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Final Report: Cardiopulmonary Response to Particulate Exposure
EPA Grant Number: R824834C002Subproject: this is subproject number 002 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R824834
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC)
Center Director: Beskid, Craig
Title: Cardiopulmonary Response to Particulate Exposure
Investigators: Christiani, David
Institution: Harvard School of Public Health
EPA Project Officer: Katz, Stacey
Project Period: July 1, 1999 through December 31, 2000
RFA: Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC) (1997)
Research Category: Congressionally Mandated Center , Urban Air Toxics , Targeted Research
Description:
Objective:The purpose of this research was to investigate the role of respirable particulate matter (PM2.5) and associated metals in respiratory and cardiovascular responses in a cohort of boilermakers with and without chronic bronchitis. The experimental approach involved an epidemiological study employing a prospective, repeat-measurement design assessing several biological parameters in relation to exposure. PM2.5 levels were monitored continuously with personal Dust Trak monitors. Personal metal exposure (V, N, Cd, Mn, Cr, and Fe) were measured daily. Boilermaker exposure to the fuel oil ash particulate was related to the following: (1) airway inflammation, by measuring daily exhaled NO; (2) airflow obstruction, by measuring daily peak flow and weekly lung function (FEV1); and (3) cardiovascular function by measuring daily heart rate, heart rate variability, and blood pressure and weekly serum fibrinogen levels.
Workers during pre-exposure (layoff) served as their own controls. Subjects with chronic bronchitis were compared to non-symptomatic subjects. This project was leveraged with funds from a National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant.
Summary/Accomplishments (Outputs/Outcomes):This study was in compliance with the Institutional Review Board of the Harvard School of Public Health. Human consent procedures met governmental guidelines. The study also was in compliance with appropriate NUATRC and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) quality control and quality assurance guidelines.
During the first year of the study, 40 subjects (apprentices from the welding school and boilermakers in the field) were monitored for both the respiratory component (spirometry and exhaled NOx) and the cardiovascular component (heart rate-determined using Holter monitors and blood samples for serum fibrinogen levels). In addition, eight chronic bronchitics were monitored to assess relationship between chronic respiratory disease and cardiac function (heart rate, heart-rate variability, etc.).
Work during the second year focused on: (1) evaluating the effects of comparing work time and non-work time data collected, (2) examining six metals collected on filters and heart rate variability effects, and (3) examining the effects of six metals in urine and heart rate variability effects. Analyses of the data will be reported in the literature.
Journal Articles:No journal articles submitted with this report: View all 2 publications for this subproject
Supplemental Keywords:air pollution, urban, particulate matter, PM2.5, bronchitis, metals, exposure, epidemiology, respiratory disease. , Air, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, Risk Assessments, Health Risk Assessment, Epidemiology, Air Pollution Effects, air toxics, Biochemistry, particulate matter, Air Pollution, Environmental Monitoring, airborne urban contaminants, minority children, cardiovascular disease, health effects, urban air, lung inflamation, sensitive subgroups, children's health, human health risk, air pollutants, human health effects, urban air quality, metals, urban air pollution, human health, biomarker, human exposure, PM
Progress and Final Reports:
Original Abstract
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R824834 Mickey Leland National Urban Air Toxics Research Center (NUATRC)
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R824834C001 Air Toxics Exposures Among Teenagers in New York City and Los Angeles - A Columbia-Harvard Study (TEACH)
R824834C002 Cardiopulmonary Response to Particulate Exposure
R824834C003 VOC Exposure in an Industry Impacted Community
R824834C004 A Study of Personal Exposure to Air Toxics Among a Subset of the Residential U.S. Population (VOC Project)
R824834C005 Methods Development Project for a Study of Personal Exposures to Toxic Air Pollutants
R824834C006 Relationship Between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA)
R824834C007 Development of the "Leland Legacy" Air Sampling Pump
R824834C008 Source Apportionment of Indoor Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Urban Residences
R824834C009 Development of a Personal Cascade Impactor Sampler (PCIS)
R824834C010 Testing the Metals Hypothesis in Spokane
R828678C001 Air Toxics Exposures Among Teenagers in New York City and Los Angeles—A Columbia-Harvard Study (TEACH)
R828678C002 Cardiopulmonary Effects of Metal-Containing Particulate Exposure
R828678C003 VOC Exposure in an Industry Impacted Community
R828678C004 A Study of Personal Exposure to Air Toxics Among a Subset of the Residential U.S. Population (VOC Project)
R828678C005 Oxygenated Urban Air Toxics and Asthma Variability in Middle School Children: A Panel Study (ATAC–Air Toxics and Asthma in Children)
R828678C006 Relationship between Indoor, Outdoor and Personal Air (RIOPA). Part II: Analyses of Concentrations of Particulate Matter Species
R828678C007 Development of the “Leland Legacy” Air Sampling Pump
R828678C008 Source Apportionment of Indoor PAHs in Urban Residences 98-03B
R828678C009 Development of a Personal Cascade Impactor Sampler (PCIS)
R828678C010 Testing the Metals Hypothesis in Spokane
R828678C011 A Pilot Geospatial Analysis of Exposure to Air Pollutants (with Special Attention to Air Toxics) and Hospital Admissions in Harris County, Texas
R828678C012 Impact of Exposure to Urban Air Toxics on Asthma Utilization for the Pediatric Medicaid Population in Dearborn, Michigan
R828678C013 Field Validation of the Sioutas Sampler and Leland Legacy Pump – Joint Project with EPA’s Environmental Technology Validation Program (ETV)
R828678C014 Performance Evaluation of the 3M Charcoal Vapor Monitor for Monitor Low Ambient Concentrations of VOCs
R828678C015 RIOPA Database Development
R828678C016 Contributions of Outdoor PM Sources to Indoor and Personal Exposures: Analysis of PM Species Concentrations” Focused on the PM Speciation and Apportioning of Sources
R828678C017 The Short and Long-Term Respiratory Effects of Exposure to PAHs from Traffic in a Cohort of Asthmatic Children