cent
US 86068766 84.2% 15131691 14.8% 13467148 13.2%1664543 1.6%1063221 1.0%
AL 1454160 87.1% 201105 12.0% 170898 10.2% 30207 1.8% 15114 0.9%
AK 152550 65.6% 56116 24.1% 52697 22.7% 3419 1.5% 23942 10.3%
AZ 1568614 94.5% 77229 4.7% 71562 4.3% 5667 0.3% 13587 0.8%
AR 815155 81.5% 174664 17.5% 154969 15.5% 19695 2.0% 10848 1.1%
CA 10668942 95.4% 464621 4.2% 432689 3.9% 31932 0.3% 49319 0.4%
CO 1344307 91.0% 119898 8.1% 110516 7.5% 9382 0.6% 13144 0.9%
CT 1026900 77.7% 289885 21.9% 252669 19.1% 37216 2.8% 4065 0.3%
DE 220935 76.2% 68452 23.6% 62267 21.5% 6185 2.1% 532 0.2%
DC 278190 99.9% 181 0.1% 151 0.1% 30 0.0% 118 0.0%
FL 5298184 86.9% 794558 13.0% 745506 12.2% 49052 0.8% 7520 0.1%
GA 2144049 81.3% 476726 18.1% 391011 14.8% 85715 3.2% 17643 0.7%
HI 380375 97.6% 868 0.2% 755 0.2% 113 0.0% 8567 2.2%
ID 289502 70.0% 112333 27.2% 105860 25.6% 6473 1.6% 11492 2.8%
IL 4044971 89.8% 440172 9.8% 366146 8.1% 74026 1.6% 21132 0.5%
IN 1664281 74.1% 564286 25.1% 516561 23.0% 47725 2.1% 17479 0.8%
IA 927716 81.1% 209984 18.4% 174323 15.2% 35661 3.1% 5969 0.5%
KS 934508 89.5% 104107 10.0% 90689 8.7% 13418 1.3% 5497 0.5%
KY 1214664 80.6% 206523 13.7% 171220 11.4% 35303 2.3% 85658 5.7%
LA 1527872 89.0% 182931 10.7% 156538 9.1% 26393 1.5% 5438 0.3%
ME 312299 53.2% 245831 41.9% 190639 32.5% 55192 9.4% 28915 4.9%
MD 1565946 82.8% 315155 16.7% 283750 15.0% 31405 1.7% 10816 0.6%
MA 2265229 91.6% 200314 8.1% 171182 6.9% 29132 1.2% 7168 0.3%
MI 2711224 70.5% 1121066 29.1% 1064011 27.7% 57055 1.5% 15636 0.4%
MN 1348611 73.0% 484018 26.2% 442662 23.9% 41356 2.2% 15816 0.9%
MS 882496 87.3% 122447 12.1% 106407 10.5% 16040 1.6% 5480 0.5%
MO 1839532 83.6% 336598 15.3% 309678 14.1% 26920 1.2% 22999 1.0%
MT 236532 65.5% 109273 30.3% 100222 27.8% 9051 2.5% 15350 4.3%
NE 548285 83.0% 110754 16.8% 102092 15.5% 8662 1.3% 1582 0.2%
NV 479732 92.5% 36815 7.1% 35060 6.8% 1755 0.3% 2311 0.4%
NH 303911 60.3% 188825 37.5% 141959 28.2% 46866 9.3% 11168 2.2%
NJ 2756133 89.6% 314868 10.2% 288970 9.4% 25898 0.8% 4309 0.1%
NM 525244 83.1% 97045 15.4% 90385 14.3% 6660 1.1% 9769 1.5%
NY 6329446 87.6% 824332 11.4% 703295 9.7% 121037 1.7% 73113 1.0%
NC 1843476 65.4% 913733 32.4% 771663 27.4% 142070 5.0% 60984 2.2%
ND 218257 79.0% 52953 19.2% 45932 16.6% 7021 2.5% 5130 1.9%
OH 3603499 82.4% 707886 16.2% 644790 14.7% 63096 1.4% 60560 1.4%
OK 1223121 87.0% 177074 12.6% 163916 11.7% 13158 0.9% 6304 0.4%
OR 963096 80.7% 204470 17.1% 189423 15.9% 15047 1.3% 26001 2.2%
PA 3854953 78.1% 978220 19.8% 905420 18.3% 72800 1.5% 104967 2.1%
RI 367984 88.8% 45836 11.1% 37434 9.0% 8402 2.0% 752 0.2%
SC 1099695 77.2% 318708 22.4% 273941 19.2% 44767 3.1% 5752 0.4%
SD 238038 81.4% 48892 16.7% 42806 14.6% 6086 2.1% 5506 1.9%
TN 1736138 85.7% 244943 12.1% 215752 10.6% 29191 1.4% 44986 2.2%
TX 6417136 91.6% 566716 8.1% 511056 7.3% 55660 0.8% 25147 0.4%
UT 573222 95.8% 18522 3.1% 17106 2.9% 1416 0.2% 6644 1.1%
VT 137953 50.9% 99781 36.8% 83366 30.7% 16415 6.1% 33480 12.3%
VA 1900436 76.1% 539237 21.6% 444953 17.8% 94284 3.8% 56661 2.3%
WA 1742224 85.7% 263532 13.0% 231249 11.4% 32283 1.6% 26622 1.3%
WV 563191 72.1% 184098 23.6% 166306 21.3% 17792 2.3% 34006 4.4%
WI 1367925 66.5% 674510 32.8% 626299 30.5% 48211 2.3% 13339 0.6%
WY 157927 77.6% 40600 20.0% 38397 18.9% 2203 1.1% 4884 2.4%
1 9 8 0
Public system Individual Individual Individual Some other
or private well drilled well dug well source
company
Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per-
cent cent cent cent cent
US 72528131 83.6% 13101922 15.1% 11227722 12.9%1874200 2.2%1128664 1.3%
AL 1158608 79.9% 267202 18.4% 204219 14.1% 62983 4.3% 24945 1.7%
AK 107768 70.0% 32391 21.0% 30171 19.6% 2220 1.4% 13892 9.0%
AZ 1020731 95.2% 43226 4.0% 40427 3.8% 2799 0.3% 7830 0.7%
AR 659725 74.2% 213672 24.0% 182740 20.6% 30932 3.5% 15796 1.8%
CA 8819702 95.6% 359584 3.9% 334836 3.6% 24748 0.3% 43834 0.5%
CO 1074680 91.9% 84459 7.2% 76836 6.6% 7623 0.7% 10435 0.9%
CT 899330 78.6% 241130 21.1% 203602 17.8% 37528 3.3% 4060 0.4%
DE 176869 76.8% 52701 22.9% 45450 19.7% 7251 3.1% 731 0.3%
DC 276646 99.9% 76 0.0% 62 0.0% 14 0.0% 135 0.0%
FL 3698274 86.4% 573059 13.4% 542716 12.7% 30343 0.7% 7301 0.2%
GA 1585084 78.7% 405078 20.1% 302876 15.0% 102202 5.1% 23677 1.2%
HI 327197 98.5% 536 0.2% 443 0.1% 93 0.0% 4472 1.3%
ID 261496 72.6% 88853 24.7% 83013 23.1% 5840 1.6% 9682 2.7%
IL 3835388 89.1% 443681 10.3% 346903 8.1% 96778 2.2% 25356 0.6%
IN 1495026 72.4% 546381 26.5% 494918 24.0% 51463 2.5% 23708 1.1%
IA 877037 78.2% 236709 21.1% 181883 16.2% 54826 4.9% 7568 0.7%
KS 825134 86.8% 116567 12.3% 97143 10.2% 19424 2.0% 8810 0.9%
KY 1003974 74.1% 247506 18.3% 188758 13.9% 58748 4.3% 103954 7.7%
LA 1328035 86.4% 200446 13.0% 165258 10.8% 35188 2.3% 8702 0.6%
ME 261322 61.0% 149331 34.9% 105262 24.6% 44069 10.3% 17592 4.1%
MD 1283600 82.8% 252142 16.3% 211361 13.6% 40781 2.6% 13938 0.9%
MA 2003575 93.6% 132119 6.2% 104153 4.9% 27966 1.3% 5670 0.3%
MI 2503336 72.5% 934184 27.1% 880736 25.5% 53448 1.5% 13176 0.4%
MN 1137212 74.3% 382572 25.0% 339464 22.2% 43108 2.8% 10509 0.7%
MS 738555 81.7% 150816 16.7% 123622 13.7% 27194 3.0% 15152 1.7%
MO 1620506 82.6% 305853 15.6% 264551 13.5% 41302 2.1% 36217 1.8%
MT 223211 70.8% 80817 25.6% 72119 22.9% 8698 2.8% 11070 3.5%
NE 504320 81.5% 112740 18.2% 103037 16.7% 9703 1.6% 1773 0.3%
NV 312151 92.4% 24142 7.2% 23074 6.8% 1068 0.3% 1356 0.4%
NH 230811 66.1% 110712 31.7% 72774 20.8% 37938 10.9% 7649 2.2%
NJ 2408624 89.5% 277326 10.3% 248691 9.2% 28635 1.1% 4427 0.2%
NM 415179 84.1% 70157 14.2% 63659 12.9% 6498 1.3% 8153 1.7%
NY 5990705 89.3% 659973 9.8% 554603 8.3% 105370 1.6% 55521 0.8%
NC 1324436 59.5% 821995 37.0% 645594 29.0% 176401 7.9% 77765 3.5%
ND 192558 76.2% 54008 21.4% 44945 17.8% 9063 3.6% 6183 2.4%
OH 3317852 81.4% 692062 17.0% 616358 15.1% 75704 1.9% 68150 1.7%
OK 1056894 86.0% 164506 13.4% 149362 12.1% 15144 1.2% 8122 0.7%
OR 867896 81.0% 178407 16.6% 163299 15.2% 15108 1.4% 25310 2.4%
PA 3613011 80.1% 800292 17.7% 725001 16.1% 75291 1.7% 99371 2.2%
RI 328261 90.5% 33987 9.4% 25711 7.1% 8276 2.3% 670 0.2%
SC 812731 72.4% 297435 26.5% 241291 21.5% 56144 5.0% 12761 1.1%
SD 204810 76.0% 56512 21.0% 46813 17.4% 9699 3.6% 8322 3.1%
TN 1416564 81.5% 258997 14.9% 219180 12.6% 39817 2.3% 61562 3.5%
TX 4961560 90.5% 490453 8.9% 419075 7.6% 71378 1.3% 33260 0.6%
UT 463342 96.3% 14511 3.0% 13007 2.7% 1504 0.3% 3213 0.7%
VT 113673 57.9% 58380 29.7% 41744 21.2% 16636 8.5% 24406 12.4%
VA 1469796 73.5% 455556 22.8% 353757 17.7% 101799 5.1% 74723 3.7%
WA 1431226 86.7% 195132 11.8% 162647 9.8% 32485 2.0% 25322 1.5%
WV 517778 70.3% 181069 24.6% 156119 21.2% 24950 3.4% 38186 5.2%
WI 1223745 69.7% 521579 29.7% 485183 27.6% 36396 2.1% 10987 0.6%
WY 148187 81.3% 30900 16.9% 29276 16.1% 1624 0.9% 3260 1.8%
1 9 7 0
Public system Individual Individual Individual Some other
or private well drilled well dug well source
company
Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per- Number Per-
cent cent cent cent cent
US 55293575 81.7% 11102324 16.4% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1297943 1.9%
AL 775486 69.6% 306292 27.5% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 33013 3.0%
AK 59962 67.7% 17111 19.3% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 11490 13.0%
AZ 542789 93.8% 28436 4.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 7525 1.3%
AR 441593 65.6% 207447 30.8% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 23930 3.6%
CA 6640227 95.2% 294586 4.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 41156 0.6%
CO 662623 89.2% 65730 8.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 14285 1.9%
CT 769707 79.4% 194154 20.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 4960 0.5%
DE 136245 77.9% 37605 21.5% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1139 0.7%
DC 278141 99.9% 122 0.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 130 0.0%
FL 2085329 83.7% 394965 15.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 10483 0.4%
GA 1114021 76.0% 324515 22.1% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 28089 1.9%
HI 212679 98.5% 404 0.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 2757 1.3%
ID 166793 70.0% 62149 26.1% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 9361 3.9%
IL 3249823 88.0% 418316 11.3% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 23810 0.6%
IN 1188856 69.5% 494075 28.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 28866 1.7%
IA 708381 74.2% 240365 25.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 6292 0.7%
KS 649692 82.5% 126095 16.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 11697 1.5%
KY 711561 67.1% 244402 23.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 104609 9.9%
LA 938039 81.9% 189390 16.5% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 18544 1.6%
ME 219311 64.7% 101893 30.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 17997 5.3%
MD 1022977 82.9% 194707 15.8% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 16785 1.4%
MA 1738290 94.5% 94792 5.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 5707 0.3%
MI 2094053 73.6% 737245 25.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 13781 0.5%
MN 870840 71.4% 337692 27.7% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 10963 0.9%
MS 455434 65.3% 202882 29.1% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 38894 5.6%
MO 1331445 79.9% 277068 16.6% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 57070 3.4%
MT 172442 71.6% 56088 23.3% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 12223 5.1%
NE 400485 78.3% 108965 21.3% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1996 0.4%
NV 154732 90.1% 15303 8.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 1647 1.0%
NH 172822 69.5% 68136 27.4% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 7763 3.1%
NJ 2067567 89.7% 232224 10.1% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 5550 0.2%
NM 255084 79.2% 56149 17.4% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 11007 3.4%
NY 5554366 90.2% 550154 8.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 54141 0.9%
NC 881365 54.4% 659159 40.7% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 78755 4.9%
ND 129498 64.6% 59389 29.6% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 11611 5.8%
OH 2767639 80.3% 612505 17.8% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 67249 2.0%
OK 764886 81.6% 158448 16.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 14493 1.5%
OR 587236 79.8% 124666 17.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 23568 3.2%
PA 3168255 81.7% 613197 15.8% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 98586 2.5%
RI 279504 90.9% 27162 8.8% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 668 0.2%
SC 515081 64.0% 267006 33.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 22730 2.8%
SD 147512 66.6% 60341 27.2% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 13741 6.2%
TN 969568 74.8% 253496 19.5% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 73864 5.7%
TX 3295954 86.5% 454568 11.9% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 58395 1.5%
UT 296114 94.9% 12329 4.0% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3431 1.1%
VT 92236 61.6% 32169 21.5% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 25439 17.0%
VA 1042156 70.2% 351898 23.7% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 90769 6.1%
WA 1040332 86.3% 139788 11.6% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 24804 2.1%
WV 398830 67.3% 156279 26.4% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 37670 6.4%
WI 984446 69.5% 420488 29.7% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 11108 0.8%
WY 91168 79.6% 19979 17.4% N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. 3402 3.0%
1990 data are for all housing units; 1980 and 1970 data are limited to
year-round housing units;
