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Ambient Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in North Central Texas, 1990-1994: A Time Series Analysis
EPA Grant Number: U914781Title: Ambient Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in North Central Texas, 1990-1994: A Time Series Analysis
Investigators: Gamble, Janet L.
Institution: University of Texas at Dallas
EPA Project Officer: Broadway, Virginia
Project Period: January 1, 1995 through January 1, 1996
Project Amount: $102,000
RFA: STAR Graduate Fellowships (1995)
Research Category: Academic Fellowships , Fellowship - Air Pollution , Air Quality and Air Toxics
Description:
Objective:The objective of this research project involves a time-series multiple regression analysis of the hypothesized air pollution-mortality relationship for the Dallas area.
Approach:Several recent time-series studies have reported a significant relationship between low-level air pollution and mortality. Specifically, these studies appear to implicate fine particles, including sulfates, in production of excess mortality. However, tropospheric ozone (O3)—a major constituent of air pollution in urban areas where mass transit is limited and commuters rely on private vehicles—has generally not been thought to produce adverse health affects other than mild reversible respiratory symptoms, most notably in persons engaged in vigorous outdoor activities (Follinsbee, 1992; Lipfert, 1994). Certainly, O3 has not been considered to be a factor in early death. However, a time-series study of air pollution and mortality in the Los Angeles County area conducted by Kinney and Ozkaynak (1991) suggests a significant relationship between atmospheric ozone concentrations and mortality.
These findings are of particular interest in the Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area, because of this region's continued reliance on automotive travel and the ozone exceedance incidents, which have prompted the recent introduction of more stringent automotive emissions standards across the area. Although several urban locations in which air pollution is substantially particulate have been analyzed, and a consistent picture of the relationship between fine particulates and mortality has begun to take shape, an analysis of the Dallas area could yield useful findings with respect to the potential mortality effects of O3 in a region where exceedance incidents are relatively infrequent.
Supplemental Keywords:fellowship, ozone, ambient air, ambient air pollution, Dallas, Dallas-Fort Worth metropolitan area, Texas, TX, air pollution, mortality, urban, fine particulates, particulate matter, PM, emissions, time-series studies, multiple regression analysis, pollution-mortality relationship. , Air, Geographic Area, Health, RFA, PHYSICAL ASPECTS, Air Quality, Risk Assessments, Physical Processes, Air Pollution Effects, air toxics, mobile sources, State, tropospheric ozone, automotive exhaust, motor vehicle exhaust, engine exhaust, airborne urban contaminants, health effects, mortality, ozone, ambient aerosol particles, emissions, human health risk, lung injury, mortality studies, air pollutants, Texas (TX), ambient particle health effects, air pollution, sulfates, ambient ozone data, automotive emissions, exposure, vehicle emissions, motor vehicle emissions, urban ambient particles, ambient particle pollution