Where Industry and Security Intersect
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WASHINGTON -- The Commerce Department today named 40 Indian and 46 Pakistani entities along with a number of subordinate entities which will be covered by export restrictions under the Clinton Administration's sanctions policy announced in June following nuclear tests conducted by the two nations.
Today's announcement specifies Indian and Pakistani entities believed to have been involved in Indian or Pakistani nuclear, missile, and military programs. Commerce Department licenses will be required for exports to the entities listed, and most licenses will be denied.
The list includes government agencies, government-affiliated firms and private companies as well as certain military entities. The list will facilitate implementation of the sanctions by helping U.S. exporters to conduct trade in a transparent environment. In June, Commerce's Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) placed additional restrictions on exports of items controlled specifically for nuclear nonproliferation and missile technology reasons to all parties in India and Pakistan, and that policy will continue.
"Publishing this list will ease the burden on U.S. exporters by clarifying their responsibilities and helping them to comply with the sanctions," said Commerce Assistant Secretary for Export Administration Roger Majak. "We compiled this list after a thorough assessment of the best available information about these entities and the Indian and Pakistani weapons programs," he said.
Since 1991, U.S. exporters have been required by U.S. "catch-all" export controls of the Enhanced Proliferation Control Initiative (or EPCI) to submit export licenses for any Indian or Pakistani entity they know or have reason to know is involved in nuclear or missile activities. That requirement continues, including for entities not specifically named by the new list. Focussing the export restrictions on nuclear, missile and conventional military programs reflects the Administration's policy of deterring proliferant activities while minimizing economic harm to the people of India and Pakistan.
Today's list will be published in the Federal Register along with regulatory changes describing the applicable sanctions and licensing requirements. The list consists of three general categories of entities subject to the following export restrictions:
Listed government nuclear and missile entities: General denial of all trade, including items not specifically listed on the Commerce Commodity Control List except items for repair ("safety of flight") of U.S. commercial aircraft.
Listed government-affiliated entities and private companies (parastatals and private companies): Same as above, with an additional case-by-case exception for trade, unrelated to nuclear or missile programs, which is pursuant to pre-existing business relationships with U.S. firms unrelated to nuclear or missile programs.
Listed military entities: General denial of trade in items listed on the Commerce Commodity Control List.
Other entities will continue to be reviewed by an inter-agency task force and may be added to the list later. Exporters should consult the Department of Commerce website at www.bxa.doc.gov for further details and future announcements, or may call BXA's export counseling line (202-482-4811) with any questions.
In April of 2002 the Bureau of Export Administration (BXA) changed its name to the Bureau of Industry and Security(BIS). For historical purposes we have not changed the references to BXA in the legacy documents found in the Archived Press and Public Information.