[DOCID: f:hr129.110]
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110th Congress Report
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
1st Session 110-129
======================================================================
GUAM WORLD WAR II LOYALTY RECOGNITION ACT
_______
May 7, 2007.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the
State of the Union and ordered to be printed
_______
Mr. Rahall, from the Committee on Natural Resources, submitted the
following
R E P O R T
[To accompany H.R. 1595]
[Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]
The Committee on Natural Resources, to whom was referred the
bill (H.R. 1595) to implement the recommendations of the Guam
War Claims Review Commission, having considered the same,
report favorably thereon with an amendment and recommend that
the bill as amended do pass.
The amendment is as follows:
Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the
following:
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.
(a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Guam World War II
Loyalty Recognition Act''.
(b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents of this Act is as
follows:
Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Recognition of the suffering and loyalty of the residents of
Guam.
Sec. 3. Payments for Guam World War II claims.
Sec. 4. Adjudication.
Sec. 5. Grants program to memorialize the occupation of Guam during
world war II.
Sec. 6. Authorization of Appropriations.
SEC. 2. RECOGNITION OF THE SUFFERING AND LOYALTY OF THE RESIDENTS OF
GUAM.
(a) Recognition of the Suffering of the Residents of Guam.--The
United States recognizes that, as described by the Guam War Claims
Review Commission, the residents of Guam, on account of their United
States nationality, suffered unspeakable harm as a result of the
occupation of Guam by Imperial Japanese military forces during World
War II, by being subjected to death, rape, severe personal injury,
personal injury, forced labor, forced march, or internment.
(b) Recognition of the Loyalty of the Residents of Guam.--The United
States forever will be grateful to the residents of Guam for their
steadfast loyalty to the United States of America, as demonstrated by
the countless acts of courage they performed despite the threat of
death or great bodily harm they faced at the hands of the Imperial
Japanese military forces that occupied Guam during World War II.
SEC. 3. PAYMENTS FOR GUAM WORLD WAR II CLAIMS.
(a) Payments for Death, Personal Injury, Forced Labor, Forced March,
and Internment.--Subject to section 6(a), after receipt of
certification pursuant to section 4(b)(8) and in accordance with the
provisions of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall make
payments as follows:
(1) Residents injured.--The Secretary shall pay compensable
Guam victims who are not deceased before any payments are made
to individuals described in paragraphs (2) and (3) as follows:
(A) If the victim has suffered an injury described in
subsection (c)(2)(A), $15,000.
(B) If the victim is not described in subparagraph
(A) but has suffered an injury described in subsection
(c)(2)(B), $12,000.
(C) If the victim is not described in subparagraph
(A) or (B) but has suffered an injury described in
subsection (c)(2)(C), $10,000.
(2) Survivors of residents who died in war.--In the case of a
compensable Guam decedent, the Secretary shall pay $25,000 for
distribution to eligible survivors of the decedent as specified
in subsection (b). The Secretary shall make payments under this
paragraph after payments are made under paragraph (1) and
before payments are made under paragraph (3).
(3) Survivors of deceased injured residents.--In the case of
a compensable Guam victim who is deceased, the Secretary shall
pay $7,000 for distribution to eligible survivors of the victim
as specified in subsection (b). The Secretary shall make
payments under this paragraph after payments are made under
paragraphs (1) and (2).
(b) Distribution of Survivor Payments.--Payments under paragraph (2)
or (3) of subsection (a) to eligible survivors of an individual who is
a compensable Guam decedent or a compensable Guam victim who is
deceased shall be made as follows:
(1) If there is living a spouse of the individual, but no
child of the individual, all of the payment shall be made to
such spouse.
(2) If there is living a spouse of the individual and one or
more children of the individual, one-half of the payment shall
be made to the spouse and the other half to the child (or to
the children in equal shares).
(3) If there is no living spouse of the individual, but there
are one or more children of the individual alive, all of the
payment shall be made to such child (or to such children in
equal shares).
(4) If there is no living spouse or child of the individual
but there is a living parent (or parents) of the individual,
all of the payment shall be made to the parents (or to the
parents in equal shares).
(5) If there is no such living spouse, child, or parent, no
payment shall be made.
(c) Definitions.--For purposes of this Act:
(1) Compensable guam decedent.--The term ``compensable Guam
decedent'' means an individual determined under section 4(a)(1)
to have been a resident of Guam who died or was killed as a
result of the attack and occupation of Guam by Imperial
Japanese military forces during World War II, or incident to
the liberation of Guam by United States military forces, and
whose death would have been compensable under the Guam
Meritorious Claims Act of 1945 (Public Law 79-224) if a timely
claim had been filed under the terms of such Act.
(2) Compensable guam victim.--The term ``compensable Guam
victim'' means an individual determined under section 4(a)(1)
to have suffered, as a result of the attack and occupation of
Guam by Imperial Japanese military forces during World War II,
or incident to the liberation of Guam by United States military
forces, any of the following:
(A) Rape or severe personal injury (such as loss of a
limb, dismemberment, or paralysis).
(B) Forced labor or a personal injury not under
subparagraph (A) (such as disfigurement, scarring, or
burns).
(C) Forced march, internment, or hiding to evade
internment.
(3) Definitions of severe personal injuries and personal
injuries.--The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission shall
promulgate regulations to specify injuries that constitute a
severe personal injury or a personal injury for purposes of
subparagraphs (A) and (B), respectively, of paragraph (2).
SEC. 4. ADJUDICATION.
(a) Authority of Foreign Claims Settlement Commission.--
(1) In general.--The Foreign Claims Settlement Commission is
authorized to adjudicate claims and determine eligibility for
payments under section 3.
(2) Rules and regulations.--The chairman of the Foreign
Claims Settlement Commission shall prescribe such rules and
regulations as may be necessary to enable it to carry out its
functions under this Act. Such rules and regulations shall be
published in the Federal Register.
(b) Claims Submitted for Payments.--
(1) Submittal of claim.--For purposes of subsection (a)(1)
and subject to paragraph (2), the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission may not determine an individual is eligible for a
payment under section 3 unless the individual submits to the
Commission a claim in such manner and form and containing such
information as the Commission specifies.
(2) Filing period for claims and notice.--All claims for a
payment under section 3 shall be filed within one year after
the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission publishes public
notice of the filing period in the Federal Register. The
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission shall provide for the
notice required under the previous sentence not later than 180
days after the date of the enactment of this Act. In addition,
the Commission shall cause to be publicized the public notice
of the deadline for filing claims in newspaper, radio, and
television media on Guam.
(3) Adjudicatory decisions.--The decision of the Foreign
Claims Settlement Commission on each claim shall be by majority
vote, shall be in writing, and shall state the reasons for the
approval or denial of the claim. If approved, the decision
shall also state the amount of the payment awarded and the
distribution, if any, to be made of the payment.
(4) Deductions in payment.--The Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission shall deduct, from potential payments, amounts
previously paid under the Guam Meritorious Claims Act of 1945
(Public Law 79-224).
(5) Interest.--No interest shall be paid on payments awarded
by the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission.
(6) Remuneration prohibited.--No remuneration on account of
representational services rendered on behalf of any claimant in
connection with any claim filed with the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission under this Act shall exceed one percent
of the total amount paid pursuant to any payment certified
under the provisions of this Act on account of such claim. Any
agreement to the contrary shall be unlawful and void. Whoever
demands or receives, on account of services so rendered, any
remuneration in excess of the maximum permitted by this section
shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than
12 months, or both.
(7) Appeals and finality.--Objections and appeals of
decisions of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission shall be
to the Commission, and upon rehearing, the decision in each
claim shall be final, and not subject to further review by any
court or agency.
(8) Certifications for payment.--After a decision approving a
claim becomes final, the chairman of the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission shall certify it to the Secretary of the
Treasury for authorization of a payment under section 3.
(9) Treatment of affidavits.--For purposes of section 3 and
subject to paragraph (2), the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission shall treat a claim that is accompanied by an
affidavit of an individual that attests to all of the material
facts required for establishing eligibility of such individual
for payment under such section as establishing a prima facie
case of the individual's eligibility for such payment without
the need for further documentation, except as the Commission
may otherwise require. Such material facts shall include, with
respect to a claim under paragraph (2) or (3) of section 3(a),
a detailed description of the injury or other circumstance
supporting the claim involved, including the level of payment
sought.
(10) Release of related claims.--Acceptance of payment under
section 3 by an individual for a claim related to a compensable
Guam decedent or a compensable Guam victim shall be in full
satisfaction of all claims related to such decedent or victim,
respectively, arising under the Guam Meritorious Claims Act of
1945 (Public Law 79-224), the implementing regulations issued
by the United States Navy pursuant thereto, or this Act.
(11) Penalty for false claims.--The provisions of section
1001 of title 18 of the United States Code (relating to
criminal penalties for false statements) apply to claims
submitted under this subsection.
SEC. 5. GRANTS PROGRAM TO MEMORIALIZE THE OCCUPATION OF GUAM DURING
WORLD WAR II.
(a) Establishment.--Subject to section 6(b) and in accordance with
this section, the Secretary of the Interior shall establish a grants
program under which the Secretary shall award grants for research,
educational, and media activities that memorialize the events
surrounding the occupation of Guam during World War II, honor the
loyalty of the people of Guam during such occupation, or both, for
purposes of appropriately illuminating and interpreting the causes and
circumstances of such occupation and other similar occupations during a
war.
(b) Eligibility.--The Secretary of the Interior may not award to a
person a grant under subsection (a) unless such person submits an
application to the Secretary for such grant, in such time, manner, and
form and containing such information as the Secretary specifies.
SEC. 6. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.
(a) Guam World War II Claims Payments and Adjudication.--For purposes
of carrying out sections 3 and 4, there are authorized to be
appropriated $126,000,000, to remain available for obligation until
September 30, 2012, to the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission. Not
more than 5 percent of funds made available under this subsection shall
be used for administrative costs.
(b) Guam World War II Grants Program.--For purposes of carrying out
section 5, there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000, to
remain available for obligation until September 30, 2012.
PURPOSE OF THE BILL
The purpose of H.R. 1595, as ordered reported, is to
implement the recommendations of the Guam War Claims Review
Commission.
BACKGROUND AND NEED FOR LEGISLATION
On December 8, 1941, during World War II, invading Imperial
Japanese military forces seized control of Guam from the United
States. The occupation of Guam lasted for nearly three years,
during which time, the people of Guam, estimated at nearly
22,000, were subjected to death, public execution by beheading,
personal injury, forced labor, forced march, rape, and
internment. United States Armed Forces returned and liberated
the people of Guam from enemy occupation on July 21, 1944.
After the United States regained administration over Guam,
an effort to compensate the residents of Guam for their
suffering was made. In 1945, Congress passed the Guam
Meritorious Claims Act (GMCA), Public Law 79-224, which
authorized the Secretary of the Navy to appoint a claims
commission to adjudicate as well as settle war claims less than
$5,000. Any claims of $5,000 or more were to be specifically
forwarded to and approved by Congress.
Public Law 107-333, sponsored by former Congressman Robert
A. Underwood of Guam authorized the establishment of the Guam
War Claims Review Commission (Review Commission). The Review
Commission, appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, was
charged with determining whether there was parity of war claims
paid to Guam residents in 1945 under the GMCA as compared with
awards made under other federal laws to similarly affected
United States citizens or nationals in territory occupied by
Imperial Japanese forces during World War II. In addition, the
Review Commission reviewed the Hopkins Commission Report
(Hopkins Report) for interpretation and comparison. The Hopkins
Report was submitted to Congress in 1947 and provided a general
overview of the progress of implementing the GMCA, as well as
the status of post-war government in both Guam and American
Samoa. It is also important to note that the Review Commission
held public hearings on Guam, at which it received testimony
from both survivors of the occupation as well as descendants of
survivors and descendants of those who were executed during the
war. After careful study and review of the historical records
addressing war claims and public hearings held on Guam, the
Review Commission submitted its final report to Congress on
June 10, 2004.
The Committee on Resources held an oversight hearing on the
Review Commission's report on July 21, 2004 during the 108th
Congress. At that hearing, it became clear that legislation
would be necessary to provide any further authorization of
relief or recognition for the suffering of the people of Guam
because the GMCA provided only a specific one year time limit
for adjudication and settlement of past claims.
The Review Commission determined that there was a lack of
parity in some aspects of the process of implementing the GMCA
and in the amounts made available for payment to the residents
of Guam. Among other notable findings, the Review Commission
found that:
<bullet> Congress was misinformed when it excluded Guam
from coverage under Title II of the War Claims Act of 1948,
further amended in 1962.
<bullet> Congress should have adopted recommendations
made in the 1947 Hopkins Report.
<bullet> Due to problems in disseminating information in
post-war Guam, its residents did not have ample opportunity for
filing claims under the GMCA, and were erroneously excluded
from additional opportunities afforded other Americans in
subsequent legislation.
In addition to further awards, the Review Commission
recommended that Congress acknowledge both the suffering of the
people of Guam during the enemy occupation of Guam in World War
II and their demonstrated loyalty to the United States.
COMMITTEE ACTION
H.R. 1595 was introduced on March 20, 2007, by
Congresswoman Madeleine Z. Bordallo (D-GU). The bill was
referred to the Committee on Natural Resources. On May 2, 2007,
the Full Committee met to consider the bill. Congresswoman
Bordallo (D-GU) offered an amendment, technical in nature,
consolidating the authorization of appropriations sections for
both the claims and grants programs, and striking language that
would have granted the Secretary of the Interior discretion to
expend unobligated funds for the grants program. The amendment
was adopted by voice vote. The bill, as amended, was then
ordered favorably reported to the House of Representatives by
voice vote.
SECTION-BY-SECTION ANALYSIS
Section 1. Short title; table of contents
Section 1 provides the title of the bill and the section
headings of the legislation.
Section 2. Recognition of the suffering and loyalty of the residents of
Guam
Section 2 makes two statements recognizing the sufferings
endured by the people of Guam during enemy occupation and the
steadfast loyalty of the people of the Guam to the United
States of America.
Section 3. Payments for Guam World War II claims
Subsection (a) delineates the amounts that claimants may be
awarded at levels of $25,000, $15,000, $12,000, $10,000, and
$7,000. Death claims are to be paid at $25,000. Personal injury
claims are to be paid at $15,000, $12,000 or $10,000 depending
on the severity of the injury suffered. All claims for personal
injury in the case of a deceased injured resident are to be
paid at $7,000.
``Internment'' is defined and included as a category for
personal injury claims based on both the War Claims Act of 1948
and the Wake Island Amendment of 1962, which authorized
compensation for internment of civilians by Imperial Japanese
military forces during World War II.
Subsection (b) describes the distribution of the amounts
that may be paid for a claim among eligible claimants.
Delineation of the distribution of payments among claimants is
based on precedent, including the War Claims Act of 1948, Wake
Island Amendment of 1962, War Claims Act of 1954, and the
Micronesian Claims Act of 1971. Under these Acts, eligible
claimants have been limited to the spouse, children and
parents.
Subsection (c) defines the eligibility of claimants.
Section 4. Adjudication
Subsection (a) authorizes the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission to adjudicate claims and determine payment
eligibility. The rules and regulations of the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission relating to its adjudication of claims
shall be published in the Federal Register.
The efforts of the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission
will be crucial to properly notifying potential claimants. To
this end, the Committee recommends the hiring of interpreters
on Guam to expeditiously and accurately translate the
experience of those who speak Chamorro or who have limited
proficiency in English. The Committee further recommends that
the Foreign Claims Settlement Commission perform many of its
functions directly in Guam, including staffing and offices, to
the extent such functions are integral to the efficient and
proper adjudication of claims and the execution of authority
granted to it by this Act.
The Committee recognizes through its work with the
Department of the Interior that due to its longstanding
relationship with Guam's leaders and its understanding of
Guam's history, the Department of the Interior may be called
upon to provide assistance, including its expertise and
technical assistance, to the Foreign Claims Settlement
Commission. The Committee expects the Department of the
Interior to provide such assistance as may be requested by the
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission.
The Committee is aware of the fact that since the end of
World War II, many survivors of Guam's occupation have
relocated. The Committee encourages the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission, with the support of the Department of
the Interior, to undertake activities to inform the greatest
possible number of potential claimants of the opportunity to
file a claim. These activities should include outreach to
organizations whose primary membership consists of former
residents of Guam. The Committee notes that such organizations
exist in the States of California, Washington, Texas, Nevada,
Hawaii, Arizona, and the greater Washington, DC area.
Subsection (b) describes the manner and form under which
claims are to be filed with and received by the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission. All claims shall be filed with the
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission within one year of the
notice published in the Federal Register. Decisions of the
Foreign Claims Settlement Commission on each claim shall be
determined by majority vote, shall be in writing, and shall
state the reasons for the approval or denial of the claim.
Other requirements are delineated with respect to deductions in
payments that are to be made in relation to any amounts
previously paid under the GMCA, the appeals process, the
certification of payment process, and penalties for submission
of a false claim.
Section 5. Grants program to memorialize the occupation of Guam during
World War II
Section 5 authorizes a grants program for research,
educational and media activities to memorialize the events
surrounding the occupation of Guam during World War II. The
Secretary of the Interior is provided the authority to award
such grants.
Section 6. Authorization of appropriations
Subsection (a) authorizes $126,000,000 to carry out
sections 3 and 4.
Subsection (b) authorizes $5,000,000 to carry out section
5.
COMMITTEE OVERSIGHT FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Regarding clause 2(b)(1) of rule X and clause 3(c)(1) of
rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives, the
Committee on Natural Resources' oversight findings and
recommendations are reflected in the body of this report.
CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY STATEMENT
Article IV, section 3, of the Constitution of the United
States grants the power of Congress over territory and other
national property to enact this bill.
COMPLIANCE WITH HOUSE RULE XIII
1. Cost of Legislation. Clause 3(d)(2) of rule XIII of the
Rules of the House of Representatives requires an estimate and
a comparison by the Committee of the costs which would be
incurred in carrying out this bill. However, clause 3(d)(3)(B)
of that rule provides that this requirement does not apply when
the Committee has included in its report a timely submitted
cost estimate of the bill prepared by the Director of the
Congressional Budget Office under section 402 of the
Congressional Budget Act of 1974.
2. Congressional Budget Act. As required by clause 3(c)(2)
of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of Representatives and
section 308(a) of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974, this
bill does not contain any new budget authority, spending
authority, credit authority, or an increase or decrease in
revenues or tax expenditures.
3. General Performance Goals and Objectives. As required by
clause 3(c)(4) of rule XIII, the general performance goal or
objective of this bill is to implement the recommendations of
the Guam War Claims Review Commission, as ordered reported.
4. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate. Under clause
3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of
Representatives and section 403 of the Congressional Budget Act
of 1974, the Committee has received the following cost estimate
for this bill from the Director of the Congressional Budget
Office:
H.R. 1595--Guam World War II Loyalty Recognition Act
Summary: H.R. 1595 would authorize the appropriation of
$126 million for the federal government to compensate Guam
residents for their mistreatment during the island's occupation
by Japanese military forces during World War II. The
legislation also would authorize the appropriation of $5
million for a grant program to memorialize the occupation of
Guam during World War II.
CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 1595 would cost about
$130 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation
of the authorized amounts. Enacting the legislation could
increase revenues from civil and criminal penalties and direct
spending of any collections, but CBO estimates that any amounts
collected or spent would be negligible.
H.R. 1595 contains no intergovernmental mandates as defined
in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) and would impose no
costs on state, local, or tribal governments.
H.R. 1595 contains a private-sector mandate, as defined in
UMRA, on individuals seeking to represent certain claimants who
are eligible to receive money from the Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission (FCSC). The bill would limit the amount
of compensation individuals can receive to represent claimants
who file for claims with the FCSC under this bill. CBO
estimates, however, that the cost would be minimal, if any, and
would fall well below the annual threshold established by UMRA
($131 million in 2007, adjusted annually for inflation).
Estimated cost to the Federal Government: The estimated
budgetary impact of H.R. 1595 is shown in the following table.
The costs of this legislation fall within budget function 800
(general government).
------------------------------------------------------------------------
By fiscal year, in millions of
dollars--
---------------------------------------
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHANGES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION
Guam War-Claim Compensation
Payments
Estimated Authorization 100 26 0 0 0
Level......................
Estimated Outlays........... 80 40 6 0 0
Grant Program
Estimated Authorization 5 0 0 0 0
Level......................
Estimated Outlays........... 1 1 1 1 1
Total Changes
Estimated Authorization 105 26 0 0 0
Level..................
Estimated Outlays....... 81 41 7 1 1
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basis of estimate: For this estimate, CBO assumes that the
bill will be enacted by the end of fiscal year 2007, that the
authorized amounts will be provided each year, and that
spending will follow historical patterns for similar programs.
Spending subject to appropriation
CBO estimates that implementing H.R. 1595 would cost about
$130 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation
of the authorized amounts.
Guam War-Claim Compensation Payments. H.R. 1595 would
authorize the appropriation of $126 million for the Department
of the Treasury to make compensation payments to the residents
of Guam for deaths and injuries suffered during the Japanese
occupation of the island in World War II. The Foreign Claims
Settlement Commission, an agency within the Department of
Justice, would adjudicate such claims including promulgating
rules and regulations as well as publicizing the program.
Grant Program. Section 5 would authorize the appropriation
of $5 million for the Department of the Interior to establish a
grant program to support activities in memory of Guam's
occupation during World War II.
Direct spending and revenues
H.R. 1595 would establish civil and criminal penalties for
false claims related to deaths and injuries suffered during the
Japanese occupation of Guam during World War II. Thus, the
federal government might collect additional fines if the bill
is enacted. Collections of civil fines are recorded as revenues
and deposited in the Treasury; collections of criminal fines
are deposited in the Crime Victims Fund and later spent. CBO
expects that any additional revenues and direct spending from
enacting those provisions would be negligible.
Estimated impact on State, local, and tribal governments:
H.R. 1595 contains no intergovernmental mandates as defined in
UMRA and would impose no costs on State, local, or tribal
governments.
Estimated impact on the private sector: H.R. 1595 contains
a private-sector mandate as defined in UMRA. The bill would
limit the fees payable to attorneys or others seeking to
represent individuals who file a claim to receive money from
the FCSC under this bill. Specifically, section 4(b)6 would
limit fees for representational services to not more than 1
percent of the amount that the claimant is paid. The limitation
on representational fees is a private-sector mandate as defined
in UMRA. Because the claimants in this program would be a new
source of business generated under the bill, representatives
would not lose fees that they could have collected in the
absence of the bill. CBO therefore estimates that the cost to
comply with the mandate would be minimal, if any, and would
fall well below the annual threshold established by UMRA ($131
million in 2007, adjusted annually for inflation).
Estimate prepared by: Federal costs: Matthew Pickford;
Impact on State, local, and tribal governments: Marjorie
Miller; Impact on the private sector: Jacob Kuipers.
Estimate approved by: Peter H. Fontaine, Deputy Assistant
Director for Budget Analysis.
COMPLIANCE WITH PUBLIC LAW 104-4
This bill contains no unfunded mandates.
EARMARK STATEMENT
H.R. 1595 does not contain any congressional earmarks,
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in
clause 9(d), 9(e) or (f) of rule XXI.
PREEMPTION OF STATE, LOCAL OR TRIBAL LAW
This bill is not intended to preempt any State, local, or
tribal law.
CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW
If enacted, this bill would make no changes in existing
law.
<all>