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Joseph E. Hight
This excerpt is from an article published in the June 1998 issue of the Monthly Labor Review. The full text of the article is available in Adobe Acrobat's Portable Document Format (PDF). See How to view a PDF file for more information.
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Footnotes
1 See Alan Eck, "Job-related education and training: their impact on earnings," Monthly Labor Review, October 1993, pp. 2138. See also Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey, 194887, Bulletin 2307 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1988), table C-22, pp. 84445. Although data on educational attainment of the labor force are available only from 1970, data on the education level of the population are available from 1940 and clearly show an increasing trend, suggesting that the labor force also has become more educated since 1940. See Robert Kominski and Andrea Adams, Educational Attainment in the United States: March 1993 and 1992, Current Population Reports, P20-476 (Bureau of the Census, 1994), table 17, pp. 9395.
2 See John Bound and George Johnson, "Changes in the Structure of Wages in the 1980s: An Evaluation of Alternative Explanations," American Economic Review, June 1992, pp. 37192. See also Handbook of Labor Statistics, Bulletin 2340 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1989), table 85, p. 320, for historical average weekly earnings in current and constant (inflation-adjusted) dollars.
3 For examples, see Lisa M. Lynch, ed., Training and the Private Sector: International Comparisons (Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1994); Jonathan R. Veum, "Training among young adults: who, what kind, and for how long?" Monthly Labor Review, August 1993, pp. 2732; and John Bishop, Employer Training & Skill Shortages: A Review of the State of Knowledge, working paper 9132 (Ithaca, NY, Cornell University, New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Center for Advanced Human Resource Studies, 1991).
4 For a comprehensive statement on data needs, see Lisa M. Lynch, "A Needs Analysis of Training Data: What Do We Want, What Do We Have, Can We Ever Get It?" (Mimeo., Tufts University, 1995).
5 Burt Barnow, Linda Giannarelli, and Sharon Long, Training Provided by Private Sector Employers, report prepared for the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Policy, U.S. Department of Labor (Washington, DC, The Urban Institute, May 1996).
6 For an example of an analysis that does use the 1991 NHES and reports similar findings to those presented here, see Teresita L. Chan Kopka and Samuel S. Peng, Adult Education: Employment-Related Training, NCES Report 94471 (U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, May 1994).
7 For a brief description of the NHES, see National Household Education Survey: An Overview, NCES Report 98-246 (U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, May 1998); also, Roslyn Korb, Kathryn Chandler, and Jerry West, Adult Education Profile for 199091, NCES Report 91222 (U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, September 1991). For a more comprehensive report on the survey, see An Overview of the National Household Education Survey: 1991, 1993, 1995, 1996, NCES Report 97448 (U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, May 1997).
8 As reported by many researchers, including Bound and Johnson, in "Structure of Wages," 1992.
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