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1H-NMR METABONOMICS ANALYSIS OF SERA DIFFERENTIATES BETWEEN MAMMARY TUMOR-BEARING MICE AND HEALTHY CONTROLS |
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Global analysis of 1H-NMR spectra of serum is an appealing approach for the rapid detection of cancer. To evaluate the usefulness of this method in distinguishing between mammary t...
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2005 CANCER GUIDELINES AND EARLY-LIFE SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDANCE |
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The following presentation comes from a workshop at the 2005 Toxicology Conference. They are available so that people who were not able to attend this conference might also benefi...
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4-AMINOBIPHENYL & DNA REACTIVITY: CASE STUDY WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE 2006 IPCS HUMAN RELEVANCE FRAMEWORK FOR ANALYSIS OF A CANCER MODE OF ACTION FOR HUMANS |
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The IPCS Human Relevance Framework was evaluated for a DNA-reactive (genotoxic) carcinogen, 4-aminobiphenyl, based on a wealth of data in animals and humans. The mode of action inv...
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7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE-DEOXYRIBONUCLEOSIDE ADDUCT FORMATION 'IN VIVO': EVIDENCE FOR THE FORMATION AND BINDING OF A MONOHYDROXYMETHYL-DMBA (DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE) METABOLITE TO RAT LIVER DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID) |
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The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is a potent carcinogen to the female Sprague-Dawley rat, and when administered under conditions that hav...
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7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE-DNA ADDUCTS IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY AND LONG-EVANS FEMALE RATS: THE RELATIONSHIP OF DNA ADDUCTS TO MAMMARY CANCER |
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7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) is a powerful carcinogen to the mammary gland of the pubescent female Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rat but is a much less potent inducer of mammary a...
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A BIOLOGICALLY BASED MODEL FOR THE HORMONAL CONTROL OF THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE |
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Recent studies suggest that environmental substances that mimic endogenous estrogens (eg. estradiol) may disrupt the endocrine system. While high-level exposures to estrogenic subs...
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A BIOLOGICALLY BASED RISK ASSESSMENT FOR VINYL ACETATE-INDUCED CANCER AND NON-CANCER INHALATION TOXICITY. (R828610) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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A CASE STUDY OF CANCER DATA SET COMBINATIONS FOR PCBS |
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Results of several animal bioassays have demonstrated the carcinogenic potential of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures. Although PCBs are no longer manufactured, cancer risk a...
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A COMPARATIVE REVIEW OF THE GENOTOXICANTS FOUND IN AMBIENT AIR |
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Although research efforts have associated the induction of cancer in man and in experimental animals with exposure to airborne substances for a long time, major insights into the s...
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A CONCISE REVIEW OF THE TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY OF DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID |
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Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) has been used as an herbicide (cacodylic acid) and is the major metabolite formed after exposure to tri- (arsenite) or pentavalent (arsenate) inorganic a...
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A CONSISTENT APPROACH FOR THE APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling provides important capabilities for improving the reliability of the extrapolations across dose, species, and exposure route t...
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A CONSUMER'S GUIDE TO BENCHMARK DOSE MODELS: RESULTS OF U.S. EPA TESTING OF 14 DICHOTOMOUS, 8 CONTINUOUS, AND 6 DEVELOPMENTAL MODELS |
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Benchmark dose risk assessment software (BMDS) was designed by EPA to generate dose-response curves and facilitate the analysis, interpretation and synthesis of toxicological data....
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A MULTIPLE-PURPOSE DESIGN APPROACH TO THE EVALUATION OF RISKS FROM COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPS) |
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Drinking water disinfection has effectively eliminated much of the morbidity and mortality associated with waterborne infectious diseases in the United States. Various disinfection...
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A NATIONWIDE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT OCCURRENCE STUDY - IDENTIFICATION OF NEW AND TOXICOLOGICALLY SIGNIFICANT COMPOUNDS WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants, such as chlorine, react with natural organic matter and bromide present in the water. Chloroform was ...
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A NONADDITITIVE TUMOR RESPONSE TO A MIXTURE OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Current default risk assessments for chemical mixtures assume additivity of carcinogenic effects, but this may not be consistent with the actual biological response. We used a rode...
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A NOVEL CELL LINE THAT STABLY EXPRESSES AN ANDROGEN RESPONSIVE LUCIFERASE REPORTER FOR THE DETECTION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR (AR) AGONIST AND ANTAGONISTS |
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The use of in vitro assays to screen chemicals for estrogen receptor (ER) and AR mediated actions is being evaluated by the USEPA for use in a Tier I screening battery to detect en...
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A NOVEL CELL LINE THAT STABLY EXPRESSES AN ANDROGEN RESPONSIVE LUCIFERASE REPORTER FOR THE DETECTION OF ANDROGEN RECEPTOR (AR) AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS |
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The use of in vitro assays to screen chemicals for estrogen receptor (ER) and AR mediated actions is being evaluated by the USEPA for use in a Tier I screening battery to detect en...
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A NOVEL CELL LINE, MDA-KB2, THAT STABLY EXPRESSES AN ANDROGEN AND GLUCOCORTICOID RESPONSIVE REPORTER FOR THE DETECTION OF HORMONE RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed that in vitro assays for estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) mediated actions be included in a Tier I screening ...
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A NOVEL EFFECT OF DIOXIN: EXPOSURE DURING PREGNANCY SEVERELY IMPAIRS MAMMARY GLAND DIFFERENTIATION |
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A novel effect of dioxin: Exposure during pregnancy severely impairs mammary gland differentiation.
Beth A. Vorderstrasse1, Suzanne E. Fenton2, Andrea A. Bohn3, Jennifer A. Cun...
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A NUMERICAL SOLUTION TO THE NONHOMOGENEOUS TWO-STAGE MVK MODEL OF CANCER |
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The article developes a method for solving the equations of the two-stage MVK model for cancer that can be implemented relatively easily for the case where variables in the model c...
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A PERSPECTIVE ON THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS FOR ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTIVE EFFECTS ON WILDLIFE AND HUMAN HEALTH |
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The topic of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) presents significant issues to the risk assessment process. . . We have a working definition of an EDC, that provides a starting ...
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A PROBABILISTIC SURVEY OF FISH TISSUE CONTAMINATION FROM THE CONTINENTAL SHELF OF THE US WEST COAST |
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A probabilistic survey of environmental condition of the continental shelf of the US West Coast was conducted in 2003 by the US EPA National Coastal Assessment (NCA), with collabor...
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A REVIEW OF THE GENETIC AND RELATED EFFECTS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN RODENTS AND HUMANS |
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In this paper, the metabolism and genetic toxicity of 1,3-butadiene (BD) and its oxidative metabolites in humans and rodents is reviewed with attention to newer data that have been...
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A REVIEW OF THE REFERENCE DOSE AND REFERENCE CONCENTRATION PROCESSES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The RfD/RfC Technical Panel was established in response to a request from the Agency's 10X Food Quality Protection Act Task Force to the Science Policy Council and the Risk Assessm...
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A SCREENING LEVEL RISK ASSESSMENT OF THE INDIRECT IMPACTS FROM THE COLUMBUS WASTE TO ENERGY FACILITY IN COLUMBUS, OHIO |
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Testing for emissions of dioxins from the stack of the Columbus, Ohio Waste to Energy (WTE) municipal solid waste combustion facility in 1992 implied that dioxin concentrations in ...
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A SENSITIVE IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE ASSAY FOR DETECTION OF P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATION IN SPUTUM |
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p53 mutations are common genetic alterations in lung cancers and usually result in p53 protein accumulation in tumor cells. Sputum is noninvasive to collect and ideal for screening...
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A SMALL FISH MULTI-ENDPOINT BIOASSAY FOR ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF WATER CONTAMINANTS PRESENT IN LOW CONCENTRATIONS: MEDAKA AND DICHLOROACETIC ACID |
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In regulating the safety of water under SDWA and the CWA, the EPA makes decisions on what chemical contaminants to regulate and at what levels. To make these decisions the EPA need...
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A TRIBUTE TO DR. WILLIAM PENN WATKINSON |
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Dr. William Penn Watkinson (known to colleagues as "Penn") of EPA¿s health research lab (National Health and Environmental Research Laboratory) of Research Triangle Park, North Car...
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A TWO-YEAR DOSE-RESPONSE STUDY OF LESION SEQUENCES DURING HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOGENESIS IN THE MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE GIVEN THE DRINKING WATER CHEMICAL DICHLOROACETIC ACID |
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ABSTRACT
Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is carcinogenic to the B6C3F 1 mouse and the F344 rat. Given the carcinogenic potential of DCA in rodent liver, and the known concentr...
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ABERRANT PROMOTER METHYLATION OF MULTIPLE GENES IN SPUTUM FROM INDIVIDUALS EXPOSED TO SMOKY COAL EMISSIONS |
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Aberrant methylation in the promoter region of cancer-related genes leads to gene transcriptional inactivation and plays an integral role in lung tumorigenesis. Recent studies demo...
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ACCOUNTING FOR INACCURACIES IN POPULATION COUNTS AND CASE REGISTRATION IN CANCER MAPPING STUDIES. (R825173) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ACTIVATION OF AP-1 IN UROTSA CELLS BY METHYLATED ARSENICALS |
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ACTIVATION OF AP-1 IN UROTSA CELLS BY METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS. Z Drobna1, I Jaspers2, D J Thomas3 and M Styblo1. 1Department of Pediatrics; 2Center for Environmental Medici...
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ADJUSTMENT OF INCIDENCE RATES FOR MIGRATION IN INDIRECT ECOLOGIC STUDIES |
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The overall objective of this research program was to develop a method for adjusting incidence rates for migration in studies relating environmental agents to diseases with long la...
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AGE-RELATED GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS INDUCED BY MMS |
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Age-Related Gene Expression Changes In Human Skin Fibroblasts Induced By methyl methanesulfonate. Geremy W. Knapp, Alan H. Tennant, and Russell D. Owen. Environmental Carcinogenesi...
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AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY/PESTICIDE EXPOSURE STUDY: STUDY DESIGN AND PRELIMINARY BIOMARKER RESULTS |
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The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a collaborative effort between the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and the U.S. Environ...
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AI AND SAR APPROACHES FOR PREDICTING CHEMICAL CARCINOGENICITY: SURVEY AND STATUS REPORT |
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A wide variety of artificial intelligence (AI) and structure-activity relationship (SAR approaches have been applied to tackling the general problem of predicting rodent chemical ...
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AIR LEVELS OF CARCINOGENIC POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS FOLLOWING THE WORLD TRADE CENTER DISASTER |
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The catastrophic collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) on September 11, 2001, created an immense dust cloud followed by fires that emitted soot into the air of New York City (NY...
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AIR TOXICS CONTROL "SITUATION ROOM" |
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The paper describes one component of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) efforts to assist state and local environmental agencies and its own egional offices in response ...
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AIR TOXICS DEVELOPMENT AT EPA |
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The paper gives an overview of research activities in EPA's Air and Energy Engineering Research Laboratory, including the identification, assessment, and control of sources of vola...
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AIRBORNE ASBESTOS HEALTH ASSESSMENT UPDATE |
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Recent data from population studies strengthened the association of asbestos with disease. Lung cancer and mesothelioma are the most important asbestos-related causes of death. The...
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AIRBORNE CARCINOGENS |
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Air pollution has been recognized as a cancer risk for many years. ore than 2,800 different chemicals have been identified in the air or emission sources. nly about 10% of these ch...
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AIRWAY CELL AND NUCLEAR DEPTH DISTRIBUTION IN HUMAN RAT LUNGS |
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To predict the critical cells that are subject to injury from inhaled radon and other alpha particle sources it is necessary to calculate the dose absorbed by the different cells i...
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AJE invited commentary: Measuring social disparities in health - what was the question again? |
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Monitoring social disparities in health is not a straightforward project. Defining what constitutes a disparity is challenging, and multiple measures have been proposed to track ch...
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ALPHA2U-GLOBULIN: ASSOCIATION WITH CHEMICALLY INDUCED RENAL TOXICITY AND NEOPLASIA IN THE MALE RAT |
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This report describes conditions under which EPA's Risk Assessment Forum advises EPA risk assessors against using information on certain renal tubule tumors or nephrotoxicity to as...
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ALPHA2U-GLOBULIN: ASSOCIATION WITH CHEMICALLY INDUCED TOXICITY AND NEOPLASIA IN THE MALE RAT |
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This report of a Technical Panel of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Risk Assessment Forum describes conditions under which the Forum advises EPA risk assessors again...
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ALTERATIONS IN A11 TRANS RETINOIC ACID METABOLISM IN LIVER MICROSOMES FROM MICE TREATED WITH HEPATOTUMORIGENIC AND NON-HEPATOTUMORIGENIC CONAZOLES |
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Conazoles are fungicides used in crop protection and as pharmaceuticals. Triadimefon and propiconazole are hepatotumorigenic in mice, while myclobutanil is not. Previous toxicogeno...
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ALTERED GENE EXPRESSION IN MOUSE LIVERS AFTER DICHLOROACETIC ACID EXPOSURE |
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Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a major by-product of water disinfection by chlorination. Several studies have demonstrated that DCA exhibits hepatocarcinogenic effects in rodents whe...
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ALTERNATE PATHWAY TO LUNG CANCER INDICATED BY KRAS AND P53 MUTATIONS IN NONSMOKERS EXPOSED TO INDOOR SMOKY COAL EMISSIONS |
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Alternate Pathway to Lung Cancer Indicated by KRAS and P53 Mutations in Nonsmokers Exposed to Indoor Smoky Coal Emissions
Use of smoky coal in unvented homes in Xuan Wei Co...
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AN AIR QUALITY DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR INTERRELATING EFFECTS, STANDARDS, AND NEEDED SOURCE REDUCTIONS: PART 13. APPLYING THE EPA PROPOSED GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT TO A SET OF ASBESTOS LUNG CANCER MORTALITY DATA |
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The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA-90) list 189 hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for which "safe" ambient concentrations are to be determined. For a carcinogen, such as as...
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AN ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY (ELISA) FOR DETERMINING DIOXINS IN SEDIMENT AND SOIL SAMPLES |
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The dioxins comprise a family of compounds chemically referred to as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The most toxic of these co...
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AN EVALUATION OF THE HUMAN CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF ETHYLENE GLYCOL BUTYL ETHER (EGBE) |
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Background
The position paper, "An Evaluation of the Human Carcinogenic Potential of Ethyle...
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AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION INTO THE EFFECT OF PROCESS CONDITIONS ON THE MASS CONCENTRATION OF CUTTING FLUID MIST IN TURNING. (R825370C057) |
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Cutting fluid mists that are generated during machining processes represent a significant waste stream as well as a health hazard to humans. Epidemiological studies have shown a...
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AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT AND CURRENT PRACTICES WORLDWIDE |
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Environmental life cycle management looks at products, processes, and activities by recognizing all the "cradle to grave" stages that are involved and identifying where potential e...
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AN INTEGRATED RESEARCH AGENDA TO EVALUATE TAP WATER DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS AND HUMAN HEALTH: PART 1 |
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An Integrated Research Agenda to Evaluate Tap Water Disinfection Byproducts and Human Health: Part I
Michele Lynberg1, David Ashley 2, Pauline Mendola3, J. R. Nuckols4, Ken...
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AN OVERVIEW OF HEALTH ISSUES FOR FUEL OXYGENATES |
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Oxygenates (e.g., methyl tertiary butyl ether [MTBE], ethanol) are required in gasoline in certain areas of the United Stated by the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments and have also bee...
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AN OVERVIEW OF INDOOR RADON RISK REDUCTION IN THE UNITED STATES |
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The paper presents an overview of indoor radon risk reduction in the U.S. EPA currently estimates that 15,000-20,000 Americans die each year fromradon-induced lung cancer. his esti...
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AN OVERVIEW OF THE ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF PROBABILISTIC EXPOSURE AND RISK ASSESSMENT METHODS USED IN EVALUATING HEALTH IMPACTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS |
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Human exposures to environmental pollutants widely vary depending on the emission patterns that result in microenvironmental pollutant concentrations, as well as behavioral factors...
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AN UPDATE ON SOME ARSENIC PROGRAMS AT THE US EPA |
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An Update on Some Arsenic Projects at the United States
Environmental Protection Agency*
Charles O. Abernathy1, Michael Beringer2, Rebecca L Calderon3,
...
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ANALYSIS OF 2,3,7,8-TCDD TUMOR PROMOTION ACTIVITY AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO CANCER |
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2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has a high estimated cancer potency in animals which has been reasoned to imply that TCDD might be carcinogenic to man. The animal cancer...
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ANALYSIS OF BENZO(A)PYRENE-INDUCED DNA ADDUCTS IN MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HSP70 EXPRESSION |
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Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene-induced DNA adducts in MCF-7 breast cancer cells with
different levels of HSP7O expression.
L.C. King1, L.D. Adams1, E.Winkfield1, J.A. Barnes2, S....
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ANALYSIS OF CASE-CONTROL DATA WITH COVARIATE MEASUREMENT ERROR: APPLICATION TO DIET AND COLON CANCER |
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We propose a method for estimating odds ratios from case-control data in which ovariates are subject to mesurement error. he mesurement error may contain both a random component an...
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ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS FROM RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS FURNACES |
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The paper gives emissions data from residential natural-gas furnaces and compares selected data to emissions data from residential oil furnaces and woodstoves. atural-gas furnace e...
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ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL FURNACES |
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The paper gives results of a series of emission tests on a residential oil furnace to determine emissions from two types of burners. umber of analyses were performed on the emissio...
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ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS FROM RESIDENTIAL OIL FURNACES AND COMPARISON WITH WOODSTOVE EMISSIONS |
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The paper gives results of a series of emission tests on a residential oil furnace to determine emissions from two types of burners. A number of analyses were performed on the emis...
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ANALYSIS OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO DNA STRAND BREAKS INDUCED BY TRIHALOMETHANES (THMS) |
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Analysis of In Vitro and In Vivo DNA Strand Breaks Induced by Trihalomethanes (TRMs)
The THMs are the most widely distributed and the most concentrated of the cWorine disin...
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ANALYSIS OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO DNA STRAND BREAKS FROM TRIHALOMETHANE EXPOSURE |
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Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of two major causes of human mortality, colorectal an...
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ANALYSIS OF PRENEOPLASTIC AND NEOPLASTIC RENAL LESIONS IN TSC2 MUTANT LONG-EVANS (EKER) RATS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Abstract
Disinfection of surface water for human consumption results in the generation of a complex mixture of chemicals in potable water. Cancer risk assessment meth...
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ANALYSIS OF SOLID CANCER INCIDENCE AMONG ATOMIC BOMB SURVIVORS USING A TWO-STAGE MODEL OF CARCINOGENESIS. (R824762) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ANALYSIS OF THE GENE-TOX CARCINOGEN DATA BASE (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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The Gene-Tox Carcinogen Data Base is an evaluated source of cancer data on 506 chemicals, selected, in part, for their previous assessment in genetic toxicology bioassays. The data...
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ANALYSIS OF THE SPECTRA OF GENETIC ACTIVITY PRODUCED BY KNOWN OR SUSPECTED HUMAN CARCINOGENS |
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For 24 agents classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as known or suspected human carcinogens, we previously catalogued the qualitative genetic bioassay data ...
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ANALYZING COHORT MORTALITY DATA |
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Several methods for analyzing data from mortality studies of occupationally or environmentally exposed cohorts are shown to be special cases of a single procedure. The procedure as...
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APOPTOSIS GENE EXPRESSION IN HUMAN EPDERMAL KERATINOCYTES TREATED WITH SODIUM ARSENITE USING REAL TIME PCR ARRAY |
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Arsenic exposure via contaminated drinking water is a great public health concern worldwide. Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with human skin, lung and bladder cancer a...
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APPLICATION OF A SIMPLE CIRCULATING MARKER OF OXIDATIVE STRESS FOR CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES |
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Biomarker development has improved our ability to detect early changes at the molecular, cellular and pre-clinical level that are often predictive of adverse cancer and non cancer ...
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APPROACHES TO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR MULTIPLE CHEMICAL EXPOSURES |
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The Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (ECAO) in Cincinnati has developed health risk assessment methods for chronic exposure to single chemical from a single route of ex...
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ARE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES TO CHLOROPHENOXY HERBICIDES ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASE IN ADVERSE HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS? |
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Background: Associations between adverse health effects and environmental exposures are difficult to study because exposures may be widespread, low-dose in nature, and common thro...
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ARE THERE CARCINOGENS IN WATER FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION? AN EPIDEMIOLOGIST'S VIEWPOINT |
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Carcinogenesis is a complex and dynamic interaction of host and environment. Important host factors include genetic constitution and health status. Among environmental factors, die...
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ARSENIC |
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The report is an in-depth study that attempts to assemble, organize, and interpret present-day information on arsenic and its compounds, and the effects of these substances on man,...
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ARSENIC - SUSCEPTIBILITY & IN UTERO EFFECTS |
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Exposure to inorganic arsenic remains a serious public health problem at many locations worldwide. If has often been noted that prevalences of signs and symptoms of chronic arsen...
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ARSENIC EFFECTS ON TELOMERE AND TELOMERASE ACTIVITY |
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Arsenic effects on telomere and telomerase activity. T-C. Zhang, M. T. Schmitt, J. Mo, J. L. Mumford, National Research Council and U.S Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, Res...
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ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER: EPIDEMIOOOGIC STUDIES OF LOW EXPOSURE IN THE UNITED STATES |
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Because there is no animal model fully adequate to study the mechanisms of arsenic toxicity and carcinogenicity; human epidemiological studies incorporating sensitive biomarkers ...
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ARSENIC IS A GENOTOXIC CARCINOGEN -- ACTING AS A CLASTOGEN AND A MITOTIC INHIBITOR |
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Introduction
The ability of arsenic to induce cancer in humans is beyond dispute. How arsenic induces cancer is the subject of much conjecture. Various modes of ...
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ARSENIC MODE OF ACTION AND DEVELOPING A BBDR MODEL |
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The current USEPA cancer risk assessment for inorganic arsenic is based on a linear extrapolation of the epidemiological data from exposed populations in Taiwan. However, proposed ...
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ARSENIC SEPARATION FROM WATER USING ZEOLITES |
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Arsenic is known to be a hazardous contaminant in drinking water. The presence of arsenic in water supplies has been linked to arsenical dermatosis and skin cancer . Zeolites are w...
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ARSENIC SEPARATION FROM WATER USING ZEOLITES: SYMPOSIUM |
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NRMRL-ADA-01134
Shevade, S, Ford*, R., and Puls*, R.W. "Arsenic Separation from Water Using Zeolites." In: 222nd ACS National Meeting, ACS Environmental Chemistry Division Sympo...
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ARSENIC SPECIES CAUSE RELEASE OF IRON FROM FERRITIN GENERATING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES |
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ARSENIC SPECIES CAUSE RELEASE OF IRON FROM FERRITIN GENERATING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Arsenic-associated cancer (lung, bladder, skin, liver, kidney) remains a significant ...
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ARSENIC SPECIES CAUSE RELEASE OF IRON FROM FERRITIN GENERATING REACTIVIE OXYGEN SPECIES |
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ARSENIC SPECIES. CAUSE RELEASE OF IRON , FROM FERRITIN GENERATING REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES
Arsenic-associated cancer (lung, bladder, skin, liver, kidney) remains a significa...
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ARSENIC: CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS, RISK ASSESSMENT AND THE MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVEL (MCL) |
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This workshop will provide an up-to-date overview on key issues related to cancer risk assessment of arsenic: carcinogenic mechanisms; application of mechanistic information to...
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ASBESTOS AND GASTRO-INTESTINAL CANCER: CELL CULTURE STUDIES |
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Three forms of asbestos: amosite, crocidolite, and chrysotile, were assayed for their cytotoxicity and mutagenicity in cell clture. Using embjryonic human intestine derived and adu...
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ASBESTOS CEMENT PIPE AND CANCER IN CONNECTICUT 1955-1974 |
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The associations of the use of asbestos-cement (A/C) pipe in public potable water distribution systems with changes in Connecticut cancer incidence rates were analyzed. Eight measu...
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ASBESTOS EXPOSURE AND GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCY REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS |
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The epidemiologic literature linking asbestos exposure with gastrointestinal malignancy is reviewed. roblems in comparing studies are discussed, appropriate strategies for comparis...
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ASBESTOS IN DRINKING WATER AND CANCER IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA: 1969-1974 INCIDENCE |
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The relationship between ingested asbestos (through drinking water) and cancer of various body sites was examined. This study was a follow-up to another article that investigated t...
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ASBESTOS IN DRINKING WATER AND CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA |
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Age-adjusted, sex- and race-specific 1969-1971 cancer incidence ratios for the 722 census tracts of the San Francisco-Oakland Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area were compared w...
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ASSESSING ARSENIC EXPOSURE AND SKIN HYPERKERATOSIS IN INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA |
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Arsenic is a known human carcinogen. The inorganic forms, especially arsenite (As+3), are believed to be the most toxic species. Methylation is often considered to be the
deto...
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ASSESSING CHILDREN'S EXPOSURES TO THE WOOD PRESERVATIVE CCA (CHROMATED COPPER ARSENATE) ON TREATED PLAYSETS AND DECKS |
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Concerns have been raised regarding the safety of young children contacting arsenic and chromium residues while playing on and around Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) treated wood...
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ASSESSING ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICAL EXPOSURE IN INDIGENOUS AQUATIC POPULATIONS IN THE OHIO RIVER |
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The NERL has launched a collaborative study with the ORSANCO to determine the degree of ecologically relevant endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) exposure in the New Cumberland Poo...
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ASSESSING EXPOSURE CLASSIFICATION IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a prospective epidemiologic study examining cancer and non-cancer health outcomes for over 55,000 pesticide applicators and 34,000 spouses in...
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ASSESSING INDOOR AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE AND LUNG CANCER RISK IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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This report presents risk assessment-related aspects of a multidisciplinary study of indoor coal smoke po1lution and lung cancer in Xuan Wei County, Yunnan Province, China. uan Wei...
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ASSESSING MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF THREE TOXICOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT CONAZOLES BASED ON PATHWAY ANALYSIS OF MOUSE LIVER TRANSCRIPTOMES |
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The present study was designed to identify the underlying molecular mechanism for the induction of mouse liver tumors by structurally-related conazoles. CD-1 mice were treated with...
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ASSESSING SUSCEPTIBILITY FROM EARLY-LIFE EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS |
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Cancer risks from childhood exposures to chemicals are generally analyzed using methods based upon exposure from adults, which assumes chemicals are equally potent for inducing ris...
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ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID (DCA) USING A MULTI-ENDPOINT MEDAKA ASSAY |
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In regulating the safety of water, EPA makes decisions on what chemical contaminants to regulate and at what levels. To make these decisions, the EPA needs hazard identification a...
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ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL VARIATION OF RISKS IN SMALL POPULATION |
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Often environmental hazards are assessed by examining the spatial variation of disease specific mortality or morbidity rates, which when estimated for small populations, can have a...
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ASSESSMENT OF THE CARCINOGENICITY OF DICOFOL (KELTHANE (TRADE NAME)), DDT, DDE, AND DDD (TDE) |
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The carcinogenic activity of the pesticides dicofol and associated pesticide compounds DDT, DDE, and DDD are reviewed. All of these compounds exhibit carcinogenic activity in surro...
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ASSESSMENT OF THYROID FOLLICULAR CELL TUMORS |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) conducts risk assessments on chemicals for carcinogenicity under the guidance provided in its cancer risk assessment guidelines ...
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ASSIGNED SHARES IN COMPENSATION FOR RADIATION-RELATED CANCERS |
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The preparation of radioepidemiologic tables requires extensive mathematical modeling because matters such as sex, size of dose, age at exposure, type of cancer, and age at diagnos...
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ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CANCER MORTALITY AND WHEAT ACREAGE AS A SURROGATE FOR CHLOROPHENOXY HERBICIDES IN COUNTIES OF OUR NORTHERN STATES |
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Chlorophenoxy herbicides which have endocrine disrupting properties, are used widely both in cereal grain agriculture and in non-agricultural settings, such as right-of-ways, lawns...
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AUTOIMMUNITY AS A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF PROTACTIN-INDUCED PROSTATITIS |
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AUTOIMMUNITY AS A POSSIBLE MECHANISM OF PROLACTIN-INDUCED PROSTATITIS. RW Luebke, CB Copeland, and LR Bishop. US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC
Stoker et al. reported inf...
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AVERAGE ANNUAL SOLAR UV DOSE OF THE CONTINENTAL US CITIZEN |
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The average annual solar UV dose of US citizens is not known, but is required for relative risk assessments of skin cancer from UV-emitting devices. We solved this problem using ...
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Analysis of the Sensitivity and Uncertainty in 2-Stage Clonal Growth Models for Formaldehyde with Relevance to Other Biologically-Based Dose Response (BBDR) Models |
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The National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) has conducted and supported research addressing uncertainties in 2-stage clonal growth models for cancer as applied to forma...
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Are environmental exposures to chlorophenoxy herbicides associated with adverse human health effects? |
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Background: Exposures to environmental pollutants are suspected of playing a role in the observed increases of many diseases. However, it is difficult to establish a firm link be...
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Atmospherically deposited PBDEs, pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs in Western US National Park fish: Concentrations and consumption guidelines |
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Concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were measured in 136 fish from 14 remot...
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BASIC EPIDEMIOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR EVALUATING ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN THE DISINFECTION OF DRINKING WATER AND CANCER IN HUMAN POPULATIONS |
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This discussion concerns the basic epidemiologic considerations for evaluating studies which have reported associations between the disinfection of drinking water and cancer in hum...
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BATTERY POWERED PM-10 INDOOR AIR SAMPLERS APPLIED TO UNVENTED THIRD WORLD RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION SOURCES |
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The paper discusses a battery-powered PM-10 indoor air sampler applied to unvented Third World residential combustion sources. (NOTE: Specialized PM-10 sampling systems have been d...
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BENCHMARK DOSE TECHNICAL GUIDANCE DOCUMENT |
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The U.S. EPA conducts risk assessments for an array of health effects that may result from exposure to environmental agents, and that require an analysis of the relationship betwee...
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BETA-ADRENOCEPTOR SIGNALING AND ITS CONTROL OF CELL REPLICATION IN MDA-MB-231 HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS. (U915722) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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BINDING OF CARCINOGENS TO DNA AND COVALENT ADDUCTS DNA DAMAGE - PAH, AROMATIC AMINES, NITRO-AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, AND HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS |
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DNA adducts are the covalent addition products resulting from binding of reactive chemical species to DNA bases. The cancer initiating role of DNA adducts is well-established, and ...
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BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF THREE CARCINOGENIC CHLORINATED METHANES IN RAT LIVER |
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Three chlorinated methanes, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and methylene chloride known to cause liver tumors in rodents, were given by oral gavage to adult female rats both 21 a...
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BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES ON THE DUNGENESS CRAB |
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The toxicity of nine pesticides to various life history stages of the Dungeness crab, Cancer magister, was examined to establish the most sensitive life stage of the crab, and the ...
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BIOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CANCER EXPLORED TO IMPROVE RISK ASSESSEMENT |
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Cancer research at EPA is advancing understanding of how a group of air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) cause cancer in experimental animals. The research also ...
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BIOLOGICALLY BASED CANCER MODELLING. (R824762) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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BIOLOGICALLY BASED DOSE RESPONSE MODELS FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Present risk assessment procedures for non-cancer endpoints generally rely on the determination of No Observed Adverse Effects Levels (NOAELS) in animal models followed by the appl...
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BIOMARKER ASSAYS IN NIPPLE APIRATE FLUID |
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ABSTRACT
The noninvasive technique of nipple aspiration as a potential source of biomarkers of breast cancer risk was evaluated. The feasibility of performing mutagenesis a...
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BIOMONITORING OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS |
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Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with several disease processes in humans, including cancer, asthma, diabetes, and cardiac disease. We have explored...
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BIOTRANSFORMATION AND GENOTOXICITY OF THE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BYPRODUCT BROMODICHLOROMETHANE: DNA BINDING MEDIATED BY GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE THETA 1-1 |
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The drinking water disinfection byproduct bromodichloromethane (CHBrCl2) was
previously shown to be mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium that overexpress rat glutathione
trans...
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BIRTH DEFECTS IN FOUR U.S. WHEAT-PRODUCING STATES |
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Birth Defects in Four U.S. Wheat - Producing States
Dina M. Schreinemachers, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U...
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BIRTH MALFORMATIONS AND OTHER ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN FOUR U.S. WHEAT PRODUCING STATES: RESPONSE |
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Chlorophenoxy herbicides are widely used in the U.S. and Western Europe for broadleaf weed control in grain farming and park maintenance. Most of the spring and durum wheat produce...
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BLADDER CANCER IN MASSACHUSETTS RELATED TO CHLORINATED AND CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY |
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Consumers of chlorinated drinking water have asmall excess of bladder cancer. Risk may have been underestimated because of confounding and misclassification of exposure status. To ...
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BOOK REVIEW: ARE YOU AN ADVOCATE, TACIT SUPPORTER, CRITICAL SKEPTIC, OR SILENT SKEPTIC? |
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"Silent Sperm," "You're not half the man your grandfather was," "Assault on the Male," "Gender Benders,"-perhaps no other public health concern has given rise to the number of memo...
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BROMATE-INDUCED TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHANGES IN LONG-EVANS RAT KIDNEYS |
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Bromate-Induced Transcriptional Changes in Long-Evans Rat Kidneys.
Ozone disinfection of surface waters containing bromide ion (Br-) results in the oxidation of bromide ...
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BYSTANDER EFFECTS GENOMIC INSTABILITY, ADAPTIVE RESPONSE AND CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR RADIAION AND CHEMICAL EXPOSURES |
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BYSTANDER EFFECTS, GENOMIC INSTABILITY, ADAPTIVE RESPONSE AND CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR RADIATION AND CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
R. Julian Preston
Environmental Carcinogenesis D...
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BYSTANDER EFFECTS, GENOMIC INSTABILITY, ADAPTIVE RESPONSE AND CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR RADIATION AND CHEMICAL EXPOSURES |
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There is an increased interest in utilizing mechanistic data in support of the cancer risk assessment process for ionizing radiation and environmental chemical exposures. In this r...
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BYSTANDERS, ADAPTIVE RESPONSES AND GENOMIC INSTABILITY - POTENTIAL MODIFIERS OF LOW-DOSE CANCER RESPONSES. |
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Bystanders, Adaptive Responses and Genomic Instability -Potential Modifiers ofLow-Dose
Cancer Responses
.
There has been a concerted effort in the field of radiation biolo...
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CADMIUM AS A RESPIRATORY TOXICANT |
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Cadmium is a major respiratory toxicant as evidenced by numerous human and animal studies. Controlled animal inhalation studies provide supporting evidence to the associations obse...
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CANCER AND DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS |
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ABSTRACT
Developing organisms have been shown to have increased susceptibility to cancer if exposed to environmental toxicants during rapid growth and differentiation. Human ...
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CANCER BIOMARKERS IN HUMAN ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS: DETECTION OF DNA ADDUCTS |
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Since somatic mutations are suspected to contribute to the pathogenesis not only of cancer but also of atherosclerotic plaques, we measured DNA adducts in the smooth muscle layer o...
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CANCER DOSE-RESPONSE MODELS INCORPORATING CLONAL EXPANSION |
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Under the assumption that a malignant tumor develops through a sequence of steps (normal cells - initiated cells/foci - nodules - tumors) two classes of mathematical models of carc...
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CANCER GUIDELINES IMPLEMENTATION: SETTING PRIORITIES FOR FUTURE ASSESSMENTS OF CHEMICALS/AGENTS (DRAFT) |
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The Agency is committed to implement its revised Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment ("Guidelines") through future reassessment and new assessment activities (subsequently re...
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CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) was undertaken to ascertain the etiology of cancers observed to be elevated in agricultural populations. Methods: The AHS is a large prospectiv...
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CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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Despite low mortality and cancer incidence rates overall, farmers may experience excess risk of several cancers. These excesses have been observed in some, but not all, retrospe...
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CANCER MORBIDITY INVESTIGATIONS: LESSONS FROM THE DULUTH STUDY OF POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF ASBESTOS IN DRINKING WATER |
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In 1973, 1 to 30 million asbestos-like fibers per liter of tap water were discovered in Duluth drinking water. Previous studies had linked mesothelioma, lung, and gastrointestinal ...
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CANCER MORTALITY AMONG UNITED STATES COUNTIES WITH HAZARDOUS WASTE SITES AND SOLE SOURCE DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATION |
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Since the late 1950's more than 750 million tons of toxic wastes have been discarded in an estimated 30,000 to 50,000 hazardous waste sies (HWS). he uncontrolled discarding of chem...
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CANCER MORTALITY AND BIRTH MALFORMATIONS IN FOUR WHEAT - PRODUCING U.S. STATES. |
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Newly emerging global patterns of disease have been observed. Environmental exposures, which are involuntary, widespread, and mostly low-dose in nature, have been implicated. C...
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CANCER MORTALITY AND PUBLIC DRINKING WATER IN ST. LOUIS CITY AND COUNTY |
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The results of recent studies do not appear to implicate drinking water as a major factor in producing the considerably higher cancer mortality rates in the city of St. Louis than ...
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CANCER MORTALITY AND WHEAT ACREAGE AS A SURROGATE FOR CHLOROPHENOXY HERBICIDES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CANCER MORTALITY IN FOUR NORTHERN WHEAT PRODUCING STATES |
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Chlorophenoxy herbicides are used both in cereal grain agriculture and in nonagricultural settings such as right-of-ways, lawns, and parks. Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, a...
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CANCER MORTALITY IN WHEAT PRODUCING COUNTIES OF FOUR NORTHERN PLAINS STATES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CANCER OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT: PREDISPOSING FACTORS |
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This volume documents the proceedings of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-sponsored symposium 'Tumor Promotion and Enhancement in the Etiology of Human and Experimental Res...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT AND PREVENTION: WHERE DO WE STAND? |
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This paper reviews selected aspects of progress and setbacks in cancer risk assessment and prevention during the four decades since the founding in 1947 of the Institute of Environ...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR 1,3 BUTADIENE: DATA INTEGRATION OPPORTUNITIES |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently released its new Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment together with Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility from E...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR 1,3-BUTADIENE: DATA INTEGRATION OPPORTUNITIES |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently released its new Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment together with Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility from E...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHLOROFORM |
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Chloroform is a common chlorination by-product in drinking water. EPA has regulated chloroform as a probable human carcinogen under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The cancer risk est...
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CANCER RISK FROM ASBESTOS IN DRINKING WATER: SUMMARY OF A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN WESTERN WASHINGTON |
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Case-control, interview-based study of the risk of developing cancer from asbestos in drinking water was conducted in an area including Beverett, Washington, selected because of th...
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CANCER RISKS ATTRIBUTABLE TO LOW DOSES OF IONIZING RADIATION - ASSESSING WHAT WE REALLY KNOW? |
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Cancer Risks Attributable to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation - What Do We Really Know?
Abstract
High doses of ionizing radiation clearly produce deleterious consequences ...
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CANCER THERAPY AND POLYMORPHISMS OF CYTOCHROMES P450. (R825280) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CARCINOGEN ASSESSMENT OF COKE OVEN EMISSIONS |
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Coke oven workers in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania and at 10 non-Allegheny County coke plants in the United States and Canada were found to be at an excess risk of mortality from ...
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CARCINOGEN ASSESSMENT OF COKE OVEN EMISSIONS (REVISED DRAFT) |
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Coke oven workers in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania and at 10 non-Allegheny County coke plants in the United States and Canada were found to be at an excess risk of mortality from ...
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CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS |
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Hexavalent chromium has been identified as a human carcinogen. Evidence to support this contention derives from epidemiologic, animal, and genotoxicity studies. Although workers ex...
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CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF BENZENE: AN UPDATE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Mobile Sources (OMS) requested the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) to provide an updated c...
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CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF BENZENE: AN UPDATE (FINAL) |
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The major issue addressed in this document involves the nature and magnitude of the risk of cancer to humans exposed to low levels of benzene. Occupational studies continue to prov...
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CARCINOGENIC RISK OF NONUNIFORM ALPHA PARTICLE IRRADIATION IN THE LUNGS: RADON PROGENY EFFECTS AT BRONCHIAL BIFURCATIONS |
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The combined effect of enhanced deposition and reduced clearance at bronchial bifurcations leads to increased radon progeny doses within branching sites compared to uniformly distr...
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CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF ALDRIN AND DIELDRIN |
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Evidence pertaining to the carcinogenicity of aldrin/dieldrin is reviewed and evaluated. The report covers studies completed before 1985. Case reports and epidemiologic studies of ...
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CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF CHLORDANE AND HEPTACHLOR/HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE |
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Evidence pertaining to the carcinogenicity of chlordane and heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide is reviewed and evaluated. The report covers studies completed before 1985. Case reports a...
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CARCINOGENICITY OF BROMODICHLOROMETHANE ADMINISTERED IN DRINKING WATER TO THE MALE F344/N RAT AND B6C3F, MOUSE |
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CARCINOGENICITY OF BROMODICHLOROMETHANE ADMINISTERED IN DRINKING WATER TO THE MALE F344/N RAT AND B6C3F1 MOUSE.
Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) has been shown to produce kidney...
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CARCINOGENICITY OF BROMODICHLOROMETHANE ADMINISTERED IN DRINKING WATER TO THE MALE F344/N RAT AND B6C3F1 MOUSE |
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Chlorine added to surface waters for the purposes of disinfection, reacts with humic material in the water to produce a variety of compounds collectively known as disinfection by-p...
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CARCINOGENICITY OF HOUSEHOLD SOLID FUEL COMBUSTION AND OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE FRYING |
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In October, 2006, 19 scientists from eight countries met at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, to assess the carcinogenicity of household solid...
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CARCINOGENICITY OF INDIVIDUAL AND A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN A RAT MODEL OF HEREDITARY RENAL CELL CARCINOMA |
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Carcinogenicity of Individual and a Mixture of Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products in a Rat Model of Hereditary Renal Cell Carcinoma
Eker rats develop hereditary renal ...
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CARDIOSELECTIVE AND CUMULATIVE OXIDATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA FOLLOWING SUBCHRONIC DOXORUBICIN ADMINISTRATION |
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We recently reported the preferential accumulation of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (80HdG) adducts in cardiac mitrochondrial DNA (mDNA) following acute intoxication of rats with doxorub...
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CARDIOVASCULAR AND OTHER HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH ARSENIC EXPOSURE IN INNER MONGOLIA |
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Arsenic exposure is associated with cardiovascular and other health effects. The study objectives were to investigate the mode of action and to assess dose-response relationships o...
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CASE-CONTROL CANCER MORTALITY STUDY AND CHLORINATION OF DRINKING WATER IN LOUISIANA |
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Several Louisiana parished (counties) using the Mississippi River for their source of public drinking water have the highest mortality rates (1950-69) in the United States for seve...
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CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF ASBESTOS IN DRINKING WATER AND CANCER RISK |
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The authors conducted a case-control, interview-based study of the risk of developing cancer from asbestos in drinking water. The Everett, Washington, area was selected for the stu...
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CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF BLADDER CANCER IN MASSACHUSETTS AMONG POPULATIONS RECEIVING CHLORINATED AND CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER |
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Studies of the occurrence of bladder cancer in relation to exposure to chlorinated drinking water, in general, have found a small excess frequency of bladder cancer among consumers...
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CAUSAL ANALYSIS AND PROBABILITY DATA: EXAMPLES FOR IMPAIRED AQUATIC CONDITION |
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Causal analysis is plausible reasoning applied to diagnosing observed effect(s), for example, diagnosing
cause of biological impairment in a stream. Sir Bradford Hill basica...
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CAUSES OF DEATH OF ANESTHESIOLOGISTS FROM THE CHLOROFORM ERA |
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The investigation was undertaken to determine if there were an excess of cancer deaths occurring in anesthesiologists who practiced in an era when chloroform was in use and to esti...
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CAUSES OF MORTALITY IN AN ARSENIC-AFFECTED AREAS OF INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA |
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Introduction
Shahai is a village in Inner Mongolia, China. In the early 1980s, the primary source of drinking water shifted away from large shallow wells to deeper artesian ...
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CELL PROLIFERATION RELATED ANTIGEN KI-67 AND P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATION IN NON SMALL-CELL LUNG CANCER FROM NONSMOKING FEMALES EXPOSED TO INDOOR COAL EMISSIONS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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CHANGES IN THE CECAL MICROBIAL METABOLISM OF RATS INDUCED BY INDIVIDUAL AND A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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ABSTRACT
Water treatment results in the production of numerous halogenated disinfection byproducts (DBPs), and has been associated with human colorectal cancer. Because the ...
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CHAPTER 7: EPIDEMIOLOGY/HUMAN DATA - HEALTH ASSESSMENT FOR 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (TCDD) AND RELATED COMPOUNDS |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is conducting a scientific reassessment of the risks of exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and chemically similar...
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CHARACTERISTICS OF A FISH COLONY OF 'POECILIOPSIS' AND ITS USE IN CARCINOGENICITY STUDIES WITH 7,12-DIMETHYLBENZ(A)ANTHRACENE AND DIETHYLNITROSAMINE |
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The viviparous fish Poecilliopsis from northwestern Mexico is characterized according to its potential in cancer research. A colony of these fishes started in 1961 includes inbred ...
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE USEPA'S OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS' TOXICITY INFORMATION DATA BASES |
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The United States Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) requires that data from toxicity testing be submitted to the OPP to support the reg...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF A LOSS OF HETEROZYGOSITY CANCER HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ASSAY. |
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Tumor development generally requires the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at one or more loci. Thus, the ability to determine whether a chemical is capable of causing LOH is an importa...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF ARSENOSUGARS AND ASSOCIATED DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FOLLOWING AN AGGRESSIVE ACID/BASE EXTRACTION PROCEDURE |
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The speciation of arsenic in seafood products is important for the determination of an improved toxicity based relative source (water vs. diet) contribution estimate. The two majo...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF CANCER RISK ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO CHLOROFORM |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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CHEMICAL AND RADIATION LEUKEMOGENESIS IN HUMANS AND RODENTS AND THE VALUE OF RODENT MODELS FOR ASSESSING RISKS OF LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC CANCERS |
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This report is intended to provide an up-to-date overview of the lymphoid and hematopoietic diseases induced in humans and rodents following exposure to chemical agents. It include...
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CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE OF SELECTED CHEMICALS AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE GENE-TOX CARCINOGEN DATA BASE |
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The literature of 506 chemicals has been evaluated for evidence that these chemicals induce tumors in experimental animals and this assessment comprises the Gene-Tox Carcinogen Dat...
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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOOR AIR HOMES FROM COMMUNES IN XUAN WEI, CHINA, WITH HIGH LUNG CANCER MORTALITY RATE |
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In a rural county, Xuan Wei, China, the lung cancer mortality rate is among China's highest, especially in women. his mortality rate is more associated with indoor air burning of s...
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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF INDOOR AIR OF HOMES FROM COMMUNES IN XUAN WEI, CHINA, WITH HIGH LUNG CANCER MORTALITY RATES |
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The paper discusses the chemical characterization of indoor air of homes from communes in Xuan Wei, China, with a high lung cancer mortality rate. (NOTE: In Xuan Wei, a rural count...
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CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MUTAGENIC FRACTIONS OF PARTICLES FORM INDOOR COAL COMBUSTION: A STUDY OF LUNG CANCER IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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In the rural Xuan Wei County, Yunnan Province, women's lung cancer mortality rates are among the highest in China. ost of these women are nonsmokers and studies have shown that lun...
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CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS AND CARCINOGENESIS: INCORPORATION OF MECHANISTIC DATA INTO RISK ASSESSMENT |
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CHEMICAL MUTAGENESIS AND CARCINOGENESIS: INCORPORATION OF MECHANISTIC DATA INTO RISK ASSESSMENT
The current understanding of cancer as a genetic disease, requiring a spec...
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CHEMICAL OF CURRENT INTEREST PROPYLENE OXIDE: HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE |
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This article reviews all of the relevant information on propylene oxide including physical and chemical properties, environmental fate and transport processes, exposure (water, foo...
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CHEMOSENSITIZATION BY A NON-APOPTOGENIC HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70-BINDING APOPTOSIS INDUCING FACTOR MUTANT |
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Chemosensitization by a non-apoptogenic heat shock protein 70-binding apoptosis inducing factor mutant
Abstract
HSP70 inhibits apoptosis by neutralizing the caspase activ...
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CHILDREN AS A SENSITIVE SUBPOPULATION FOR THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS |
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Children as a sensitive subpopulation for the risk assessment process
Abstract
For cancer risk assessment purposes, it is necessary to consider how to incorporate sensitive s...
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CHLORAL HYDRATE DECREASES GAP JUNCTION COMMUNICATION IN RAT LIVER EPITHELIAL CELLS |
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Chloral hydrate decreases gap junction communication in rat liver epithelial cells
Gap junction communication (GJC) is involved in controlling cell proliferation and diffe...
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CHLORINATED VS. CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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CHLORINATED VS. CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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CHROMOSOME STUDIES ON HUMAN SUBJECTS EXPOSED TO ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER |
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A two-year study was carried out on human subjects of various ages and backgrounds who have been drinking water containing 0.05 mg/l (0.05 ppm) or more arsenic for a period of at l...
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CHRONIC LABORATORY EXPOSURE OF MUMMICHOG, FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS, TO PAH-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT AND DIET CAUSES LIVER NEOPLASMS |
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The mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, is a common estuarine teleost inhabiting tidal marshes of the eastern United States. We previoiusly reported on high prevalences of hepatic a...
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CIGARETTE SMOKE AND LUNG CANCER |
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Cigarette smoke has been implicated in a causal relationship with carcinoma of the lung. An intriguing feature of the disease is the site-selectivity with which bronchogenic cancer...
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COLLECTION, CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION, AND MUTAGENICITY BIOASSAY OF AMBIENT AIR PARTICULATE |
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The influence of industrialization and consequent increased concentration of urban particulate matter on the incidence of cancer has long been a concern. The first bioassays used t...
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COLOR YES; CANCER NO |
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Dyes based on known carcinogens such as benzidine and beta naphthylamine can no longer be manufactured in the United States. n addition, numerous colorants have been banned from us...
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COMBINING PHARMACOKINETIC AND CANCER BIOASSAY DATA |
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Despite formidable sources of uncertainty, risk assessments are needed to avoid the extremes of either banning or allowing all exposures to potentially harmful chemicals. his paper...
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COMMUNITY-BASED UV RISK EDUCATION: THE SUNWISE PROGRAM HANDBOOK |
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This handbook is a user-friendly "How-to Guide" on providing information on how the SunWise project: 1) increased understanding of the importance of Ultraviolet light as a carcinog...
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES IN HUMAN PLASMA AND BLOOD |
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Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are commonly associated with diseased states (including asthma, cardiovascular disease, cancer) infections, and exposure to various toxicants in human...
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COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO EVALUATING RELATIVE CANCER RISKS FROM ENERGY SOURCES USING SHORT-TERM GENETIC BIOASSAYS |
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The evaluation of emissions from new energy sources has stimulated the development of new comparative approaches to health assessment studies. All energy sources that result in inc...
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COMPARATIVE GENOTOXIC RESPONSES TO ARSENITE IN GUINEA PIG, MOUSE, RAT AND HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES |
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Comparative genotoxic responses to arsenite in guinea pig, mouse, rat and human
lymphocytes.
Inorganic arsenic is a known human carcinogen causing skin, lung, and bladde...
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COMPARATIVE MICROARRAY EXPRESSION ANALYSIS OF SELECTED CANCER RELEVANT GENES IN HYPERTENSIVE RESISTANT VERSUS SUSCEPTIBLE RODENT STRAINS |
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Hypertension and cancer are prevalent diseases. Epidemiological studies suggest that hypertension may increase the long term risk of cancer. Identification of resistance and/or sus...
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COMPARATIVE POTENCY APPROACH FOR ESTIMATING THE CANCER RISK ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO MIXTURES OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS |
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A relative potency approach was developed as a method for assessing the cancer risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) for which inadequate ingestion or inhalation bioassay...
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COMPARATIVE POTENCY METHOD FOR CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: APPLICATION TO DIESEL PARTICULATE EMISSIONS |
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An estimation of the human lung cancer 'unit risk' from diesel engine particulate emissions has been made using a comparative potency approach. This approach involves evaluating th...
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COMPARATIVE POTENCY METHOD FOR CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: APPLICATION TO THE QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF COMBUSTION EMISSIONS TO LUNG CANCER RISK |
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Combustion sources emit soot particles containing carcinogenic polycyclic organic compounds which are mutagenic in short-term genetic bioassays in microbial and mammalian cells and...
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COMPARATIVE POTENCY METHOD FOR CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: CLARIFICATION OF THE RATIONALE, THEORETICAL BASIS, AND APPLICATION TO DIESEL PARTICULATE EMISSIONS |
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The rapid increase in new combustion technologies and new fuels for automobiles, residential and industrial heating, and other energy-related processes poses a particularly unique ...
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COMPARATIVE POTENCY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES: USE OF SHORT-TERM GENETIC BIOASSAYS IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The primary problem regarding the introduction of new energy sources is whether they will alter the mutagenicity, carcinogenicity and potential human cancer risk from combustion em...
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COMPARATIVE TOXICITIES OF DIFFERENT FORMS OF ASBESTOS IN A CELL CULTURE ASSAY |
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Three forms of Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (UICC) asbestos, amosite, crocidolite, and chrysotile, were assayed for their cytotoxicity (inhibition of colony formation) in ...
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COMPARING THE RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCE TO TOXICITY VALUES FOR ZN, SE, MN, AND MB |
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Certain essential nutrients can be toxic when ingested at dosages higher than the daily nutritional requirement. Research data for the essential trace elements, zinc, selenium, man...
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COMPARISON OF AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENTS IN ROANOKE, VA, AND OTHER INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT LOCATIONS |
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As part of the U.S. Environmental Protectional Agency's Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) field air quality monitoring studies in four U.S. cities were conducted between 1984 an...
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COMPARISON OF BIOMARKERS IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE |
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2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is an important occupational and environmental pollutant. In TNT-exposed humans, the notable toxic manifestations have included aplastic anemia, toxic h...
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COMPARISON OF CONTACT SITE CANCER POTENCY ACROSS DOSE ROUTES: CASE STUDY WITH EPICHLOROHYDRIN |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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COMPARISON OF DETOXIFICATION AND BIOACTIVATION PATHWAYS FOR BROMODICHLOROMETHANE IN THE RAT |
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Comparison of Detoxification and Bioactivation pathways FOR Bromodichloromethane in the Rat
M.K. Ross1, C.R. Eklund2, and R.A. Pegram2
1Curriculum in Toxicology, UNC-CH, Chap...
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COMPARISON OF EMISSIONS AND ORGANIC FINGERPRINTS FROM COMBUSTION OF OIL AND WOOD |
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The paper presents data from an Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) pilot study on the total carbon, organics, and particulate emissions from oil furnaces with both gun-type and r...
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COMPARISON OF ENHANCEMENT OF GGTASE-POSITIVE FOCI AND INDUCTION OF ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE IN RAT LIVER BY BARBITURATES |
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The induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) by barbiturates and the ability of barbiturates to enhance neoplastic progression of chemically initiated cancer was examined in rat ...
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COMPARISON OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND THEORETICAL PARAMETERS OF THE MOOLGAVKAR-VENZON-KNUDSON INCIDENCE FUNCTION FOR THE STAGES OF INITIATION AND PROMOTION IN RAT HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS |
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This manuscript describes biologically based models for cancer risk assessment. t also presents data derived in a rat hepatocarciongenesis model that was used to compare theoretica...
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COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION IN KIDNEY AND URINARY BLADDER FROM RATS TREATED WITH DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID |
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Arsenic is widespread in the environment and a human carcinogen. A major metabolite of inorganic arsenic (iAs) in most species, including humans, is dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), whi...
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COMPARISON OF GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES FROM MICE FED THREE TOXICOLOGICALLY DIFFERENT TRIAZOLE-BASED CONAZOLES |
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The present study was designed to identify the underlying molecular mechanism for the induction of mouse liver tumors by conazoles. CD-1 mice were treated with the tumor producing ...
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COMPARISON OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO RESPONSES TO ARSENIC: GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING IN NORMAL HUMAN EPIDERMAL KERATINOCYTES AND HYPERKERATOSES FROM ARSENIC-EXPOSED HUMANS |
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Chronic exposure to arsenic is positively associated with skin, urinary bladder, lung, liver and kidney cancer development in humans. Elucidating the mode of action of arsenic carc...
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COMPARISON OF LUNG ANTIOXIDANT LEVELS IN HUMANS AND LABORATORY ANIMALS |
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Basal lung concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA), nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSH), and a-tocopherol (a-T) were determined in rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, hamsters, mice, domestic pigs ...
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COMPARISONS OF ESTIMATED HUMAN BODY BURDENS OF DIOXIN-LIKE CHEMICALS AND TCDD BODY BURDENS IN EXPERIMENTALLY-EXPOSED ANIMALS |
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Humans are exposed to mixtures of dioxins and the potential health effects of these exposures are uncertain. he present study compares the body burdens of dioxins which produce ef ...
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COMPARTMENT MODEL APPROACHES FOR ESTIMATING THE PARAMETERS OF A CHRONIC DISEASE PROCESS UNDER CHANGING RISK FACTOR EXPOSURES |
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Compartment model approaches have been proposed for the analysis of the age incidence of specific types of cancer. These models represented the age increase in incidence as the res...
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COMPLEMENTARITY OF GENOTOXIC AND NONGENOTOXIC PREDICTORS OF RODENT CARCINOGENICITY |
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Twenty-one chemicals known to be carcinogenic in rodent bioassays were selected for study. he chemicals were administered by gavage in two dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats...
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COMPLEX MIXTURES OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS: PRINCIPLES OF ACTION AND HUMAN CANCER |
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There is strong epidemiological evidence supported by experimental animal data that complex environmental mixtures pose a risk to human health producing increases in cancer inciden...
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COMPLEX MIXTURES OF URBAN AIR POLLUTANTS: IDENTIFICATION AND COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MUTAGENIC AND TUMORIGENIC CHEMICALS AND EMISSION SOURCES |
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Advances in the cancer risk assessment of complex mixtures of urban air pollutants requires the development of new methods to advance our understanding of low dose and inter-specie...
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COMPREHENSIVE RESPONSES OF LIPID CLASSES TO TOXIANTS AND INVOLVEMENT IN DISEASES |
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Along with genes and proteins, lipids are a key component of the cellular metabolome. Lipids can mediate the induction of some diseases such as atherosclerosis and also responses t...
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COMPUTATIONAL MODELING TO EVALUATE CANDIDATE MODES OF ACTION FOR THE CARCINOGENICITY OF ARSENIC. |
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Developing a computational model of a mode of action is to first develop a qualitative map of key events....
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COMPUTATIONAL TOXICOLOGY: AN APPROACH FOR PRIORITIZING CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENTS |
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Characterizing toxic effects for industrial chemicals carries the challenge of focusing resources on the greatest potential risks for human health and the environment. The union of...
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COMPUTER AUTOMATED EVALUATION OF MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY OF SELECTED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS |
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The mechanisms by which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induce mutations and cancer have been the subject of considerable attention for several years. arious theoretical an...
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COMPUTER-ASSISTED STUDIES OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS |
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Computer-assisted methods can be used to investigate the relationships between the molecular structures of compounds and their biological activity. A number of approaches have been...
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CONCENTRATION - DURATION RELATIONSHIPS FOR NON-CANCER HEALTH EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS. |
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EPA is charged with assessing the risks of both acute and chronic exposures to hazardous air pollutants
(HAPs). The emissions from sources of HAPs are often characterized as t...
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CONDUCTING A RISK ASSESSMENT OF MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPS) FOR DRINKING WATER TREATMENT SYSTEMS |
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The risk assessment of disinfection by-product (DBP) mixtures in drinking water is an important issue in environmental health. To generate improved assessments of DBP mixture heal...
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CONFORMATIONAL AND MOLECULAR BASIS FOR INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS BY A P53 C-TERMINAL PEPTIDE IN HUMAN CANCER CELLS. (R826685) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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CONTROLLED DIESEL EXPOSURES: INTER-PHASING HUMAN AND ANIMAL STUDIES AND THEIR USE IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Controlled diesel exposures: Inter-phasing human and animal studies and their use in the risk assessment process.
Michael C. Madden, US EPA.
Particulate matter (PM) has...
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CRITICAL REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES RELATED TO INGESTED ASBESTOS |
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Thirteen epidemiologic studies of ingested asbestos conducted in five areas of the U.S. and Canada were reviewed and evaluated for the definitiveness and applicability regarding th...
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CUMULATIVE EXPOSURE TO ARSENIC AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO RESPIRATORY CANCER AMONG COPPER SMELTER EMPLOYEES |
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To explore the role of arsenic as a human carcinogen, the respiratory cancer mortality experience (1938 to 1977) of 8,045 white male smelter employees in Montana was examined relat...
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CURRENT CHALLENGES ON ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS |
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For over ten years, major international efforts have been aimed at understanding the mechanism and extent of endocrine disruption in experimental models, wildlife, and people; the ...
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Classification and Dose-Response Characterization of Environmental Chemicals Based On Structured Toxicity Information From ToxRefDB |
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Thirty years and over a billion of today’s dollars worth of pesticide registration toxicity studies, historically stored as hardcopy and scanned documents, have been digitized into...
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DELAYED REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO TOXIC CHEMICALS DURING CRITICAL DEVELOPMENTAL PERIODS |
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The studies presented in this review indicate that perinatal exposure of the fetal or neonatal rodent to a toxicant can adversely affect reproductive development, reduce fertility....
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DELETION MUTATIONS IN THE HPRT GENE OF T-LYMPHOCYTES AS A BIOMARKER FOR GENOMIC REARRANGEMENTS IMPORTANT IN HUMAN CANCERS |
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The DNA sequence of 11 in vivo-arising intragenic deletion breaksite junctions occurring in the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene of human T-lymphocytes was deter...
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DETECTING RARE MUTATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER RISK. (R825810) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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DETECTION OF K-RAS AND P53 MUTATIONS IN SPUTUM SAMPLES OF LUNG CANCER PATIENTS USING LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION MICROSCOPE AND MUTATION ANALYSIS |
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Detection of K-ras and p53 Mutations in Sputum Samples of Lung Cancer Patients Using Laser Capture Microdissection Microscope and Mutation Analysis
Phouthone Keohavong a,*, ...
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DETERMINANTS OF CANCER AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY IN ASBESTOS MINING COUNTIES OF CALIFORNIA |
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The purpose of this work was to design an epidemiological study protocol to further evaluate the hypothesis that asbestos related health effects have been observed among population...
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DETERMINATION OF HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS FOLLOWING ACRYLAMIDE EXPOSURE |
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The present project was undertaken to develop new methodologies for biological monitoring of exposure to the toxicant acrylamide in laboratory animals as well as humans. ethods wer...
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DETERMINING INHALATION RISK -- TOOLS FOR ASSESSING HAZARD. |
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The Clean Air Act focuses on reduction of the potential for specific air pollutants to cause adverse health effects. Implementation of standards to control release of the 188 haza...
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DETERMINING THE "MARGIN OF INCREMENTAL EXPOSURE": AN APPROACH TO ASSESSING NON-CANCER HEALTH EFFECTS OF DIOXINS |
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U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidance issued in April 1994 for performing screening level risk analyses of emissions from facilities that burn hazardous waste does no...
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DETERMINING THE STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS OF AMINOBIPHENYL AND BENZIDINE ANALOGS |
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Determining the structure-activity relationships of aminobiphenyl and benzidine analogues
Benzidine is a confirmed human carcinogen causing bladder and other types of cancer...
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DEVELOPING A CONSISTENT DECISION-MAKING FRAMEWORK BY USING THE U.S. EPA'S TRACI |
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The most effective way to achieve long-term environmental results is through the use of a consistent set of metrics and decision-making framework. The U.S. EPA has developed TRACI,...
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DEVELOPING MECHANISTIC DATA FOR INCORPORATION INTO CANCER AND GENETIC RISK ASSESSMENTS: OLD PROBLEMS AND NEW APPROACHES |
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26th Lauriston S. Taylor Lecture
DEVELOPING MECHANISTIC DATA FOR INCORPORATION INTO CANCER AND
GENETIC RISK ASSESSMENTS: OLD PROBLEMS AND NEW APPROACHES
R. Julian Preston,...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOMARKERS DATABASE FOR THE NATIONAL CHILDREN'S STUDY, PROCEEDINGS TO BE PUBLISEHD FROM THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMARKERS FOR TOXICOLOGY AND MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY, ATLANTA, GA, MARCH 15-17, 2004 |
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The National Children's Study (NCS) is a federally-sponsored, longitudinal study of environmental influences on the health and development of children across the United States (www...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPARATIVE POTENCY METHOD FOR CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT OF COMPLEX MIXTURES USING SHORT-TERM 'IN VIVO' AND 'IN VITRO' BIOASSAYS |
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A comparative potency method for cancer risk assessment has been developed based upon a constant relative potency hypothesis. This method was developed and tested using data from a...
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DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL CHANGES IN TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM FROM URINARY BLADDERS OF RATS EXPOSED TO DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Development of a Novel Method for Analysis of Transcriptional Changes in Transitional Epithelium from Urinary Bladders of Rats Exposed to Drinking Water Disinfection By- produ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR MARKERS OF RESPONSE TO ASSESS THE SENSITIVITY OF CHILDREN TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS |
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Development of Molecular Markers of Response to Assess the Sensitivity of Children to Environmental Chemicals
J.Allen, C. Blackman, M. Blaze, D. Delker, D. DeMarini, C. Doer...
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DEVELOPMENT OF NORMAL HUMAN COLON CELL CULTURES TO IDENTIFY UNREGULATED DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPS) WITH CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL. |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Approximately 600 DBPs, less than half of the total org...
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DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSIOLOGICAL-BASED PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL FOR DERMAL ABSORPTION NAD PENETRATION OF METHYL TERTIARY BUTYL ETHER IN HUMANS |
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Background: Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is a volatile organic chemical that is added to gasoline as an octane booster and to reduce vehicular emissions of carbon monoxide. ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS (QSARS) TO PREDICT TOXICITY FOR A VARIETY OF HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL ENDPOINTS |
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In general, the accuracy of a predicted toxicity value increases with increase in similarity between the query chemical and the chemicals used to develop a QSAR model. A toxicity ...
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DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIVE POTENCY ESTIMATES FOR PAHS AND HYDROCARBON COMBUSTION PRODUCT FRACTIONS COMPARED TO BENZO[A]PYRENE AND THEIR USE IN CARCINOGENIC RISK ASSESSMENTS |
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As an extension of the work started in a previous contract (EPA 68-02-4403, April 1988), various approaches for estimating the carcinogenic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarb...
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DICHLOROACETATE TOXICOKINETICS AND DISRUPTION OF TYROSINE CATABOLISM IN B6C3F1 MICE: DOSE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS AND AGE AS A MODIFYING FACTOR. (R825954) |
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Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a rodent carcinogen commonly found in municipal drinking water supplies. Toxicokinetic studies have established that elimination of DCA is controlled by...
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DIESEL EXHAUST RESEARCH: WHAT HAS IT TOLD US ABOUT AMBIENT ORGANIC PM TOXICITY. |
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Diesel exhaust is a complex mixture of components which includes organic gaseous and particulate material. Sources of the exhaust are derived from both on road and off road engine...
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DIETARY ARSENIC EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT USING ENZYMATIC BASED EXTRACTION CONDITIONS AND DETECTION OF URINARY THIO-ARSENICALS AS METABOLITES OF EXPOSURE - MCEARD2 |
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Inorganic arsenic is classified as a carcinogen and has been linked to lung and bladder cancer as well as other non-cancerous health effects. Because of these health effects the U....
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DIFFERENTIAL ACTIVATION OF AP-1 IN HUMAN BLADDER EPITHELIAL CELLS BY INORGANIC AND METHYLATED ARSENICALS |
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Differential Activation of AP-1 in Human Bladder Epithelial Cells by Inorganic and Methylated Arsenicals
Zuzana Drobna, Ilona Jaspers, David J. Thomas, and Miroslav Styblo |
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DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF TWO LOTS OF AROCLOR 1254R: CONGENER ANALYSIS AND NEUROCHEMICAL ENDPOINTS. |
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Introduction
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are widely used in industry as heat transfer and dielectric fluids for transformers and capacitors1. PCBs were commercially produce...
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DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID ALTERS EXPRESSION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND DNA REPAIR GENES IN A DOSE DEPENDENT MANNER IN THE TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM OF THE URINARY BLADDER FROM FEMALE F344 RATS. |
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Dose-dependent alteration of oxidative stress and DNA repair gene expression by Dimethylarsinic acid [DMA(V)] in transitional epithelium of urinary bladder from female F344 rats. |
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DIOXIN 2003 BOSTON |
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DIOXON 2003 BOSTON
SESSION SUMMARY REPORT
Toxicology of BFRs
This oral session is comprised of seven presentations dealing with the potential health effects of BFR...
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DIOXIN EXPOSURE INITIATIVE PUBLICATIONS |
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Following is a listing of published articles that have come out of EPA's |
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DIRECT-ACTING, DNA-DAMAGING AS (III)-METHYLATED SPECIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR A CARCINOGENIC MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ARSENICALS |
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Direct-acting, DNA-damaging As (III)-methylated species: implications for a carcinogenic . mechanism of action of arsenicals
Inorganic arsenic (iAs, arsenite and arsenate)...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS AND OTHER EMERGING CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Although drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been studied for the last 30 years, significant, new concerns have arisen. These concerns include adverse reproductive...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF EMERGING CONCERN: RESULTS OF A U.S. NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF HEALTH CONCERN IN DRINKING WATER: RESULTS OF A NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF HEALTH CONCERN IN DRINKING WATER: RESULTS OF A U.S. NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS: THE NEXT GENERATION |
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Disinfection of drinking water is rightly hailed as a major public health triumph of the 20th Century. Before widespread disinfection of drinking water in the U.S. and Europe, mil...
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DISTRIBUTION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC HYDROCARBONS AND ALDEHYDES DURING THE IACP (INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT) BOISE, IDAHO RESIDENTIAL STUDY |
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The U.S. EPA's Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) conducted a field study in Boise, Idaho during November 1986 - February 1987. As part of the study, samples were collected in te...
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DISTRIBUTIONAL APPROACH TO CHARACTERIZING LOW-DOSE CANCER RISK |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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DIVERSITY OF ARSENIC METABOLISM IN CULTURED HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES |
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Diversity of arsenic metabolism in cultured human cancer cell lines.
Arsenic has been known to cause a variety of malignancies in human. Pentavalent As (As 5+) is reduced t...
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DIVERSITY OF ARSENIC METABOLISM IN CULTURED HUMAN CANCER CELL LINES. |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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DNA ADDUCTS AS BIOMARKERS FOR ASSESSING EXPOSURE TO POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN TISSUES FROM XUAN WEI WOMEN WITH HIGH EXPOSURE TO COAL COMBUSTION |
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The high lung cancer raze in Xuan Wei, China, is associated with smoky coal use in unvented homes. moky coal combustion emits higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH...
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DNA DAMAGE REPAIR AND CELL CYCLE CONTROL: A NATURAL BIO-DEFENSE MECHANISM |
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DNA DAMAGE REPAIR AND CELL CYCLE CONTROL: A natural bio-defense mechanism
Anuradha Mudipalli.
Maintenance of genetic information, including the correct sequence of nucleo...
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DNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF RAT BRAIN TO ASSESS CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION AND NEUROTOXICITY OF FOUR CONAZOLES. |
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Conazoles are a class of azole fungicides widely used both pharmaceutically and agriculturally. This study focused on four conazoles that exhibit a range of cancer and non-cancer e...
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DNA-REACTIVE CARCINOGENS: MODE OF ACTION AND HUMAN CANCER HAZARD |
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It has been known for decades that mutagenicity plays an important role in the activity of most carcinogens. This mutagenicity can result from direct damage to DNA through a chemic...
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DOES RESPONSE EVALUATION OF GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN THE SKIN OF K6/ODC MICE EXPOSED TO SODIUM ARSENITE |
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Abstract - Chronic drinking water exposure to inorganic arsenic and its metabolites increases tumor frequency in the skin of K6/ODC transgenic mice. To identify potential biomarke...
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DOSE RELATED DIFFERENCES IN DNA ADDUCT LEVELS IN RODENT TISSUES FOLLOWING SKIN APPLICATIONS OF COMPLEX MIXTURES FROM AIR POLLUTION SOURCES |
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Dose-related differences in the binding of DNA reactive intermediates for three environmentally important complex particulate extracts and a well studied carcinogen Benzo(a)Pyrene ...
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DOSE RESPONSE MODELING FOR 2, 3, 7, 8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN |
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As science continues to appreciate the prevalence and power of dioxins, so it learns more about the harmful effects and effective preventive measures regarding these chemicals. Upd...
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DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY III. STATISTICAL MODELS |
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Although quantitative modeling has been central to cancer risk assessment for years, the concept of do@e-response modeling for developmental effects is relatively new. he benchmark...
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DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: III. STATISTICAL MODELS |
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Although quantitative modeling has been central to cancer risk assessment for years, the concept of dose-response modeling for developmental effects is relatively new. Recently, st...
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DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP FOR RAT LIVER DNA DAMAGE CAUSED BY 49 RODENT CARCINOGENS |
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Linear models of risk assessment may be appropriate for chemicals that are initiators of carcinogenesis while threshold models of risk assessment have been proposed for promoters. ...
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DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS FOR MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY B[ A ]P IN STRAIN A/J MOUSE LUNG |
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Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) induces tumors in rodents at doses much higher than those found in the environment. Current cancer risk assessment of B[a]P assumes that...
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DOSIMETRY MODELING OF INHALED FORMALDEHYDE: BINNING NASAL FLUX PREDICTIONS FOR QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Dosimetry Modeling of Inhaled Formaldehyde: Binning Nasal Flux Predictions for Quantitative Risk Assessment. Kimbell, J.S., Overton, J.H., Subramaniam, R.P., Schlosser, P.M., Morg...
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DRAFT ASBESTOS HEALTH ASSESSMENT UPDATE |
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Data developed since the early 1970's from large population studies with long follow-up strengthen the association of asbestos exposure to disease. Lung cancer and mesothelioma are...
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DRAFT FINAL GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT, FEBRUARY 2003) |
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In 1986, EPA published a set of risk assessment guidelines, including Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk A...
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DRAFT REVISED GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT (EXTERNAL DRAFT, JULY 1999) |
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EPA published its first cancer risk guidelines in 1986 (Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment<...
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DRINKING WATER AND CANCER INCIDENCE IN IOWA. 1. TRENDS AND INCIDENCE BY SOURCE OF DRINKING WATER AND SIZE OF MUNICIPALITY |
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The available data resources in the State of Iowa were used to investigate the relationships of drinking water contaminants and cancer incidence rates for communities. Age-adjusted...
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DRINKING WATER AND CANCER INCIDENCE IN IOWA. 2. RADIOACTIVITY IN DRINKING WATER |
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This paper presents a logical epidemiologic exploration into possible associations between exposures to radium-226 in drinking water and incidence rates for cancers of the bladder,...
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DRINKING WATER AND CANCER INCIDENCE IN IOWA. 3. ASSOCIATION OF CANCER WITH INDICES OF CONTAMINATION |
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With data from the Iowa Cancer Registry, age-adjusted sex-specific cancer incidence rates for the years 1969-1981 were determined for towns with a population of 1,000-10,000 and a ...
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DRINKING WATER AND CANCER MORTALITY |
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The problem of understanding the possible adverse health effects of organic chemical contaminants in drinking water is not new, but national concern has intensified in recent years...
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DRINKING WATER ARSENIC AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES |
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Drinking Water Arsenic and Perinatal Outcomes
DT Lobdell, Z Ning, RK Kwok, JL Mumford, ZY Liu, P Mendola
Many studies have documented an association between drinking wate...
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DRINKING WATER ARSENIC IN UTAH: A COHORT MORTALITY STUDY |
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The association of drinking water arsenic and mortality outcome was investigated in a cohort of residents from Millard County, Utah. Median drinking water arsenic concentrations fo...
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DRINKING WATER CRITERIA DOCUMENT FOR CHLORAMINES |
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Critical to establishing a regulatory strategy for drinking water is identifying those contaminants which pose the greatest risk to human health and consequently, what treatments c...
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DRINKING WATER ISSUES |
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According to recent reports by the California Department of Health Services, the State of Maine, and the United State Geological Survey (USGS); the fuel oxygenate methyl teri-butyl...
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DRINKING WATER SOURCE AND RISK OF BLADDER CANCER: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY |
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A water source component was included in a large population based case-control interview study of artificial sweetners. Relative risk from using chlorinated surface water sources i...
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DRINKING WATER TREATMENT AND RISK OF CANCER DEATH IN WISCONSIN |
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A case control study of drinking water treatment practices and female cancer mortality was conducted in Wisconsin. Cancer deaths for 1972-1977 from 28 Wisconsin counties and non-ca...
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DSSTOX WEBSITE LAUNCH: IMPROVING PUBLIC ACCESS TO DATABASES FOR BUILDING STRUCTURE-TOXICITY PREDICTION MODELS |
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DSSTox Website Launch: Improving Public Access to Databases for Building Structure-Toxicity Prediction Models
Ann M. Richard
US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Tria...
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Development of a Biologically Based Dose Response (BBDR) Model for Arsenic Induced Cancer (S) |
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Discuss the development of a biologically based dose response (BBDR) model for arsenic carcinogenicity in order to reduce uncertainty in estimates of low dose risk by maximizing th...
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Development of a biologically based dose response (BBDR) model for arsenic induced cancer |
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We are developing a biologically based dose response (BBDR) model for arsenic carcinogenicity in order to reduce uncertainty in estimates of low dose risk by maximizing the use of ...
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Development of normal human colon cell cultures to identify priority unregulated disinfection byproducts with a carcinogenic potential |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. At present ~600 DBPs have been identified as the major...
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Drowning in Disinfection Byproducts? Swimming Pool Water Quality |
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Disinfection is mandatory for swimming pools, because transmission of disease by bacteria, virus and protozoa is the most significant health issue. However another issue arises, an...
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EARLY LIFE EXPOSURES TO ENVIRONMENTAL COMPOUNDS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM ANIMAL MODELS |
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Abstract:
This article was an invited submission by the Cornell University Breast Cancer & Environmental Risk Factors group, who publish the newsletter, The Ribbon. A recent pape...
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EFFECT OF ARSENICALS ON CELL CYCLE DISTRIBUTION AND EXPRESSION OF CELL CYCLE PROTEINS IN HUMAN PRIMARY KERATINOCYTES |
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Environmental exposure to arsenic is a major public health concern. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between levels of arsenic in drinking water and i...
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EFFECT OF ARSENICALS ON ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION-INDUCED GROWTH ARREST AND RELATED SIGNALING EVENTS IN HUMAN KERATINOCYTES |
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The molecular mechanisms mediating arsenic-induced carcinogenesis are not well understood. The role of confounding factors such as ultraviolet radiation (UV), add another level of ...
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EFFECT OF CHEMOTHERAPY ON THE IN VIVO FREQUENCY OF GLYCOPHORIN A "NULL" VARIANT ERYTHROCYTES |
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A human in vivo somatic cell assay based on the enumeration of variant erythrocytes lacking expression of an allelic form of the Cell-surface sialoglycoprotein, glycophorin A, was ...
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EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF LUNG CANCER |
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This paper describes a method for adjusting the analysis of occupational-environmental lung cancer risks for the effects of cigarette smoking in cohort and case control studies. he...
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EFFECT OF DIBUTYLNITROSAMINE AND SACCHARIN ON GLUTAMYL TRANSPEPTIDASE-POSITIVE FOCI AND LIVER CANCER |
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An attempt was made to evaluate whether the simultaneous administration of the urinary bladder tumor promoter, saccharin, and the substance being tested for carcinogenicity could b...
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EFFECT OF EXPOSURE PROTOCOL AND HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN EXPRESSION ON ARSENITE INDUCED GENOTOXICITY IN MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS |
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Effect of exposure protocol and heat shock protein expression on arsenite induced genotoxicity in MCF-7 breast cancer cells
The genotoxic effects of arsenic (As) are w...
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EFFECT OF PHORBOL ESTERS ON CLONAL CULTURES OF HUMAN, HAMSTER, AND RAT RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL CELLS |
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The effect of the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the growth of epithelial cells from rat, hamster, and human respiratory tract has been measured by mo...
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EFFECT OF POPULATION DENSITY ON THE RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF WATER SUPPLIES IN FIVE CALIFORNIA COUNTIES |
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Two previous studies (1969-1971 and 1969-1974 study periods) examined the relationship between cancer incidence and chrysotile asbestos ingested through drinking water in the San F...
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EFFECTS OF A CYTOKINETIC BLOCK ON THE DETERMINATION OF MICRONUCLEUS INDUCTION IN CHINESE HAMSTER LUNG FIBROBLASTS |
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Approximately 63,000 chemicals are found in our foods, drugs, consumer products and envrionment (11). here is proof that human exposure to some of these chemicals can have carcinog...
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EFFECTS OF A TRANSIENT CANCER SCARE ON PROPERTY VALUES: IMPLICATIONS FOR RISK VALUATION AND THE VALUE OF LIFE. (R825173) |
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AbstractA transient cancer scare is presented as a rare opportunity to observe the effect of a perceived increase in risk on the price of residential property. The temp...
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EFFECTS OF APPLIANCE TYPE AND OPERATING VARIABLES ON WOODSTOVE EMISSIONS: VOLUME II. APPENDICIES D-F. |
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The report gives results of a project, in support of the intergared Air Cancer Project (IACP), to provide data on the specific effects of appliance type and operating variables on ...
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EFFECTS OF APPLICANE TYPE AND OPERATING VARIABLES ON WOODSTOVE EMISSIONS: VOLUME II. APPENDICES D-F |
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The report gives results of a project, in support of the intergared Air Cancer Project (IACP), to provide data on the specific effects of appliance type and operating variables on ...
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EFFECTS OF BENZO[A]PYRENE AND ARSENITE ON CYP1A1 AND CYP1B1 MRNA LEVELS IN T-47D HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS: DETERMINATION BY A BRANCHED DNA ASSAY. (R827180) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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EFFECTS OF BENZO[A]PYRENE EXPOSURE ON A FISH POPULATION RESISTANT TO THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF DIOXIN-LIKE COMPOUNDS |
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Effects of a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) were compared in populations of the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus indigenous to a reference site and one highly cont...
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EFFECTS OF CAGING DENSITY ON PITUITARY AND TESTICLE RELATED RESPONSES |
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Effects of caging density on pituitary and testicle related responses
A significant negative correlation between the incidence of testicular interstitial cell tumors (ICT) ...
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EFFECTS OF CARCINOGENIC AGENTS ON AQUATIC ANIMALS: AN ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OVERVIEW |
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A major underlying motivation for seriously studying carcinogenesis in aquatic animals is the concept of utilizing selected lower animal species as models in understanding neoplasi...
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EFFECTS OF INGESTED ARSENIC ON DNA AND CHROMOSOME IN HUMAN EXFOLIATED EPITHELIA |
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Effects of Ingested Arsenic on DNA and Chromosome in Human Exfoliated Epithelia
Judy L. Mumford, Human Studies Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research L...
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EFFECTS OF SEX AND AGE ON DMBA:DNA BINDING IN EPIDERMIS OF SENCAR MICE FOLLOWING TOPICAL ADMINISTRATION OF DIMETHYLBENZ(A) ANTHRACENE |
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Epidermal DMBA+DNA adduct formation was determined in male and female SENCAR mice following short-term exposure to 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). While no differences in th...
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EFFECTS OF THERMAL POLLUTION OF PELAGIC LARVAE OF CRUSTACEA |
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Larvae of six species, Cancer irroratus, C. borealis and Homarus americanus of coastal waters (high salinity), and Palaemonetes pugio, Pagurus longicarpus and Rhithropanopeus harri...
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EFFECTS OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND ITS METABOLITES ON RODENT HEPATOCYTE INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION |
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Chronic exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) results in hepatocellular cancer in mice but not rats. The induction of hepatic tumors by TCE appears to be mediated through nongenotoxi...
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EFFECTS OF TUMORS ON INHALED PHARMACOLOGIC DRUGS: I. FLOW PATTTERNS |
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ABSTRACT
Lung carcinomas are now the most common form of cancer. Clinical data suggest that tumors are found preferentially in upper airways, perhaps specifically at carina ...
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EIGHTH ASPEN CANCER CONFERENCE: MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY IN RELATION TO THE GENETICS OF ANIMAL AND HUMAN NEOPLASIA |
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Cancers arise as a consequence of the interactions between environmental factors and specific genes. he environmental factors range from the ubiquitous, such as sunlight, to the hi...
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ELEVATED HSP70 STIMULATES CELL PROLIFERATION AND IS CYTOPROTECTIVE AGAINST HEAT AND VINCRISTINE TOXICITY IN MCF-7 CELLS. |
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Heat-shock proteins (HSPs) play important roles in regulating cell growth and protecting cells from adverse effects of heat and chemical stress. In many types of cancer, elevated H...
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ELEVATED PLASMA TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-B1 LEVELS IN BREASTCANCER PATIENTS DECREASE AFTER SURGICAL REMOVAL OF THE TUMOR |
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In breast cancer patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation increased plasma TGFB levels are predictive for the occurrence of n...
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ELEVENTH ASPEN CANCER CONFERENCE: MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENESIS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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EMERGING DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS OF TOXICOLOGICAL INTEREST: RESULTS OF A NATIONWIDE OCCURRENCE STUDY |
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The Safe Drinking Water Act and Amendments requires that EPA address disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. DBPs are formed when a disinfectant (such as chlorine) reac...
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EMERGING METHODOLOGIES FOR ASSESSMENT OF COMPLEX MIXTURES; THE INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT |
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The assessment of complex mixtures of environmental pollutants requires new interdisciplinary strategies. The integration of bioassay methodologies into these strategies is an impo...
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EMPIRICAL COMPARISONS OF CARCINOGEN POTENCIES ACROSS SPECIES AND THEIR BEARING ON APPROPRIATE SCALING OF DOSES FOR RISK ASSESSMENT |
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This chapter is adapted from the recent proposal by the Interagency Pharmacokinetics Group (IPG) advocating the adoption by the participating Federal regulatory agencies of a unifi...
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ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS: LESSONS LEARNED |
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For more than ten years, major international efforts have been aimed at understanding the mechanism and extent of endocrine disruption in experimental models, wildlife, and people;...
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND GENETIC INTERACTIONS IN HYPERTENSIVE RATS: OXIDATIVE STRESS AS A COMMON SUSCEPTABILITY ATTRIBUTE FOR NON-CANCER RISKS |
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Individuals compromised with preexisting conditions are likely to be more susceptible to environmental exposures, and the uncertainty factors employed to correct for this concern...
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ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENESIS IN THE MUMMICHOG, FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS: FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS |
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The mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, is a small estuarine teleost inhabiting coastal embayments along much of the eastern seaboard of the US. We have been investigating an associa...
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ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENS AND HUMAN CANCER: ESTIMATION OF EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS IN THE AMBIENT AIR |
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In this study, a methodology for ambient exposure analysis of carcinogens was developed based on a pilot study of the Detroit Metropolitan area. The specific aim of the analysis wa...
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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS |
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Endocrine disruptors are a class of chemicals of growing interest to the environmental community. USEPA's Risk Assessment Forum defined an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) as "a...
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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
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NRMRL-CIN-1600
Sayles*, G.D. Environmental Engineering and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. ASCE Journal of
Environmental Engineering (Arnold, R.G. (Ed....
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ENVIRONMENTAL EQUITY AND PESTICIDE EXPOSURE |
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Although people of color and low-income groups bear a disproportionate share of the health risks from exposure to pesticides, research attention has been meager, and data on acute ...
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ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENS AND CANCER |
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One in eight women is predicted to be diagnosed with breast cancer this year. Of those afflicted with the disease, only about one-quarter will have a family history that helps to ...
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ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES TO CHLOROPHENOXY HERBICIDES AND ASSOCIATION WITH ADVERSE HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS: EXAMPLE OF THE NEED FOR BETTER METHODS |
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Previous studies have made the following observations: newly emerging global patterns of disease have been observed, and environmental exposures have been implicated. Ecologic st...
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ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING BREAST CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY |
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Environmental Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Susceptibility
Suzanne. E. Fenton
US EPA, ORD, MD-67 NHEERL, Reproductive Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711....
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ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH INDICATORS: STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT REPORT |
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Background/Purpose: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is moving in the direction of measuring and assessing human health and ecological outcomes. The new "outcome" mea...
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ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING USING GENETIC BIOASSAYS |
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Environmental monitoring has evolved over the last ten years toward providing data more useful for exposure and risk assessment. he objective of many monitoring studies in the 1960...
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ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENS AND RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Recognition that most human exposures to environmental chemicals occur as complex mixtures has stimulated research and the development of new methods to assess exposure, dosimetry,...
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS AND ADVERSE HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION USING INTERREGION COMPARISONS |
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Background: Associations between adverse health effects and environmental exposures are difficult to study, because exposures may be widespread, low-dose in nature, and common thr...
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ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY VERIFICATION EVALUATIONS OF ARSENIC REDUCTION SYSTEMS FOR DRINKING WATER |
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Arsenic in drinking water is a known carcinogen with additional adverse human health impacts. For the 4,100 affected systems, 37 to 55 cancer cases per year are estimated, with abo...
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ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE AND LUNG CANCER: UNCERTAINTIES IN THE POPULATION ESTIMATES BUT NOT IN THE CAUSAL ASSOCIATION - A REJOINDER TO GROSS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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EPA PROGRAMS AND THE REGULATION OF CARCINOGENS: METHODS AND PHILOSOPHIES |
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This report is part of the National Network for Environmental Studies Program conducted under the auspices of the Office of Cooperative Environmental Management, U.S. Environmental...
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EPA SCIENTISTS PARTICIPATE IN THE SRA 2005 ANNUAL MEETING |
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Several NCEA Scientists will be presenting at this years Society For Risk Analysis (SRA) Annual Meeting (see other sources for the SRA meeting agenda). The meet...
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EPA'S (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S) INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROGRAM |
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The Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) is an interdisciplinary research program designed to develop the scientific methods and data sets needed to identify the major carcinogenic...
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EPA'S URBAN AREA SOURCE RESEARCH PROGRAM - A STATUS REPORT ON PRELIMINARY RESEARCH |
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The Clean Air Act requires EPA to identify and regulate 30 or more of the "worst" hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) from area sources. he report examines our ability to identity thos...
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EPIDEMIOLOGIC STUDIES OF DISINFECTANTS AND DISINFECTANT BY-PRODUCTS |
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This article provides a review of the epidemiologic evidence for human health effects that may be associated with the disinfection of drinking water. An epidemiologic study attempt...
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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF CARCINOGENICITY OF CHLORINATED ORGANICS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Concern has recently been voiced over possible chronic toxicity associated with chlorination of public drinking water supplies in the United States. This paper reviews the availabl...
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EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE INCIDENCE OF CANCER AS RELATED TO INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS IN CONTRA COSTA COUNTY, CALIFORNIA |
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The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of lung cancer incidence in Contra Costa County to ambient levels of air pollution. It was suspected that the presence of ...
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EPIDEMIOLOGY OF LUNG CANCER IN XUAN WEI, CHINA: CURRENT PROGRESS, ISSUES, AND RESEARCH STRATEGIES (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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In Xuan Wei, a rural Chinese county of about one million people, females' annual lung cancer mortality is China's highest, and males' is among China's highest. Xuan Wei's very high...
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EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDY OF THE USE OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PIPE FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF DRINKING WATER IN ESCAMBIA COUNTY, FLORIDA |
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Cancer mortality for the population census tracts of Escambia County, Florida, using asbestos-cement (A/C) pipe for public potable water distribution was compared with cancer morta...
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ESTIMATING THE RISK OF LUNG CANCER FROM INHALATION OF RADON DAUGHTERS INDOORS: REVIEW AND EVALUATION |
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A review of the dosimetric models and epidemiological studies with regard to the relation between indoor radon exposure and lung cancer indicates that the Working Level is an appro...
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ESTIMATION OF HISTORICAL ANNUAL PM 2.5 EXPOSURES FOR HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT. (R827351) |
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Epidemiological studies have generally found fine particle metrics such as PM2.5 (PM mass less than 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) to be more strongly relate...
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ESTIMATION OF RISK FROM CARCINOGENS IN DRINKING WATER |
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The report gives results of a study aimed at developing a means for estimating cancer mortality as a function of carcinogen concentration in drinking water. Cancer risk data for ci...
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EVALUATING THE HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES: REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT, NEUROTOXICITY, GENETIC TOXICITY AND CANCER |
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Several approaches are available for characterizing potential toxicity of wastes. his paper describes biological tests which are appropriate for identifying waste as neurotoxic, ge...
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EVALUATING THE SENSITIVITY OF SCREENING-LEVEL VAPOR INTRUSTION MODELS |
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Vapor intrusion is defined as the migration of volatile chemicals from the subsurface into overlying buildings. Volatile organic contaminants (VOCs) in soil or ground water can vo...
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EVALUATION AND EFFECTIVE RISK COMMUNICATION WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS |
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To explore a number of questions in the area of risk communications, the Interagency Task Force on Environmental Cancer and Heart and Lung Disease, held a Workshop on Evaluation an...
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EVALUATION AND ESTIMATION OF POTENTIAL CARCINOGENIC RISKS OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAH) |
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The evaluation and estimation of the potential risk of human exposures to a hazardous substance requires the analysis of all relevant data to answer two questions (1) does the agen...
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EVALUATION OF GENOTOXIC EFFECTS IN HUMAN POPULATIONS |
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There are demonstrable associations in experimental animals between DNA damage in somatic cells and the development of cancer, and between DNA damage in germ cells and the incidenc...
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EVALUATION OF HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND SLUDGE COMPOSTING |
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The investigation included (1) a prospective study of wastewater sludge compost workers, (2) serologic analyses of wastewater-exposed workers, (3) a mortality study of former waste...
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EVALUATION OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED MODELS OF PREGNANCY AND LACTATION FOR THEIR APPLICATION IN CHILDREN'S HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENTS |
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In today's scientific and regulatory climates, an increased emphasis is placed upon the potential health impacts for children exposed either in utero or by nursing to drugs of abus...
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EVALUATION OF THE CARCINOGENIC RISK OF BIOCHEMICALLY INERT, INSOLUBLE PARTICLES BY THE U.S. EPA USING RAT INHALATION DATA |
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Regulations pertaining to inhalable particulate matter are promulgated primarily by three program offices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Pollution Prevention an...
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EVALUATION OF THE CARCINOGENICITY OF UNLEADED GASOLINE |
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In the document the likelihood that unleaded gasoline vapors are carcinogenic to humans is evaluated. From carcinogenicity data in animals, an estimate is made of the magnitude of ...
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EVALUATION OF THE CYTOTOXICITY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS (DBPS): TRIHALOMETHANES (THMS), HALONITROMETHANES (HNMS), AND HALOACETIC ACIDS (HAAS) IN NORMAL HUMAN COLON CELLS |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. THMs and HAAs were found to increase cancer in laborato...
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EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL CARCINOGENICITY OF LEAD AND LEAD COMPOUNDS: IN SUPPORT OF REPORTABLE QUANTITY ADJUSTMENTS PURSUANT TO CERCLA SECTION 102 |
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Information on the potential carcinogenicity of lead and lead compounds is summarized and evaluated under EPA's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. The human studies provide...
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EVALUATION OF THE POTENTIAL CARCINOGENICITY OF O-TOLUIDINE |
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The assessment of o-toluidine for potential carcinogenicity is based on data from studies using o-toluidine hydrochloride, since o-toluidine is rapidly and completely converted to ...
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EVALUATION OF URBAN RUNOFF AND COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOW MUTAGENICITY |
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The introduction of potential mutagens to the human environment may serve to increase the rate of contact with substances that contribute to cancer incidence in the general populat...
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EXCESS CANCER MORTALITY IN AGRICULTURAL REGIONS OF MINNESOTA |
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Because of its unique geology, Minnesota can be divided into four agricultural regions: south-central region one (corn, soybeans); west-central region two (wheat, corn, soybeans); ...
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EXPERIMENTAL METHODS FOR EVALUATING THE HEALTH RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH ORGANIC CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Identification of a wide variety of organic chemicals in surface and ground waters has brought considerable attention to the problem of estimating risks these chemicals pose to hum...
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EXPERIMENTAL RESPIRATORY CARCINOGENESIS IN SMALL LABORATORY ANIMALS |
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Studies designed to test the ability of environmental pollutants to induce lung cancer in experimental animals by chronic inhalation exposure are summarized in this review. The stu...
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EXPOSURE AND HUMAN HEALTH EVALUATION OF AIRBORNE POLLUTION FROM THE WORLD TRADE CENTER DISASTER |
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In the days following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on New York City's World Trade Center (WTC) towers, many Federal agencies, including the U.S. Environmental Protectio...
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EXPOSURE AND RISK FROM AMBIENT PARTICLE-BOUND POLLUTION IN AN AIRSHED DOMINATED BY RESIDENTIAL WOOD COMBUSTION AND MOBILE SOURCES |
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A major field study was conducted in Boise ID, during the heating season of 1986-87 as part of em integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP). ilter samples were systematically collected ...
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EXPOSURE DOMAINS: ROLE OF TIMING, PATTERN AND MAGNITUDE OF EXPOSURE ON HEALTH RISKS |
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Environmental health risk assessment may be broadly separated into assessment of risks from exposures to agents affecting health endpoints for which it may be presumed there is n...
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EXPOSURE TO HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND MALE REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: A RESEARCH FRAMEWORK |
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The discovery in the mid-1970s that occupational exposures to pesticides could diminish or destroy the fertility of workers sparked concern about the effects of hazardous substance...
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EXPOSURE-DURATION RELATIONSHIPS: THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS FOR HEALTH EFFECTS OTHER THAN CANCER |
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The development of the risk assessment process over the past 10 years not only has provided us with a framework to carry out an important regulatory function, but also has aided in...
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EXPRESSION OF INDUCIBLE HSP70 ENHANCES THE PROLIFERATION OF MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS AND PROTECTS AGAINST THE CYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF HYPERTHERMIA |
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Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are ubiquitous proteins that are induced following exposure to sub-lethal heat shock, are highly conserved during evolution and protect cells from damage...
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EXTRACTION OF DNA FROM CRYOPRESERVED CLOTTED HUMAN BLOOD |
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Clinical and epidemiologic investigations into the etiology of cancer and other chronic diseases are increasingly reliant on laboratory analyses to characterize exposures, suscepti...
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EXTRAPOLATION OF THE BENZENE INHALATION UNIT RISK ESTIMATE TO THE ORAL ROUTE OF EXPOSURE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The National Center for Environmental Assessment-Washington Division, Office of Research and Development, prepared this document on the Extrapolation of the Benzene Inhalation Unit...
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Emerging Disinfection By-Products and Other Emerging Environmental Contaminants: What's New |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been associated with adverse human health effects, including bladder cancer, early term miscarriage, and birth defects. While i...
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Emerging Issues in Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity with Implications for Structure Activity Analyses |
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In silico systems for the prediction of the ability of chemicals to induce carcinogenicity in rodents have generally relied on knowledge of the structure and physical-chemical feat...
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Estimation of Carcinogenicity using Hierarchical Clustering and Nearest Neighbor Methodologies |
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Previously a hierarchical clustering (HC) approach and a nearest neighbor (NN) approach were developed to model acute aquatic toxicity end points. These approaches were developed ...
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Estimation of Carcinogenicity using Hierarchical Clustering and Nearest Neighbor Methodologies |
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Previously a hierarchical clustering (HC) approach and a nearest neighbor (NN) approach were developed to model acute aquatic toxicity end points. These approaches were developed ...
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FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN A DOSIMETRY MODEL FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF INHALED PARTICLES |
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Clinical findings suggest that bronchogenic tumors have a predilection for certain airway locations in man. Aerosol deposition studies with laryngeal-tracheobronchial casts and mod...
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FAILURE OF MONOCHLOROACETIC ACID AND TRICHLOROACETIC ACID ADMINISTERED IN THE DRINKING WATER TO PRODUCE LIVER CANCER IN MALE F344/N RATS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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FEASIBILITY FOR PERFORMING A RISK ASSESSMENT ON PATHOGENS |
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The paper evaluates the practicality of formulating guidelines to assess the risk associated with exposure to pathogens in sludge. Risk assessment may be used to determine the like...
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FINAL REPORT FOR THE 2005 EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW OF THE TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND IRIS SUMMARY FOR N-HEXANE |
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This document is the final report for the 2005 external peer review of the Toxicological Review and IRIS Summary for n-Hexane, prepared by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ...
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FISH CONSUMPTION ADVISORIES: TOWARD A UNIFIED, SCIENTIFICALLY CREDIBLE APPROACH |
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A model is proposed for fish consumption advisories based on consensus-derived risk assessment values for common contaminants in fish and the latest risk assessment methods. he mod...
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FLOW CYTOMETRY OF ACRIDINE ORANGE STAINED SPERM IS A RAPID AND PRACTICAL METHOD FOR MONITORING OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO GENOTOXICANTS |
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Public awareness is growing concerning the reproductive consequences of the numerous environmental and occupational chemicals. Exposure of germ cells within the seminiferous tubule...
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FORMALDEHYDE-INDUCED GENE EXPRESSION IN F344 RAT NASAL RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM. |
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Formaldehyde-induced gene expression in F344 rat nasal respiratory epithelium
ABSTRACT
Formaldehyde, an occupational and environmental toxicant used extensively in t...
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FORMATION OF DNA ADDUCTS IN RAT LUNG FOLLOWING CHRONIC INHALATION OF DIESEL EMISSIONS, CARBON BLACK, AND TITANIUM DIOXIDE PARTICLES |
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The objective of this study was to determine whether the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAH), nitro-PAH or other polycyclic organic matter adsorbed to diesel particles induces th...
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FREQUENCY OF MOUTHING BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG CHILDREN |
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Young children, as compared to adults, are more likely to be exposed after a pesticide application due to potential hand- and object-to-mouth contacts in contaminated areas. How...
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FREQUENCY OF MOUTHING BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG CHILDREN |
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Young children may be more likely than adults to be exposed to pesticides following a residential application as a result of hand- and object-to-mouth contacts in contaminated ar...
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FULL-SCALE LABORATORY SIMULATION FACILITY TO TEST PARTICULATE AND ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM A THIRD WORLD RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION PROCESS. I. FACILITY DESCRIPTION AND RESULTS OF TESTS OF THREE RURAL CHINA RESIDENTIAL COALS, A U.S. COAL, AND WOOD |
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The paper gives results of a series of 12 tests for 3 coals from a rural area of China with abnormally high lung cancer rates, a U. S. coal, and pine wood fuel. It also discusses a...
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FULL-SCALE LABORATORY SIMULATION FACILITY TO TEST PARTICULATE AND ORGANIC EMISSIONS FROM A THIRD WORLD RESIDENTIAL COMBUSTION PROCESS. III. EVALUATIO OF A POTENTIAL TECHNIQUE FOR THE CONTROL OF EMISSIONS FROM THE INDOOR, OPEN HEARTH COMBUSTION OF COAL |
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The paper reports controlled full-scale laboratory studies designed to determine if clay addition holds promise as a technique to control emissions from higher grade coals. NOTE: b...
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FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN RESEARCH ON THE GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES |
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The future assessment of complex mixtures of environmental pollutants will increasingly rely on new interdisciplinary strategies including state-of-the-art genetic and molecular me...
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Formation and Occurrence of Disinfection By-Products |
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Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants such as chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or chloramines react with naturally occurring organic matter, anthropogenic...
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GAP JUNCTION FUNCTION AND CANCER |
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Gap Junctions (GJs) provide cell-to-cell communication (GJIC) of essential metabolites and ions. Js allow tissues to average responses, clear waste products, and minimize the effec...
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GENE EXPRESSION CAN DIFFERENTIATE CARCINOGENIC FROM NON-CARCINOGENIC DOSES OF DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID (DMAv) IN THE TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM OF THE URINARY BLADDER FROM FEMALE F344 RATS |
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Arsenic is an environmental concern worldwide, and drinking arsenic contaminated water has been associated with increased incidences of skin, lung and bladder cancer. Dimethylarsin...
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GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES IN MOUSE BLADDER TISSUE IN RESPONSE TO INORGANIC ARSENIC |
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Chronic human exposures to high arsenic concentrations are associated with lung, skin, and bladder cancer. Considerable controversy exists concerning arsenic mode of action and low...
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GENE EXPRESSION DOSE-RESPONSE IN THE BLADDERS OF MICE EXPOSED TO ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER FOR 13 WEEKS |
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The association between drinking water exposures to inorganic arsenic and life-threatening tumors in the human is strongest for bladder cancer. To investigate the mode of action fo...
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GENE EXPRESSION DOSE-RESPONSE IN THE MOUSE BLADDER FOLLOWING EXPOSURE TO ARSENATE IN DRINKING WATER |
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The association between drinking water exposures to inorganic arsenic and life-threatening tumors in the human is strongest for bladder cancer. Moreover, a working model for the pa...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILES IN ARSENIC-TREATED MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS EXPRESSING DIFFERENT LEVELS OF HSP70 |
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Gene expression profiles in arsenic-treated MCF-7 breast cancer cells expressing different levels of HSP70
Gail Nelson, Susan Hester, Ernest Winkfield, Jill Barnes, James A...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING OF HYPERKERATOTIC SKIN FROM INNER MONGOLIANS CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO ARSENIC |
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Millions of people worldwide have been chronically exposed to arsenic levels in drinking water that greatly exceed the current World Health Organization¿s recommended limit of 10 µ...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING OF NORMAL HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS EXPOSED TO TRIVALENT ARSENICALS AND DIMETHYLTHIOARSINIC ACID |
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Lung is a major target for arsenic carcinogenesis in humans. However, the carcinogenic mode of action of arsenicals is unknown. We investigated, in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING OF RESPONSES TO DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID IN FEMALE F344 RAT UROTHELIUM |
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Arsenic is a human carcinogen and epidemiologic evidence implicates it in the development of urinary bladder cancer. Even though several mechanisms have been proposed for arsenic c...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING OF THE RAT KIDNEY FOLLOWING CHRONIC EXPOSURE (100 WKS) TO THE WATER DISINFECTANT BYPRODUCT AND RENAL CARCINOGEN, POTASSIUM BROMATE. |
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Gene expression profiling of the rat kidney following chronic exposure (100 wks) to the water
disinfectant byproduct and renal carcinogen, potassium bromate.
Don Delker, ...
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GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING TO IDENTIFY MECHANISMS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY |
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Gene Expression Profiling to Identify Mechanisms of Male Reproductive Toxicity
David J. Dix
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research ...
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GENE-TOX CARCINOGEN DATA BASE: CONSTRUCTION, DESCRIPTION, AND ANALYSIS |
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The Gene-Tox Carcinogen Data Base is an evaluated source of cancer data on 506 chemicals selected in part for their previous assessment in genetic toxicology bioassays. Chemicals i...
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GENE-TOX CARCINOGENS AND NON-CARCINOGENS: AN ANALYSIS OF SHORT-TERM BIOASSAYS IN GENETIC TOXICOLOGY |
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The Gene-Tox Carcinogen Data Base is an evaluated source of cancer data on 506 chemicals selected in part for their previous assessment in genetic toxicology bioassays. The data ba...
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GENERATION OF TWO NOVEL CELL LINES THAT STABLY EXPRESS HAR AND FIREFLY LUCIFERASE GENES FOR ENDOCRINE SCREENING |
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Generation of Two Novel Cell Lines that Stably Express hAR and Firefly Luciferase Genes for Endocrine Screening
K.L. Bobseine*1, W.R. Kelce2, P.C. Hartig*1, and L.E. Gray, Jr.1<...
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GENERATION OF TWO STABLE CELL LINES THAT EXPRESS HER-ALPHA OR HER-ALPHA AND -BETA AND FIREFLY LUCIFERASE GENES FOR ENDOCRINE SCREENING |
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Generation of Two Stable Cell Lines that Express hERa or
hERa and b and Firefly Luciferase Genes for Endocrine Screening
K.L. Bobseine*1, W.R. Kelce2, P.C. Hartig*1, an...
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GENETIC ACTIVITY PROFILES AND HAZARD ASSESSMENT |
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A methodology has been developed to display and evaluate multiple test quantitative information on genetic toxicants for purposes of hazard/risk assessment. ose information is coll...
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GENETIC ACTIVITY PROFILES OF SOME CHEMICALS FOUND IN HAZARDOUS WASTES |
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A methodology has been developed to display and evaluate multiple test quantitative information on genetic toxicants. Dose information is collected from the open literature. Geneti...
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GENETIC ACTIVITY PROFILES--APPLICATION IN ASSESSING POTENTIAL CARCINOGENICITY OF COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES |
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Some knowledge of the potential genetic activity of a complex environmental mixture may be gained from an assessment of the genetic activity of its component chemicals. he expanded...
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GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER RISK. (R825282) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF BENZOIN AND CAPROLACTAM |
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Based on animal carcinogenesis studies, benzoin and caprolactam have been classified as noncarcinogens. he genetic toxicity of both compounds has been thoroughly evaluated in short...
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GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS OF SURROGATE TISSUES FOR ASSESSING TOXIC EXPOSURES AND DISEASE STATES |
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Genomic and Proteomic Analysis of Surrogate Tissues for Assessing Toxic Exposures and Disease States
David J. Dix and John C. Rockett
Reproductive Toxicology Division, Nation...
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GENOTOXICITY OF TOBACCO SMOKE AND TOBACCO SMOKE CONDENSATE: A REVIEW |
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Genotoxicity of Tobacco Smoke and Tobacco Smoke Condensate: A Review
Abstract
This report reviews the literature on the genotoxicity of main-stream tobacco smoke and cigaret...
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GENOTOXICITY STUDIES OF BENZ(1)ACEANTHRYLENE |
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The genotoxicity of the cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, benz(1)aceanthrylene (B(1)A),was evaluated in vitro using the L5178Y/T (K sup +/-) mouse lymphoma assay an...
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GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE M1 (GSTM1) NULL GENOTYPE AND BENZIDINE-ASSOCIATED BLADDER CANCER, URINE MUTAGENICITY, AND EXFOLIATED UROTHELIAL CELL DNA ADDUCTS |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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GRAND PLAZA SITE INVESTIGATION USING THE TRIAD APPROACH AND EVALUATION OF VAPOR INTRUSION - (ITER) |
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This document provides a detailed report about a field study conducted by EQM/URS on behalf of EPA/NRMRL to characterize the subsurface contamination of volatile organic compounds ...
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GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG WATERBORNE ASBESTOS, DIGESTIVE SYSTEM CANCER AND POPULATION DENSITY |
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Five statistical procedures were used to partial the correlation between water-borne asbestos and digestive site cancer for the putative effects of population density. These includ...
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GSTM1 AND GSTT1 GENOTYPES AND LUNG CANCER RISK ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO INDOOR COAL EMISSIONS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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The lung cancer mortality rate in Xuan Wei County, China is among the highest in the country and has been associated with exposure to indoor smoky coal emissions that contain high ...
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GSTM1 AND GSTT1 GENOTYPING AND P53 PROTEIN ACCUMULATION IN LUNG CANCER FROM EXPOSURE TO COAL EMISSIONS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT (1986) |
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In 1983, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS)/National Research Council (NRC) published its report entitled Risk Assessment in the Federal Government: Managing the Process. In th...
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GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT (1996) |
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EPA's cancer guidelines set forth recommended principles and procedures to guide EPA scientists in assessing the cancer risks from chemicals or other agents in the environment. The...
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GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT (2005) |
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In an effort to update key scientific risk assessment methodologies, EPA has published the revised |
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GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is today issuing final amended guidelines for assessing the risks for developmental toxicity from exposure to environmental agents. A...
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HEALTH AND EXPOSURE RESEARCH FOR THE AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY: THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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The Agricultural Health Study (AHS) is a collaborative effort between the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the U.S. Environment...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR ACRYLONITRILE. FINAL REPORT |
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Acute acrylonitrile intoxication in humans, like many volatile organic compounds, results in irritation of the eyes and nose, weakness, labored breathing, dizziness, impaired judge...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR BERYLLIUM. REVIEW DRAFT |
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The properties of beryllium resemble those of aluminum, zinc, and magnesium. The main routes of beryllium intake are inhalation and ingestion. The chemical properties of beryllium ...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE) UPDATED CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE): ADDENDUM |
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The addendum contains a review of the data from the latest National Toxicology Program (NTP) inhalation bioassay of dichloromethane (DCM) and an update of the inhalation cancer ris...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE), EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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Dichloromethane (DCM) is a solvent widely used for a variety of purposes. It has been detected in the ambient air of urban and non-urban areas of the United States and also in natu...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE). FINAL REPORT |
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Dichloromethane is used extensively in commercial and industrial solvent applications. The background atmospheric concentration is about 35 ppt. In surface water and drinking water...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DIESEL EMISSIONS (1994) |
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This report on the health effects of diesel combustion emissions, includes a quantitative cancer risk assessment, and a reference concentration (non-cancer) for lifetime exposure; ...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DIESEL EMISSIONS - VOLUME II OF II |
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This document reports on the health effects of diesel combustion emissions, including a quantitative cancer risk assessment, and a reference concentration (non-cancer) for lifetime...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST |
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This assessment examined information regarding the possible health hazards associated with exposure to diesel engine exhaust (DE), which is a mixture of gases and particles.
<...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR EPICHLOROHYDRIN. FINAL REPORT |
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This document summarizes current scientific information regarding the health and environmental effects of epichlorohydrin. Specifically, this document discusses the following topic...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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The largest single use of ethylene oxide is an intermediate in the synthesis of ethylene glycol. However, small amounts of this epoxide are used as a sterilant or pesticide in comm...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE. FINAL REPORT |
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The largest single use of ethylene oxide is as an intermediate in the synthesis of ethylene glycol. However, small amounts of this epoxide are used as a sterilant or pesticide in c...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR INORGANIC ARSENIC. FINAL REPORT |
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Inorganic arsenic, predominantly the tri- and pentavalent forms, is emitted to the environment primarily through smelting activity, biocide use and glass manufacturing. Monitoring ...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR NICKEL AND NICKEL COMPOUNDS. FINAL REPORT |
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The predominant atmospheric forms of nickel are as sulfate, oxides, and complex oxides. Nickel also occurs in ambient and drinking waters and soils. Routes of intake for man are in...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) |
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Tetrachloroethylene (PERC) is believed to exert its adverse effects upon humans via metabolism by the liver. Concern that PERC is likely to be a human carcinogen is based upon the ...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR VERMICULITE |
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Vermiculite is a nonfibrous silicate mineral with multiple consumer uses that has been shown to contain various concentrations of asbestiform fibers. ermiculite is a micaceous hydr...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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Vinylidene chloride is a highly reactive, flammable, clear colorless liquid. In the absence of chemical inhibitors, it can produce violently explosive, complex peroxides. The estim...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE. FINAL REPORT |
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Vinylidene chloride is a highly reactive, flammable, clear colorless liquid. In the absence of chemical inhibitors, it can produce violently explosive, complex peroxides. The estim...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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This assessment was conducted to review the new information that has become available since EPA's 1985 health assessment of 1,3-butadiene.
1,3-Butadiene is a gas used commer...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 1,2-DIPHENYLHYDRAZINE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 2,4- AND 2,6-DINITROTOLUENE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR 2-CHLOROPHENOL AND 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOL |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACENAPHTHYLENE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACETONITRILE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACROLEIN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACRYLONITRILE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ALDRIN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ALPHA- AND BETA-ENDOSULFAN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ALUMINUM |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR AMMONIA |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ANTIMONY AND COMPOUNDS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BENZIDINE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BERYLLIUM AND COMPOUNDS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BIS(2-CHLOROETHYL)ETHER |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BORON AND COMPOUNDS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BROMOMETHANE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CHLOROMETHANE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CREOSOTE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIBENZOFURAN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DICHLOROBENZENES |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIELDRIN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DIMETHYLPHENOLS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ENDRIN |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYL ETHER |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ETHYLENE GLYCOL |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR FULLY HALOGENATED METHANES |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR HEPTACHLOR |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR HEXACHLOROETHANE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ISOPHORONE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR MIREX |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR N-NITROSODIPHENYLAMINE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR N-PENTANE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR NITROBENZENE |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR NITROPHENOLS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED PHTHALIC ACID ESTERS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TIN AND COMPOUNDS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TRIHALOGENATED METHANES |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TRIMETHYLBENZENES |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR VANADIUM AND COMPOUNDS |
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The report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office o...
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HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT SUMMARY TABLES (HEAST) |
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The Annual Health Effects Summary Tables (HEAST) are for use at both Superfund and RCRA sites. It is maintained by the Environmental Protection Agencys Office of Superfund Remediat...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER: RESEARCH NEEDS |
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Research needed to resolve the uncertainties of cancer risk from ingestion of arsenic in drinking water is described. he recommendations fall into two categories reflecting the are...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS (BFRS) |
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Abstract Brominated flame retardant use has increased dramatically in order to provide fire safety to consumers. However, there is growing concern about widespread environ...
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HEALTH EFFECTS OF PASSIVE SMOKING: ASSESSMENT OF LUNG CANCER IN ADULTS AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS IN CHILDREN |
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This draft document addresses the scientific, mostly epidemiologic, evidence on the potential association between passive smoking or Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and (1) lung ...
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HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This risk assessment of 1,3-butadiene, a gas used commercially in the production of various resins and plastics, concludes that 1,3-butadiene is a known human carcinogen, based on ...
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HEALTH RISK ISSUES FOR OXYGENATES |
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A substantial database exists on the inhalation toxicity of MTBE, but exposure information and health effects data for non-inhalation routes of exposure are limited. In addition, ...
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HEALTH RISK ISSUES RELATED TO MTBE IN DRINKING WATER |
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Despite the attention given to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) as a contaminant in ground water and surface water, the implications of such contamination for human health have n...
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HORMONALLY ACTIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO RISK FOR REPRODUCTIVE CANCER AMONG WOMEN. (R825816) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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HOUSEHOLD STOVE IMPROVEMENT AND RISK OF LUNG CANCER IN XUANWEI, CHINA |
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Background:
Lung cancer rates in rural Xuanwei County, Yunnan Province, are among the highest in China. Residents traditionally burned "smoky" coal in unvented indoor fi...
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HOUSEHOLD STOVE IMPROVEMENTS AND REDUCTION OF LUNG CANCER RISK IN XUANWEI, CHINA |
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In rural Xuanwei County, lung cancer rates are among China's highest. For household heating and cooking, residents traditionally used unvented indoor firepits, which generate very...
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HOW POISONING EPISODES INFORM OUR UNDERSTANDING OF POPULATION EFFECTS AT BACKGROUND EXPOSURES |
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During the past one hundred years, there have been a number of episodes involving high exposures to 2.3.7.8-TCDD or related compounds. Some of these have been accidental; others i...
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HUMAN CARCINOGENESIS BY ARSENIC |
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Arsenic is one of the few human carcinogens for which there is not yet a reliable animal cancer model. s such, the classification of arsenic as a carcinogen is based upon data deri...
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HUMAN EXPOSURE AND DOSIMETRY OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN URINE FROM XUAN WEI, CHINA WITH HIGH LUNG CANCER MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO UNVENTED COAL SMOKE |
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Lung cancer mortality rate in Xuan Wei (XW) county, China is 5 times the China national average; women's rate is China's highest. W residents have been exposed to unvented coal or ...
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HUMAN EXPOSURE ESTIMATION FOR 2,3,7,8-TCDD |
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Exposure assessment procedures have been developed using relevant and likely scenarios through which humans could be exposed to dioxin-contaminated soil. Five exposure pathways wer...
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HUMAN HEALTH IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS |
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HUMAN HEALTH IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS.
Robert J. Kavlock, Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, ORD, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Tri...
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HUMAN HEALTH IMPACTS OF EXPOSURE TO POPS |
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The Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was adopted in 2001 to protect human health and the environment from chemicals that are highly toxic, persistent, b...
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HUMAN LUNG CANCER RISKS DUE TO COMPLEX ORGANIC MIXTURES OF COMBUSTION EMISSIONS |
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The study of Xuan Wei fuel use and lung cancer mortality and also the interim case-control study suggested an association between domestic smoky coal use and Xuan Wei lung cancer. ...
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IACP (INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT) EMISSIONS: TRANSFORMATIONS AND FATE |
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As part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP), diluted emissions from wood stoves and automobiles were injected into a Teflon smog chamber and irradiated to simulate their ph...
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IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL STABLE DEOXYGUANNOSINE AND DEOXYADENOSINE ADDUCTS OF BENZO[A]PYRENE-7,8-QUINONE FROM REACTIONS AT PHYSIOLOGICAL PH |
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Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is an archetypal member of the family of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and is a widely-distributed environmental pollutant. B[a]P is known to induc...
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IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON GENES AND PATHWAYS REGULATED BY PPARÁ ACTIVATORS |
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Exposure to peroxisome proliferator chemicals (PPC) leads to alterations in the balance between hepatocyte growth and apoptosis, increases in liver to body weights (LW/BW) and live...
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IDENTIFICATION OF DRINKING WATER CONTAMINANTS IN THE COURSE OF A CHILDHOOD CANCER INVESTIGATION IN TOMS RIVER, NEW JERSEY |
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Using a combination of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy (GC/IR) spectroscopic techniques, chemical contaminants and their h...
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IDENTIFICATION OF INTERSPECIES CONCORDANCE OF MECHANISMS OF ARSENIC INDUCED BLADDER CANCER BY GENE EXPRESSION. |
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Arsenic is a human carcinogen that induces urinary bladder cancer. Several mechanisms have been proposed for arsenic-induced cancer. Although inorganic arsenic (iAs) does not induc...
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IDENTIFICATION OF INTERSPECIES CONCORDANCE OF MECHANISMS OF ARSENIC-INDUCED BLADDER CANCER |
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Exposure to arsenic causes cancer by inducing a variety of responses that affect the expression of genes associated with numerous biological pathways leading to altered cell growth...
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IDENTIFICATION OF NEW BROMINATED ACIDS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Since chloroform was identified as the first disinfection by-product (DBP) in drinking water, there has been more than 25 years of research on DBPs. Despite these efforts, more th...
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IDENTIFICATION OF POLLUTANTS IN A MUNICIPAL WELL USING HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY |
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An elevated incidence of childhood cancer was observed near a contaminated site. Trace amounts of several isomeric compounds were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (...
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IDENTIFICATION OF POLLUTANTS IN A MUNICIPAL WELL USING MASS PEAK PROFILING OF THE MOLECULAR ION AND FRAGMENT IONS |
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An elevated incidence of childhood cancer was observed near a contaminated site. Trace amounts of several isomeric compounds were detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrome...
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IDENTIFICATION OF UNANTICIPATED COMPOUNDS BY HIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY |
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Localized outbreaks of acute illness could result from deliberate addition of unanticipated
compounds into water, air, or food. Cancer clusters resulting from long-term exposur...
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IDENTIFYING CRITICAL WINDOWS OF EXPOSURE FOR CHILDREN'S HEALTH |
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Several authors have considered the importance of exposure timing and how this affects the outcomes observed, but no one has systematically compiled preconceptional, prentatal, and...
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IMPLEMENTATION OF EPA REVISED CANCER ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES: INCORPORATION OF MECHANISTIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC DATA |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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IN SITU ASSESSMENT OF GENOTOXIC HAZARDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION |
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The potential impact of environmental pollutants on human health can be evaluated by laboratory analysis of environmental samples or by measurement of biological effects on indigen...
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IN VITRO MAMMALIAN MUTAGENESIS AS A MODEL FOR GENETIC LESIONS IN HUMAN CANCER |
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Recently, in vitro mammalian cell assays of mutagenesis have been criticized as being poorly predictive of long-term in vivo rodent assays of carcinogenicity. Yet in vitro as says ...
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IN VITRO STUDIES OF CHEMICAL EFFECTS ON GAP-JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION: ROLE OF BIOTRANSFORMATION IN TOXICANT DETECTION AND USE OF ASSAYS IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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A correlation is emerging between the capacity of chemical substances to inhibit gap-junctional intercellular communication in vitro and their capacity to induce reproductive and d...
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INCORPORATING CELL PROLIFERATION IN QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: APPROACHES, ISSUES, AND UNCERTAINTIES |
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A two-stage tumor growth model that explicitly incorporates mitoticrate of initiated cells is developed. s an example, the model isapplied to data from dinitrotoluene (DNT) studies...
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INCORPORATION OF BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: EXAMPLE--VINYL CHLORIDE |
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Vinyl chloride (VC) is used as an example to demonstrate how biological information can be incorporated into quantitative risk assessment. The information included is the pharmacok...
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INCORPORATION OF BROMODEOXYURIDINE IN GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE-POSITIVE HEPATOCYTES DURING RAT MULTISTAGE HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS |
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Cell proliferation is pivotal to all stages of the carcinogenesis process and is one of the primary characteristics of the promotion stage of cancer development. wo-stage model of ...
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INCORPORATION OF MECHANISTIC DATA INTO CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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INCORPORATION OF MOLECULAR ENDPOINTS INTO QUANTITATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently released its Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. These new guidelines benefit from the significant progress that has be...
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INDIRECT EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT AT THE U.S. EPA |
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In the early 1980s, exposures and subsequent health impact assessments from contaminants emitted into the air from stationary sources focused on the inhalation pathway. This 'direc...
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INDOOR AIR EXPOSURE TO COAL AND WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS IN XUAN WEI, CHINA, WITH A HIGH LUNG CANCER RATE |
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Residents of Xuan Wei County in China have unusually high lung cancer mortality that cannot be attributed to tobacco use or occupational exposure. hey are exposed to smoke from unv...
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INDOOR AIR SAMPLING AND MUTAGENICITY STUDIES RELATED TO EMISSIONS FROM UNVENTED COAL COMBUSTION |
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The purpose of the study is to develop sampling strategies and bioassay methods for indoor air in homes. The work reported here was conducted to prepare for a joint U.S.-China fiel...
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INDUCED AND SPONTANEOUS NEOPLASIA IN ZEBRAFISH. |
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To address the potential of zebrafish as a cancer model, it is important to determine the susceptibility of zebrafish to tumors, and to compare zebrafish tumors with human tumors. ...
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INDUCTION OF CYP1A1 AND CYP1B1 IN T-47D HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS BY BENZO[A]PYRENE IS DIMINISHED BY ARSENITE. (R827180) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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INDUCTION OF DNA-PROTEIN CROSSLINKS BY THE METABOLISM OF DICHLOROMETHANE IN V79 CELL LINES TRANSFECTED WITH THE MURINE GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE THETA 1 GENE |
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Dichloromethane (DCM) is considered a probable human carcinogen. Laboratory studies have shown an increased incidence of lung and liver cancer in mice but not in rats or hamsters. ...
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INDUCTION OF GENOTOXIC DAMAGE IS NOT HIGHLY CORRELATED WITH THE ABILITY OT METHYLATE ARSENITE IN VITRO IN THE LEUKOCYTES OF 4 MAMMALIAN SPECIES |
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Abstract
Arsenic is a natural drinking water contaminant that impacts the health of large populations of people throughout the world; however, the mode or mechanism by w...
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INDUCTION OF PROPHAGE LAMBDA BY CHLOROPHENOLS |
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Chlorinated phenols, which are used primarily as wood preservatives and fungicides, are present in most air, water, and soil samples in industrialized areas as well as in urine and...
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INDUCTION OF TRANSTITIONAL CELL HYPERPLASIA IN THE URINARY BLADDER AND ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLON OF RATS TREATED WITH INDIVIDUAL AND A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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ABSTRACT
Cancer of the urinary bladder and colon are significant human health concerns. Epidemiological studies have suggested a correlation between these cancers and the...
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INDUCTION OF URINARY BLADDER PATHOLOGY IN MALE AND FEMALE C3H MICE EXPOSED TO SODIUM ARSENITE FROM GESTATION THROUGH YOUNG ADULTHOOD |
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Epidemiology studies suggest that chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic is associated with cancer of the skin, urinary bladder and lung as well as the kidney and liver. Recently, a...
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INDUCTION, ACCUMULATION, AND PERSISTENCE OF SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES IN WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER RECEIVING CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, ANDRIAMYCIN, AND 5-FLUOROACIL CHEMOTHERAPY |
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The induction, stimulation, and persistence of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE's) and high SCE frequency cells (HFC's) was measured in peripheral lymphocytes of women with breast c...
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INFLUENCE OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUNDS (EDCS) ON MAMMARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT AND TUMOR SUSCEPTIBILITY |
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Influence of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds (EDCs) on Mammary Gland Development and Tumor Susceptibility.
Suzanne E. Fenton1, and Jennifer Rayner1,2
1 Reproductive T...
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INFLUENCE OF THE WATER-ACCOMMODATED FRACTION OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL ON ENERGETICS OF 'CANCER IRRORATUS' LARVAE |
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The influence of the water-accommodated fraction of No. 2 fuel oil on aspects of larval development of Cancer irroratus (Say) has been investigated. Rates of survival, respiration,...
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INGESTION DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL FOR BENZO[A]PYRENE |
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This is a continuation of the analysis of the Neal-Rigdon dietary carcinogenesis data for Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) reported in EPA Contract 68-02-4403, dated April 1988. t was found ...
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INHIBITION OF FRIED MEAT-INDUCED DNA DAMAGE: A DIETARY INTERVENTION STUDY IN HUMANS |
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Dietary exposures have been implicated as risk factors in colorectal cancer. Such agents may act by causing DNA damage or may be protective against DNA damage. The effects of dieta...
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INHIBITION OF INDOLEAMINE 2,3-DIOXYGENASE DOES NOT IMPEDE ORAL TOLERANCE |
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Rationale: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a tryptophan catabolizing enzyme, regulates immune tolerance through inhibition of T-cell proliferation. Pharmacologic inhibition of ...
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INITIATION/PROMOTION BIOASSAY IN RAT LIVER: USE OF GAMMA GLUTAMYLTRANSPEPTIDASE-POSITIVE FOCI TO INDICATE CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY |
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Gamma Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTase)-positive foci have been used to indicate activity in an initiation/promotion bioassay in rat liver. This rat liver foci bioassay has been prop...
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INSIGHTS INTO THE CARCINOGENIC MODE OF ACTION OF ARSENIC |
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That arsenic can induce cancer in humans has been known since the late 17th century, yet how arsenic induces cancer has been the subject of numerous scientific publications. Vario...
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INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT, SOURCE MEASUREMENT |
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The paper describes tests of four woodstove operating parameters at two levels each: burn rate, wood moisture, wood load, and wood type. A half-factorial experimental test design a...
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INTEGRATED QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT OF INORGANIC ARSENIC |
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This paper attempts to make an integrated risk assessment of arsenic, using data on humans exposed to arsenic via inhalation and ingestion. he data useful for making an integrated ...
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INTEGRATION OF PATHOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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In order to develop a scientifically defensible assessment of the risk for the development of cancer after long-term exposure to xenobiotics, regulatory agencies have adopted a uni...
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INTERIM ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF 2,3,7,8-TCDD TO AQUATIC LIFE AND ASSOCIATED WILDLIFE |
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In April 1991, the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced that the Agency would conduct a scientific reassessment of the risk of 2,3,7,8-tetrachl...
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INTERNATIONAL STUDY ON 'ARTEMIA' VI. NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GEOGRAPHICAL AND TEMPORAL STRAINS OF 'ARTEMIA': EFFECTS ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF TWO SPECIES OF BRACHYURAN LARVAE |
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Five geographical strains of Artemia were compared for their effects on the survival and growth of Rhithropanopeus harrisii and Cancer irroratus larvae. High survival during larval...
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INTERPRETATION OF THE CANCER RESPONSE TO POTENTIAL RENTAL CARCINOGENS IN THE TSC2 KNOCKOUT (EKER) RAT IS DEPENDENT ON LENGTH OF TREATMENT. |
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INTERPRETATION OF THE CANCER RESPONSE TO POTENTIAL RENAL CARCINOGENS IN THE TSC2 KNOCKOUT (EKER) RAT IS DEPENDENT ON LENGTH OF TREATMENT.
Genetically increasing the functio...
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INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID, A DRINKING WATER BY-PRODUCT OF THE CHLORINE DISINFECTION PROCESS |
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The reauthorization of The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 requires the EPA to develop a priority list of chemicals that are present in drinking water and to conduct research into ...
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INTERSPECIES SENSITIVITY TO CHEMICAL CARCINOGENS: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN MOUSE SKIN TUMORS AND HUMAN LUNG CANCER |
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This review focuses on the relationships between mouse skin tumors and human lung cancer and discusses these relationships from several perspectives. hese perspectives include: mou...
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INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY. GENOTOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY DATA BASES: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PRESENT SITUATION |
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This paper is an introduction to the Proceedings of the Intl. Symp. on Data Bases of Genotoxicity and Carcinogenicity and their Usefulness for Hazard Evaluations, held in Genova, I...
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INVESTIGATING UNCERTAINTY AND SENSITIVITY IN INTEGRATED MULTIMEDIA ENVIRONMENTAL MODELS: TOOLS FOR 3MRA |
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Sufficiently elucidating uncertainty and sensitivity structures in environmental models can be a difficult task, even for low-order, single-media constructs driven by a unique set ...
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INVESTIGATION OF A REPORTED CANCER CLUSTER IN RANDOLPH, MASSACHUSETTS |
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An increasingly common public health problem is the perception that disease incidence has increased or a cluster of disease has occurred in a community. n most cases, the disease o...
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INVESTIGATION OF BENZENE OXIDE IN BONE MARROW AND OTHER TISSUES OF F344 RATS FOLLOWING METABOLISM OF BENZENE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO |
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This study examines the initial activation of benzene, exploring key aspects of its metabolism by measurement of benzene oxide (BO) and BO-protein adducts in vitro and in vivo. T...
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO AGE-RELATED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ARSENIC CARCONOGENICITY |
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Environmental Issue. Arsenic compounds are ubiquitous throughout the environment and are a major health problem in many parts of the world. Human exposure to arsenic has been ident...
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO MOLECULAR PATHWAYS IN THE POST GENOME ERA: CROSS SPECIES COMPARATIVE GENOMICS APPROACH |
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Genome sequencing efforts in the past decade were aimed at generating draft sequences of many prokaryotic and eukaryotic model organisms. Successful completion of unicellular e...
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MODE OF ACTION OF ARSENIC |
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Arsenic is a ubiquitous metalloid to which there is significant human exposure through the air, water, and food. That arsenic can induce cancer in humans has been known since the l...
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IRIS ASSESSMENT FOR ACRYLAMIDE |
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Acrylamide polymer is primarily used in waste water treatment, paper and pulp processing, and mineral processing. Other uses include as a water soluble polymer in crude oil produc...
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IRIS ASSESSMENT FOR NAPHTHALENE |
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Naphthalene is a bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon that is naturally present in fossil fuels such as petroleum and coal. The major products made from naphthalene are moth repellants, ...
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IRIS DOCUMENTATION FOR STYRENE |
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Portions of the dose-response assessment for styrene are now being drafted through contract mechanisims and will be reviewed, when available, by Agency scientists. Those sections ...
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IRIS HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF 2,2',4,4'-TETRABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-47) CASRN 5436-43-12,2',4,4',5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-99) CASRN 60348-60-92,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-153) CASRN 68631-49-22,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-209) CASRN 1163-19-5 |
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Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in furniture foam (pentaBDE), plastics for TV cabinets, consumer electronics, wire insulation, and backcoatings ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE (PEER REVIEW PLAN) |
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EPA's assessment of the carcinogenic potential of 1,1,1-trichloroethane was entered into the IRIS database in 1988, and the assessment of noncancer effects following oral exposure ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE |
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EPA's assessment of the carcinogenic potential of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane was entered into the IRIS database in 1987. The IRIS program is preparing an update of the IRIS assessme...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 1,2,3-TRICHLOROPROPANE |
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EPA's assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of 1,2,3-trichloropropane (TCP) was added to the IRIS database in 1990. The IRIS program is updating th...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 1,4 - DIOXANE |
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1,4 -Dioxane is a cyclic ether that is primarily utilized for industrial applications. These applications include 1,4 -dioxane as a solvent, reaction medium, wetting, degreasing, ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENE (EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW) |
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The U.S. EPA is conducting a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the human health hazard and dose-response assessment of 1,4-dichlorobenzene that will appear on the Inte...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR 2,2,4-TRIMETHYLPENTANE |
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2,2,4-Trimethylpentane (CASRN 540-84-1; iso-octane) is a constituent of petroleum and gasoline. It is released into the environment by the petroleum industries during refining proc...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ACETALDEHYDE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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There is some concern that the ambient level of acetaldehyde is likely to increase should ethanol be substituted for MTBE in reformulated gasoline (RFG). Re-evaluation of acetaldeh...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ACETONE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Acetone is produced endogenously in the human body, although usually under conditions of stress such as starvation or high levels of exertion. Acetone is also produced syntheticall...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ACROLEIN (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Acrolein is a colorless to yellowish flammable liquid with a disagreeable, choking odor. The principal use of acrolein is as an intermediate in the synthesis of acrylic acid, whic...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ACRYLONITRILE |
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EPA's assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of acrylonitrile was last prepared and added to the IRIS database between 1991 and 1993. The IRIS progr...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR BENZO[A]PYRENE (BAP) |
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EPA's assessment of the carcinogenic potential of BaP was last prepared and added to the IRIS data base in 1992. The IRIS program is updating the IRIS assessment for BaP; this upd...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR BERYLLIUM AND COMPOUNDS |
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EPA's assessment of the carcinogenic potential of beryllium was last prepared and added to the IRIS data base in 1998. The IRIS program is updating the IRIS Toxicological Review a...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE |
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Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), also referred to as 1,2 benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl phenylmethyl ester, and benzyl n-butylphthalate, is a clear, oily liquid at room temperature. ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CANCER EFFECTS FROM ASBESTOS |
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In the last several years asbestos exposures and related health effects have become a public health concern at Superfund sites, as buildings are demolished or in other special situ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CARBON TETRACHLORIDE |
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Carbon tetrachloride is a volatile haloalkane with a wide range of industrial and chemical applications. It is produced commercially from chlorination of a variety of low molecula...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CERIUM OXIDE (STABLE) AND COMPOUNDS |
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Cerium is a member of the lanthanoid series of rare earth metals. It is also the most abundant and most reactive of the rare earth metals. Cerium oxidizes at room temperature and...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CHLOROETHANE |
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Toxicological data in the published literature on Chloroethane (CE) will be assimilated, reviewed, and intergated into a Toxicological Review of CE (assessment document), which se...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CHLOROETHANE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Chloroethane (CE) is a gaseous halohydrocarbon under ambient conditions. Its uses include: a topical analgesic, an anesthetic when mixed with nitrous dioxide or trichloroethane, a ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CHLOROPRENE |
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 -chloroprene (CASRN 126-99-8) or 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene is a volat...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CIS AND TRANS 1,2-DICHLOROETHYLENE |
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1,2-Dichloroethylene (1,2-DCE) is a solvent which was historically used not only in industrial applications, but also in consumer products: perfumes, dyes, resins, waxes, lacquers ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR DICHLOROBENZENES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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1,2-Dichlorobenzene is generally used as a chemical intermediate for making agricultural chemicals primarily herbicides, 1,3-dichlorobenzene is used as a fumigant in insecticides a...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ETHYL TERTIARY BUYL ETHER (ETBE) |
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Ethyl tertiary butyl ether (ETBE) is an oxygenate added to gasoline to reduce CO, and volatile organic compound emissions from the combustion of gasoline, and has been proposed as ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE |
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This toxicological review document will summarize the adverse health effects (cancer and non-cancer) of ethylene dichloride (EDC) and derive estimates of the dose-response charact...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR ETHYLENE OXIDE'S CARCINOGENICITY |
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The known carcinogenic effects of ethylene oxide will be summarized, with citations from current scientific literature. A hazard characterization consisting of a weight-of-evidenc...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR FORMALDEHYDE |
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Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a pungent and irritating gas with extensive uses in industrial processes and manufacturing of consumer products. Both natural and anthropogenic mechanisms r...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR HALOGENATED PLATINUM SALTS AND PLATINUM COMPOUNDS |
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Platinum (Pt) in its metallic form is commonly found in jewelry, and Pt compounds are used for a range of industrial and medical purposes. Pt compounds serve as industrial catalys...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR HEXACHLOROETHANE |
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Hexachloroethane (HCE) is primarily used as a degassing agent in aluminum foundries and in the military for smoke pots, smoke grenades, and pyrotechnic devices. HCE is also used a...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR KEPONE (CHLORDECONE) |
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Kepone is an organochlorine pesticide which is found at former manufacturing sites and sediments of contaminated river beds. The goal of this assessment is to evaluate both carcino...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR METHYL CHLORIDE |
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EPA's assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of methylene chloride was last prepared and added to the IRIS database between 1985 and 1990. The IRIS p...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR METHYL TERT-BUTYL ETHER (MTBE) |
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MTBE is a volatile organic chemical used to oxygenate gasoline. Oxygenated gasoline improves the exhaust emissions from gasoline engines. Since 1992 it has been used to comply wit...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE (DICHLOROMETHANE) |
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EPA's assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of methylene chloride was last prepared and added to the IRIS data base between 1985 and 1990, with the ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR N-HEXANE |
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EPA's assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of n-hexane was last prepared and added to the IRIS data base in 1990. The IRIS program is updating the...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR NITROBENZENE |
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EPAs assessment of the noncancer health effects and carcinogenic potential of nitrobenzene was last prepared and added to the IRIS database between 1987 and 1989. The IRIS program...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR PENTACHLOROPHENOL |
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Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was first registered in the United States in 1936 as a wood preservative to prevent decay from fungal organisms and insect damage. It was widely used as a ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR PHOSGENE |
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The known toxic effects of phosgene will be summarized, with citations from current scientific literature. The critical effects will be identified, and from this the RfD and RfC a...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS (EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW) |
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The U.S. EPA conducted a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the human health hazard and dose-response assessments of four congeners of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR PROPIONALDEHYDE |
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Propionaldehyde (CASRN 123-38-6) is a respiratory tract and skin irritant. Propionaldehyde is produced and used in the manufacturing of propionic acid, polyvinyl and other plastics...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE |
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The known toxic effects of perchloroethylene will be summarized, with citations from current scientific literature. The critical effects will be identified, and from this the RfD ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR THALLIUM AND COMPOUNDS |
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Thallium compounds are used in the semiconductor industry, the manufacture of optic lenses and low-melting glass, low-temperature thermometers, alloys, electronic devices, mercury ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR TOLUENE |
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Toluene is used as an additive to gasoline mixtures (BTEX) to increase octane ratings, in benzene production, and as a solvent in paints, coatings, inks, adhesives, and cleaners. A...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR TRICHLOROACETIC ACID |
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Trichloroacetic acid is a crystalline solid with sharp, pungent odor. It is used as a soil sterilizer; and as a laboratory intermediate or reagent in the synthesis of a variety of...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR TRICHLOROETHYLENE |
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This assessment presents EPA's most current evaluation of the potential health risks from exposure to TCE (trichloroethylene). TCE exposure is associated with several adverse heal...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR VINYL CHLORIDE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The Draft Toxicological Review was developed to evaluate both the cancer and non cancer human health risks from environmental exposure to vinyl chloride. A reference concentration ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR XYLENES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This draft assessment is a reevaluation of the toxicity of mixed xylenes. Mixed xylenes consists of the three isomers of xylenes and commonly contains ethylbenzene. Xylenes expos...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF 1,2-,1,3- AND 1,4-DICHLOROBENZENES |
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1,2-Dichlorobenzene is generally used as a chemical intermediate for making agricultural chemicals primarily herbicides, 1,3-dichlorobenzene is used as a fumigant in insecticides a...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF ETHYL BENZENE |
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The ethylbenzene IRIS assessment file was first online in 1987, and revised in 1991. The potential of ethylbenzene to cause cancer could not be determined at the time due to lack ...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF NITROBENZENE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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EPA is conducting a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the human health hazard and dose-response assessments of nitrobenzene, that will appear on the Integrated Risk In...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE (PERCHLOROETHYLENE) (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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EPA is conducting a peer review of the scientific basis supporting the human health hazard and dose-response assessment of tetrachloroethylene that will appear on the Integrated Ri...
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IRON INTAKE AND THE RISK OF COLORECTAL CANCER |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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IS INHALED ARSENIC CARCINOGENIC FOR SITES OTHER THAN THE LUNG? |
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The carcinogenic risk from inhaled arsenic for sites other an the lung is discussed. Data from persons ingesting arsenic as well as from persons inhaling arsenic are considered in ...
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IS THE DOSE-RESPONSE LINEAR OR NONLINEAR FOR GENOTOXIC EFFECTS? |
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IS THE DOSE-RESPONSE LINEAR OR NONLINEAR FOR GENOTOXIC EFFECTS?
Preston, RJ. Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Trian...
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ISOFORMS OF APOLIPOPROTEIN A-I IN THE SERUM OF BROWN BULLHEADS (AMEIURUS NEBULOSUS) WITH LIVER CANCER |
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1. Serum samples from 10 tumor-bearing (all fish with cholangiocellular carcinomas, some with both cholangio- and hepatocellular carcinomas) and 8 non-tumor-bearing brown bullheads...
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ISSUES IN MONITORING POPULATION EXPOSURES |
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This manuscript explores the risks associated with exposure to carcinogenic chemicals that have become a growing source of public concern. Steadily increasing numbers of agents are...
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ISSUES IN RISK ASSESSMENT IN MALE REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY |
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Efforts in the area of risk assessment have concentrated primarily on cancer as an outcome. However, attention is now being directed toward the development of strategies for assess...
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JOHNSON AND ETTINGER (1991) VAPOR INTRUSION MODEL WITH SUB-SLAB CONCENTRATION |
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Migration of volatile chemicals from the subsurface into overlying buildings is known as vapor intrusion (VI). Under certain circumstances, people living in homes above contaminat...
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JOURNAL ARTICLE: ANALYSIS OF IN VIVO AND IN VITRO DNA STRAND BREAKS FROM TRIHALOMETHANE EXPOSURE |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of two major causes of human mortality, colorectal and bladder cancer. Triha...
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K-RAS MUTATIONS IN LUNG CARCINOMAS FROM NONSMOKING WOMEN EXPOSED TO UNVENTED COAL SMOKE IN CHINA |
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Abstract Lung cancer mortality rate in nonsmoking women in Xuan Wei (XW) County is the highest in China. The XW lung cancer rate is associated with exposure to coal smoke, containi...
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KIDNEY TOXICOGENOMICS OF CHRONIC POTASSIUM BROMATE EXPOSURE IN F344 MALE RAT |
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Potassium bromate (KBrO3), used in both the food and cosmetics industry, and a drinking water disinfection by-product, is a nephrotoxic compound and rodent carcinogen. To gain insi...
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KINETIC MODELING OF B-CHLOROPRENE METABOLISM:II. THE APPLICATION OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED MODELLING FOR CANCER DOSE RESPONSE ANALYSIS |
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ABSTRACT
beta-Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, CD) which is used in the synthesis of polychloroprene, caused significant incidences of several tumor types in B6C3F1 mice and...
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LABORATORY EVALUATION OF MARINE FISHES AS CARCINOGEN ASSAY SUBJECTS |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Cancer Inst. (NCI) have major responsibilities for determining the fate and risks of carcinogenic agents in the natu...
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LACK OF DNA SINGLE STRAND BREAKS IN A LUNG EPITHELIAL CELL LINE AFTER EXPOSURE TO ARSENIC |
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Arsenic (As) is a carcinogen whose most important target organs include the skin and lungs. Exposure can occur via water ingestion, or inhalation, as As is a by-product of fossil f...
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LC/MSMS STUDY OF BENZO[A]PYRENE-7,8-QUINONE ADDUCTION TO GLOBIN TRYPTIC PEPTIDES AND N-ACETYLAMINO ACIDS |
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Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-quinone (BPQ) is regarded as a reactive genotoxic compound enzymatically formed from a xenobiotic precursor benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol by aldo-keto-reductase family...
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LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT AN INTRODUCTION AND INTERNATIONAL UPDATE |
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Research within the field of Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) has greatly improved since the work of Heijungs and Guinee in 1992. Within the UNEP / SETAC Life Cycle Initiative ...
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LIMITATIONS OF THE FLUORESCENT PROBE VIABILITY ASSAY |
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Cell viability commonly is determined flow cytometrically by the carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA)/propidium iodide (PI) assay. FDA is taken up by the viable cell and converted v...
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LIMITED EPIZOOTIC OF NEUROBLASTOMA IN COHO SALMON REARED IN CHLORINATED-DECHLORINATED WATER |
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During the 1976-77 brood year, approximately 12 cases of neuroblastoma were observed in a captive group of 100,000 fingerling coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) reared in a commerc...
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LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTS DURING DEVELOPMENT: EFFECTS ON ADULTHOOD IN RATS EXPOSED TO TOXICANTS OR UNDERNUTRITION IN UTERO. |
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Studies have shown correlations between in utero and early life environments and diseases later in life, including hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, obesity, schizoph...
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LONG-TERM INHALABLE PARTICLES AND OTHER AIR POLLUTANTS RELATED TO MORTALITY IN NONSMOKERS |
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Long-term ambient concentrations of inhalable particles less than 10 microm in diameter (PM10) (1973- 1992) and other air pollutants-total suspended sulfates, sulfur dioxide, ozone...
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LUNG CANCER AND INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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Xuan Wei County, China has an unusually high lung cancer mortality rate that cannot be attributed to tobacco use or occupational exposure. Most Xuan Wei residents, especially women...
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LUNG CANCER AND INDOOR EXPOSURE OF UNVENTED COAL AND WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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Residents of Xuan Wei County in China have unusually high lung cancer mortality that cannot be attributed to tobacco use or occupational exposure. They are exposed to smoke from un...
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LUNG CANCER, CARDIOPULMONARY MORTALITY AND LONG-TERM EXPOSURE TO FINE PARTICULATE AIR POLLUTION. (R827351) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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LUNG TUMOR KRAS AND TP53 MUTATIONS IN NONSMOKERS REFLECT EXPOSURE TO PAH-RICH COAL COMBUSTION EMISSIONS |
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Lung Tumor KRAS and TP53 Mutations in Nonsmokers Reflect Exposure to PAH-Rich
Coal Combustion Emissions
Use of smoky coal in unvented homes in Xuan Wei County, Yunnan P...
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Lessons Learned - Modeling Cancer Data |
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The primary goal of modeling in this exercise is to derive a single point of departure (POD) for use in calculating a margin of exposure (MOE) estimate, and evaluate its uncertaint...
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Low dose-response for benzo[a]pyrene induced stable DNA adducts and gene expression in strain A/J mouse lung |
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Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is a potent human and rodent lung carcinogen. The current EPA cancer risk assessment of B[a]P assumes that the risk posed by low level e...
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MAINSTREAM AND SIDESTREAM CIGARETTE SMOKE-INDUCED DNA ADDUCTS IN C7B1 AND DNA MICE |
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Exposure to environmentally tobacco smoke (ETS), which is largely composed of the sidestream cigarette smoke, has been implicated in increased incidence of cancer among nonsmokers....
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MAMMARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT: EARLY LIFE EFFECTS FROM THE ENVIRONMENT |
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Mammary Gland Development: Early Life Effects from the Environment
S.E. Fenton. Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, ORD,...
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MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF STEROIDOGENESIS: MOLECULAR RESPONSE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR EXPOSURES. |
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Scientists have identified alterations in the concentration dynamics of specific hormones at risk factors for common cancers such as breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and prostate...
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MEASUREMENT OF BENZENE OXIDE IN THE BLOOD OF RATS FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION OF BENZENE |
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Although it is generally assumed that metabolism of benzene proceeds through an initial step involving oxidation to benzene oxide (BO) by CYP450 in the liver, the production of B...
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MEASUREMENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) ASSOCIATED WITH FINE PARTICULATE MATTER TO ESTIMATE STATEWIDE CUMULATIVE EXPOSURES IN NORTH CAROLINA |
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Airborne particulate matter (PM) is routinely collected at over a thousand air monitoring stations across the nation using Teflon filters. After they are weighed to measure the am...
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MEASUREMENT OF TOXIC AND RELATED AIR POLLUTANTS. PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1987 EPA/APCA (ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY/AIR POLLUTION CONTROL ASSOCIATION) SYMPOSIUM HELD AT RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NORTH CAROLINA ON MAY 3-6, 1987 |
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Of the 124 papers presented at the Symposium, 100 are represented in the proceedings and are presented in the form of mini papers (3-6 pages). The contents are organized by session...
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MECHANISMS OF CARCINOGENICITY AND ANTICARCINOGENICITY: ROLE OF DIETARY COMPONENTS |
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The role of nutrition in the etiology of human disease, including cancer, has been recognized for a very long time. This knowledge and, perhaps, personal preference are reflected b...
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MECHANISTIC DATA & CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: THE NEED FOR QUANTITATIVE MOLECULAR ENDPOINTS |
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The cancer risk assessment process as currently proposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency allows for the use of mechanistic data to inform the low dose tumor response in...
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MECHANISTIC INFORMATION ON DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS FOR RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Colon cancer is the second most common cancer in people from developed countries, and populations exposed t o 50?g/L or more of trihalomethanes for at 1east 35 years have been es...
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MEETING AT RTP, NC - COMPARATIVE CYTOTOXICITY OF TRIHALOMETHANES (THMs) AND TRIHALONITROMETHANES (THNMs) IN CULTURED NORMAL HUMAN COLON CELLS |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The THMs [trichloromethane, TCM, bromo'dichloromethane,...
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MEETING IN ATLANTA, GA - COMPARATIVE CYTOTOXICITY OF TRIHALOMETHANES (THMs) AND TRIHALONITROMETHANES (THNMs) IN CULTURED NORMAL HUMAN COLON CELLS |
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Epidemiological studies have linked the consumption of chlorinated surface waters to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. The THMs [trichloromethane, TCM, bromodichloromethane, ...
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MEETING IN CHINA: CHLORINATED VS. CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because epidemiologic studies have shown that they are associated with bladder cancer and adverse reproductive/develop...
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MEETING IN CHINA: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEETING IN GERMANY: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEETING IN INDIANAPOLIS: CHLORINATED VS. CHLORAMINATED DRINKING WATER: TOXICITY-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF DBPS USING ESI-MS AND ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that they are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/development...
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MEETING IN NEW ZEALAND: EMERGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS AND CURRENT ISSUES |
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Much has been achieved in the way of environmental protection over the last 30 years. However, as we learn more, new concerns arise (including potential adverse health effects, bio...
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MEETING REPORT ASSESSING HUMAN GERM-CELL MUTAGENESIS IN THE POST-GENOME ERA: A CELEBRATION OF THE LEGACY OF WILLIAM LAWSON (BILL) RUSSELL |
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Although numerous germ-cell mutagens have been identified in animal model systems, to date, no human germ-cell mutagens have been confirmed. Because the genomic integrity of our g...
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MEETING REPORT OF THE EC/US WORKSHOP ON GENETIC RISK ASSESSMENT: "HUMAN GENETIC RISKS FROM EXPOSURE TO CHEMICALS, FOCUSING ON THE FEASIBILITY OF A PARALLELOGRAM APPROACH |
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This workshop was the concept of Professor Frits Sobels who passed away on the 6th of July, 1993. he underlying idea of the Sobel's parallelogram approach is that an estimate (base...
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MELATONIN ENHANCES JUNCTIONAL TRANSFER IN NORMAL C3H/1OT1/2 CELLS |
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There is strong evidence that pineal melatonin is involved in controlling neoplastic processes. e have reported that physiological, but not pharmacological or subphysiological, con...
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MERCURY SEPARATION FROM POLLUTANT WATER USING ZEOLITES |
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Arsenic is known to be a hazardous contaminant in drinking water that causes arsenical dermatitis and skin cancer. In the present work, the potential use of a variety of synthetic...
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METABOLIC PROPERTIES OF ISOLATED RAT LIVER CELL PREPARATIONS ENRICHED IN EPITHELIAL CELLS OTHER THAN HEPATOCYTES |
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A selected fraction of non-parenchymal cells was prepared from the liver of untreated rats, of rats 11-13 days after ligation of the common bile duct, and of rats fed for 4-5 weeks...
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METABOLISM AND TOXICITY OF AS IN HUMAN UROTHELIAL CELLS EXPRESSING RAT ARSENIC (+3 OXIDATION STATE)-METHYLTRANSFERASE |
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The enzymatic methylation of inorganic As (iAs) is catalyzed by As(+3 oxidation state)-methyltransferase (AS3MT). AS3MT is expressed in rat liver and in human hepatocytes However, ...
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METABOLISM, TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY OF TRICHLOROETHYLENE |
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Lifetime cancer or unit risk estimates for tichloroethylene (TRI) have been calculated on the basis of metabolized dose-tumor incidence relationships. reviously, it was common prac...
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METABOLITES OF BENZO[A]FLUORANTHENE ARE POTENT CYP1 INDUCERS IN T-47D HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS. (R827180) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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METHOD 521: DETERMINATION OF NITROSAMINES IN DRINKING WATER BY SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION AND CAPILLARY COLUMN GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH LARGE VOLUME INJECTION AND CHEMICAL IONIZATION TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY (MS/MS) |
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NDMA is an emerging drinking water contaminant that is of interest to EPA and the environmental community. Its presence in drinking water is a potential health concern, because th...
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METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH FOR MEASURING PRIORITY DBPS IN REVERSE OSMOSIS CONCENTRATED DRINKING WATER |
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Many disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when drinking water is chlorinated, but only a few are routinely measured or regulated. Various studies have revealed a plethora of ...
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METHODOLOGY FOR RANKING THE DEGREE OF HAZARD ASSOCIATED WITH EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS AND OTHER TOXIC CHEMICALS |
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A hazard index is an overall indicator of the potential harm of a hazardous substance to humans and the environment. This paper describes the use of a carcinogenicity index and a s...
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METHODS FOR ANALYZING OCCUPATIONAL COHORT DATA WITH APPLICATION TO LUNG CANCER IN U.S. URANIUM MINERS |
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Two methods were used to examine how lung cancer death rates vary with cumulative exposures to radiation and tobacco among uranium miners. he two methods produced similar results w...
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METHODS FOR DERIVATION OF INHALATION REFERENCE CONCENTRATIONS (RfCs) AND APPLICATION OF INHALATION DOSIMETRY |
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This document describes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) methodology for estimation of inhalation reference concentrations (RfCs) (earlier terminology was "inhalation...
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METHODS FOR EMERGING CONTAMINANT GROUPS: EXPLOSIVES AND NITROSAMINES |
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Background
In support of requirements in the Safe Drinking Water Act, the National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL), has been developing analytical methods for chemicals on t...
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METHODS OLD AND NEW FOR ANALYZING OCCUPATIONAL COHORT DATA |
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The person-years approach to analyzing mortality data from occupational cohorts was introduced in the mid-twentieth century. t cross-classifies all observed deaths and observation ...
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METHYL METHANESULFONATE-INDUCED GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS |
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METHYL METHANESULFONATE-INDUCED GENE EXPRESSION CHANGES IN HUMAN SKIN FIBROBLASTS. Geremy W. Knapp, Alan Tennant, and Russell D. Owen. Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Nati...
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METHYLATION INACTIVATES PENTAVALENT ARSENIC SPECIES BUT ACTIVATES TRIVALENT ARSENIC SPECIES TO POTENT GENOTOXICANTS |
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Methylation Inactivates Pentavalent Arsenic Species but Activates Trivalent Arsenic Species to Potent Genotoxicants
The sensitivity ofhumans to arsenic-induced cancer is th...
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METHYLATION OF ARSENITE BY SOME MAMMALIAN CELL LINES |
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THIS ABSTRACT WAS SUBMITTED ELECTRONICALLY;. SPACE CONSTRAINTS WERE SEVERE)
Methylation of Arsenite by Some Mammalian Cell Lines.
Methylation of arsenite is thought...
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METHYLATION OF SODIUM ARSENITE BY VARIOUS MAMMALIAN CELLS |
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Methylation of Sodium Arsenite by various Mammalian Cells
Methylation of arsenite (As 3-1) is thought to play an important role in the carcinogenicity of arsenic. AIM:...
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MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID-INDUCED CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION |
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MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF DICHLOROACETIC ACID-INDUCED CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION
Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a major by-product of water disinfection by chlorination. Se...
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MICRONUCLEI AND OTHER NUCLEAR ANOMALIES IN BUCCAL SMEARS: FIELD TEST IN SNUFF USERS |
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A revised protocol for the exfoliated cell micronucleus assay was ie d-teste in a population exposed to a genotoxic agent at levels associated with a significant increase in cancer...
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MICROWAVE PLASMA DETOXIFICATION PROCESS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES. PHASE II. SYSTEMS APPLICATION EVALUATION |
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This preliminary report has revealed new information on several highly toxic substances which exist within the continental U.S. for which there is no satisfactory means of disposal...
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MINI REVIEW - EPIGENETIC PROCESSES AND CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Abstract: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment encourages the use of mechanistic data in the assessment of human cancer risk at low ...
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MODE OF ACTION OF DIOXIN-LIKE VERSUS NON-DIOXIN-LIKE PCBS |
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Exposure of humans to polychlorinated biphenyls has been associated with different adverse effects such as immune impairment, changes in hormone levels, reproductive and neuropsyc...
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MODELING ACUTE EXPOSURE TO SOLAR RADIATION |
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One of the major technical challenges in calculating solar flux on the human form has been the complexity of the surface geometry (i.e., the surface normal vis a vis the incident...
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MODELS, MUDDLES AND MUD: PREDICTING BIOACCUMULATION OF SEDIMENT-ASSOCIATED POLLUTANTS |
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As is increasingly well documented and frequently stated in introductions, sediments are the ultimate sink for hydrophobic organic pollutants and heavy metals. hese pollutants are ...
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MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ASSOCIATED WITH BROMATE CARCINOGENICITY |
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Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a chemical oxidizing agent found in drinking water as a disinfection byproduct of surface water ozonation. Chronic exposures to KBrO3 cause renal cell ...
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MONETIZING THE PHARMACOLOGICAL BENEFITS OF PLANTS |
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Plants have always had a major role in medicine and public health, and the pharmacological potential of plants has been one of the major reasons for preserving biodiversity. hile t...
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MONITORING IACP SAMPLES AND CONSTRUCTION OF A CENTRALIZED DATA BASE |
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The Integrated Air Cancer Project's (IACP) first major field study was in Boise, Idaho during 1986-1987 and the second major field effort was in Roanoke, Virginia during l988-1989....
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MONITORING IACP SAMPLES AND CONSTRUCTION OF A CENTRALIZED DATABASE |
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The Integrated Air Cancer Project's (IACP) first major field study was in Boise, Idaho during 1986-1987 and the second major field effort was in Roanoke, Virginia during 1988-1989....
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MORTALITY AMONG FARMERS AND SPOUSES IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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In the Agricultural Health Study we evaluated the mortality experience of 52,395 farmers and 32,347 of their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina obtain information on cancer and o...
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MORTALITY AMONG PARTICIPANTS IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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Purpose: This analysis of the Agricultural Health Study cohort assesses the mortality experience of licensed pesticide applicators and their spouses.
Methods: This report i...
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MOUSE LIVER TUMOR DATA: ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY |
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A significant number of chemicals have been shown to be carcinogenic in mouse liver while lacking carcinogenic activity in other organs or tissues of mice or rats. The review focus...
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MOUSE SKIN TUMOR INITIATION-PROMOTION AND COMPLETE CARCINOGENESIS BIOASSAYS: MECHANISMS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF EMISSION SAMPLES |
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Extracts of soots obtained from various sources were applied to the skin of mice in an effort to identify carcinogens in these mixtures and to link these materials to the etiology ...
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MOUSE SKIN TUMORIGENICITY STUDIES OF INDOOR COAL AND WOOD COMBUSTION EMISSIONS FROM HOMES OF RESIDENTS IN XUAN WEI, CHINA WITH HIGH LUNG CANCER MORTALITY |
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The rural Xuan Wei County, Yunnan Province, China, has an unusually high lung cancer mortality rate that cannot be attributed to tobacco smoke or occupational exposure. he lung can...
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MOUSE SKIN TUMORS AND HUMAN LUNG CANCER: RELATIONSHIPS WITH COMPLEX ENVIRONMENTAL EMISSIONS |
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Historically, mouse skin tumorigenesis has been used to evaluate the tumorigenic effects of complex mixtures including human respiratory carcinogens. his study examines the quantit...
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MOUSE SKIN TUMORS AS A PREDICTOR OF HUMAN LUNG CANCER FOR COMPLEX EMISSIONS: AN OVERVIEW |
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In the late 1970's, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was forced with having to assess the impact of the introduction of the diesel-powered passenger automobile into the cur...
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MULTI-FACTOR POTENCY SCHEME FOR COMPARING THE CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICALS |
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A scheme for ranking the quantitative activity `of chemical carcinogens is described. his activity scheme uses as its base, dose potency measured as TD50, which after conversion in...
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MULTI-FACTOR RANKING SCHEME FOR COMPARING THE CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICALS |
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A scheme for ranking the quantitative activity of chemical carcinogens is described. his activity scheme uses as its base, dose potency measured as TD50, the chronic dose rate that...
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MULTIPLE DNA ADDUCTS IN LYMPHOCYTES OF SMOKERS AND NONSMOKERS DETERMINED BY 32P-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS |
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Identification of DNA adducts in peripheral lymphocytes could serve as a means of monitoring human exposure to potential genotoxic agents. n this study, DNA from peripheral lymphoc...
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MUTAGENIC ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL SOURCES APPORTIONED BY RECEPTOR MODELING |
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During the winter of 1985, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) collected air quality data and samples in residential locations in Albuquerque. ew Mexico and Raleigh, Nor...
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MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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1,3-Butadiene has been shown to be an indirect mutage in bacteria. Two of its potential metabolites, 3,4- epoxybutene and diepoxybutane, are genotoxic in prokaryote as well as euka...
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MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY OF COMPLEX COMBUSTION EMISSIONS:EMERGING MOLECULAR DATA TO IMPROVE RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics of various combustion emissions, as well as urban air, have been evaluated for their ability to induce mutations in Salmonella ...
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MUTAGENICITY AND CLASTOGENICITY OF TENIPOSIDE (VM-26) IN L5178Y/TK(+/-)-3.7.2C MOUSE LYMPHOMA CELLS |
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The antitumor drug teniposide (VM-26) is a potent inducer of DNA breaks (Long et al., Cancer Res., 45:3106, 1985), but it is only weakly mutagenic at the hprt locus in CHO cells (S...
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MUTAGENICITY AND DNA ADDUCT FORMATION OF PAH, NITRO-PAH, AND OXY-PAH FRACTIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICULATE MATTER FROM SAO PAULO, BRAZIL |
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Summary
What is the study?
Near roadway and immediate roadway exposures to transportation emissions gave very similar results in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay and in ...
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MUTAGENICITY AND MUTATION SPECTRA OF AIR AND WATER: ROLE OF GSST1-1 AND AKR GENOTYPES |
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Recent molecular epidemiology research confirms that an increased risk for bladder cancer is associated with dermal/inhalation exposure to chlorinated water (from bathing/showering...
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MUTAGENICITY OF 'M'-AMSA AND 'O'-AMSA IN MAMMALIAN CELLS DUE TO CLASTOGENIC MECHANISM: POSSIBLE ROLE OF TOPOISOMERASE |
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4-(9-Acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA), an antitumor agent, is a potent clastogen in a variety of mammalian cell lines, but it is only weakly mutagenic at the hprt ...
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MUTAGENICITY OF NITRITE-TREATED AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF 'PIPER BETLE'; L |
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Betel quid is chewed as a masticatory material by people in certain areas of Asia. The quid chewing has been related to oral cancer by epidemiological study. The mutagenic componen...
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MUTAGENICITY, CARCINOGENICITY, AND HUMAN CANCER RISK FROM INDOOR EXPOSURE TO COAL AND WOOD COMBUSTION IN XUAN WEI, CHINA |
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The residents in Xuan Wei County, China, have been exposed to high levels of combustion emissions from smoky and smokeless coal and wood combustion under unvented conditions in hom...
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MUTATION SPECTRA IN SALMONELLA OF SUNLIGHT, WHITE FLUORESCENT LIGHT, AND LIGHT FROM TANNING SALON BEDS: INDUCTION OF TANDEM MUTATIONS AND ROLE OF DNA REPAIR |
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We evaluated the mutagenicity of sunlight (SUN), uncovered cool white fluorescent light (FLR), and light from a tanning salon bed (TAN) at the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Sa...
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MUTATION SPECTRA OF SMOKY COAL COMBUSTION EMMISSIONS IN SALMONELLA REFLECTS THE TP53 AND KRAS MUTATIONS IN LUNG TUMORS FROM SMOKY COAL EXPOSED INDIVIDUALS |
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Mutation Spectra of Smoky Coal Combustion Emissions in Salmonella Reflect the TP53
and KRAS Mutations in Lung Tumors from Smoky Coal-Exposed Individuals
Abstract |
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MUTATION SPECTRA RESULTING FROM CARCINOGENIC EXPOSURE: FROM MODEL SYSTEMS TO CANCER-RELATED GENES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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MUTATION SPECTRUM OF CIGARETTE SMOKE CONDENSATE IN SALMONELLA: COMPARISON TO MUTATIONS IN SMOKING-ASSOCIATED TUMORS |
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We used colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in 1,600 revertants of salmonella induced by cigarette smoke conde...
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MUTATIONS IN SOIL: A REVIEW |
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The intentional and accidental discharges of toxic pollutants into the lithosphere results in soil contamination. In some cases (e.g., wood preserving wastes, coal-tar, airborne co...
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MX-INDUCED URINARY BLADDER EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA IN EKER RATS |
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MX-INDUCED URINARY BLADDER EPITHELIAL HYPERPLASIA IN EKER RATS
Epidemiological studies have shown a positive association between chronic exposure to chlorinated drinking wa...
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MY 20 YEARS EXPERIENCE IN CONDUCTING ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH STUDIES IN CHINA: (1) STUDIES ON LUNG CANCER AND INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN YUNNAN AND (2) HEALTH EFFECTS OF ARSENIC EXPOSURE VIA DRINKING WATER IN INNER MONGOLIA |
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As a research health scientist at U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, I have been very fortunate to have opportunities to work as a principal investigator for two major environme...
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Major carcinogenic pathways identified by gene expression analysis of peritoneal mesotheliomas following chemical treatment in F344 rats |
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This study was performed to characterize the gene expression profile and to identify the major carcinogenic pathways involved in rat peritoneal
mesothelioma (RPM) formation follow...
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Meeting in Canada: Chlorinated vs. Chloraminated Drinking Water: Toxicity-Based Identification of Disinfection By-Products Using ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because epidemiologic studies have shown that they are associated with bladder cancer and adverse reproductive/develop...
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Metabolic Changes Caused by Ethinylestradiol in Human Breast Cancer Cells as Observed by NMR Spectroscopy |
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To conduct cell culture based metabolomics, we have developed a novel sample preparation method using adherent mammalian cells, which is rapid, effective, and exhibits greater meta...
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NCI/EPA AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY (AHS): DEVELOPMENT OF THE BIOMARKER QUESTIONNAIRE |
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The National Cancer Institute (NCI), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), ind the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) have planned a long-term prospec...
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NERL'S QUEST TO REDUCE UNCERTAINTIES IN CHILDREN'S HEALTH AND RISK ASSESSMENTS |
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Data on children's exposure to chemical contaminants and their activities are very limited. Quantitative assessments rely heavily on major default assumptions as substitutes for...
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NHEERL RESEARCH ON CARCINOGENIC CONTAMINANTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Water research in the Environmental Carcinogenesis Division focuses on improved understanding of the mechanisms of mutagenesis and carcinogenesis of water contaminants for incorpor...
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NITROBENZENE CARCINOGENICITY |
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Nitrobenzene (NB, CAS No. 98-95-3) oxidizes to p-aminophenol and p-nitrophenol in animals and humans, while being reduced also to nitrosobenzene, phenylhydroxylamine, and aniline. ...
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NON-CANCER DOSE RESPONSE ASSESSMENTS WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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NONIONIZING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS AND CANCER |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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NOVEL EFFECTS OF DIOXIN ON BREAST DEVELOPMENT, FUNCTION, AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO CANCER |
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Breast cancer is the most common type of non-dermal cancer among women in this country. Breast cancer risk in women is known to be significantly influenced by genetics, but over 70...
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NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of hydroxyurea |
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The National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproducti...
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OBSERVATIONS OF CANCER INCIDENCE SURVEILLANCE IN DULUTH, MINNESOTA |
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In 1973, amphibole asbestos fibers were discovered in the municipal water supply of Duluth, Minnesota. The entire city population of approximately 100,000 was exposed during the la...
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OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES TO RADON: A PERSPECTIVE FOR MITIGATORS |
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The paper compares normal environmental and occupational exposures to radon and radon decay products for the occupational group including radon mitigators and diagnosticians. ccupa...
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OCCURRENCE, GENOTOXICITY, AND CARCINOGENICITY OF EMERGING DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: A REVIEW AND ROADMAP FOR RESEARCH |
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Occurrence, Genotoxicity, and Carcinogenicity of Emerging Disinfection By-products in Drinking Water: A Review and Roadmap for Research
Summary of Paper
What is study?...
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OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT'S FOUR LAB STUDY: TOXICOLOGICCAL AND CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPS) AND QUALITY ASSURANCE ACTIVITIES FOR A LARGE U. S. EPA MULTILABORATORY STUDY |
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Office of Research and Development's Four Lab Study: Toxicological and Chemical Evaluation of Complex Mixtures of Disinfection By-Products (DBPs), and Quality Assurance Activities...
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OPPORTUNITIES FOR APPLICATION OF TOXICOGENOMIC DATA IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Toxicogenomic data, in this caser transcriptional profiling, has been valuable in providing a deeper understanding of the cellular and molecular pathways that are altered in respon...
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ORD'S FOUR LAB STUDY: TOXICOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Disinfectants used in the production of drinking water react with naturally occurring organic and inorganic material in the source water to produce disinfection by-products (DBPs)....
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ORGAN AND SPECIES SPECIFICITY IN CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS |
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The focus of the Symposium and this volume is the relative susceptibility of specific animal species strains and organs to various carcinogens. For the first time, investigators in...
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ORGANIC AND INORGANIC ARSENICALS SENSITIZE HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL CELLS TO HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED DNA DAMAGE |
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The lungs are a target organ for arsenic carcinogenesis, however, its mechanism of action
remains unclear. Furthermore, it has been suggested that inorganic arsenic (iAs) can
pot...
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OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND DNA DAMAGE |
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Although working outdoors has frequently been considered more healthful than working indoors, a growing literature suggests that outdoor air exposures increase the risk for a varie...
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OVERVIEW OF STATISTICS ON ACUTE AND CHRONIC WATER CONTAMINATION PROBLEMS |
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Discussed in the paper are waterborne outbreaks of acute disease and the association of water contaminants with cardiovascular disease and cancer. A selected list of references pro...
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OVERVIEW OF THE MUTAGENICITY OF URBAN AIR |
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For the past 25 years, there has been great interest in the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of ambient air and in the sources of those genotoxicants. Prior to the 1980's, the eval...
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OVERVIEW: USING MODE OF ACTION AND LIFE STAGE INFORMATION TO EVALUATE THE HUMAN RELEVANCE OF ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA. |
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A manuscript summarizes a workshop aimed at developing a framework to determine the relevancy of animal modes-of-action for extrapolation to humans. A complete mode of action huma...
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OXIDATIVE DAMAGE-RELATED GENES AKR1C3 AND OGG1 MODULATE RISKS FOR LUNG CANCER DUE TO EXPOSURE TO PAH-RICH COAL COMBUSTION EMISSIONS |
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We studied polymorphisms in genes that generate, prevent, or repair oxidative damage and lung cancer risk among 118 cases and 113 controls in Xuan Wei China, where extremely high l...
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OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE IN DIESEL BUS MECHANICS |
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Rationale:
Diesel exposure has been associated with adverse health effects, including susceptibility to asthma, allergy and cancer. Previous epidemiological studies...
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Obesity and perinatal TCDD exposure increases mammary tumor incidence in FVB mice |
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Breast cancer risk consistently correlates with total lifetime exposure to estrogens. Because both TCDD and adipocytes impact the estrogen pathway, we examined how TCDD and obesit...
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Obesity and perinatal TCDD exposure increases mammary tumors in FVB mice |
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Risk of breast cancer has been consistently shown to correlate to total lifetime exposure to estrogens. Because both TCDD exposure and the state of obesity interact with the estro...
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P-POSTLABELING ANALYSIS OF AROMATIC DNA ADDUCTS IN FISH FROM POLLUTED AREAS |
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Brown bullheads (Ictalurus nebulosus) were sampled from sites in the Buffalo and Detroit Rivers where fish are exposed to high levels of sediment bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocar...
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P450 GENETIC VARIATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL AND WORKPLACE EXPOSURE |
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The Cytochrome P450 array detoxifies many chemicals by catalyzing the conversion of mostly hydrophobic chemicals into more hydrophilic forms that can subsequently be excreted by th...
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P53 PROTEIN OVEREXPRESSION IN SPUTUM AS A BIOMARKER FOR ASSESSING LUNG CANCER RISK |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PAH EXPOSURES OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN AND THEIR ADULT CAREGIVERS |
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The results of four small studies of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposures of preschool children in low-income families from the Piedmont area of North Carolina wer...
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PARALLEL COORDINATE PLOTS FOR REPRESENTING DISTRIBUTIONAL SUMMARIES IN MAP LEGENDS |
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This paper addresses the graphical representation of distributional summaries. he graphical design goal is to produce small-summary plots that are suitable as map legends for Choro...
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PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE INSTALLATION AND OPERATING COSTS OF ACTIVE SOIL DEPRESSURIZATION SYSTEMS FOR RESIDENTIAL RADON MITIGATION |
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The report gives results of a recent analysis showing that cost- effective indoor radon reduction technology is required for houses with initial radon concentrations < 4 pCi/L, bec...
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PARTIAL PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A HEPATOCYTE GROWTH FACTOR PRODUCED BY RAT HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA CELLS |
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Serum-free medium conditioned by confluent cultures of JM1 or JM2 rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells stimulated DNA synthesis in primary cultures of adult rat hepatocytes in a dose...
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PATHOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT FEASIBILITY STUDY |
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The report evaluates the practicality of formulating guidelines to assess the risk associated with exposure to pathogens in sludge. Risk assessment may be used to determine the lik...
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PCBS: CANCER DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT AND APPLICATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES (1996) |
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This report updates the cancer dose-response assessment for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and shows how information on toxicity, disposition, and environmental processes can be ...
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PCBS: CANCER DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT AND APPLICATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL MIXTURES (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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A cancer dose-response assessment is developed for PCBS, considering toxicity, disposition, and environmental processes to evaluate human cancer risk. ow-dose linear models are app...
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PCR PRIMERS SPECIFIC FOR DETECTION OF A RAT REPETITIVE SEQUENCE |
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Identification of a ne* oncogene gene is often accomplished by transection of genomic DNA of interest into a host of a different species that can respond to the altered phenotype. ...
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PERCHLORATE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION: TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND RISK CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON EMERGING INFORMATION (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Perchlorate (ClO4-) is an anion that originates as a contaminant in ground water and surface waters from the dissolution of ammonium, potassium, magnesium, or sodium salts. Because...
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PERINATAL EXPOSURE TO CHLOROPHENOXY HERBICIDES IN FOUR U.S. WHEAT PRODUCING STATES |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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PERSISTENT, BIOACCUMULATIVE, AND TOXIC POLLUTANTS (PBTS) |
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Article describes the class of compounds known as persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic pollutants (known as PBTs), including the mechanisms responsible for ability to build up th...
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PESTICIDE USE AND INCIDENT, SELF-REPORTED RETINAL DEGENERATION. |
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This was a poster presentation at the meeting of the steering committee of the Agricultural Health Study, which occurred at the NIEHS facility in Research Triangle Park, NC on Feb ...
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PESTICIDE USE AND PROSTATE CANCER INCIDENCE IN A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY |
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This product describes an analysis of potential associations between pesticide use and prostate cancer in the Agricultural Health Study epidemiological cohort....
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PESTICIDES AND LUNG CANCER RISK IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY |
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We examined the relationship between 50 widely used agricultural pesticides and lung cancer incidence in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study of 57,284 pestici...
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PHARMACOKINETICALLY BASED RISK ASSESSMENT OF WORKPLACE EXPOSURE OF BENZENE |
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Cancer risk from exposure to benzene for a working lifetime was estimated from data obtained in studies with rodents. ancers of the Zymbal gland and the blood-forming system were s...
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PHARMACOKINETICS IN LOW DOSE EXTRAPOLATION USING ANIMAL CANCER DATA |
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Data on rodents exposed to carcinogens indicate that their tumor probabilities are proportional to effective concentrations of parent compound or metabolites at the target tissues....
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PHILADELPHIA AIR TOXICS STUDY: EVALUATION OF RISK MANAGEMENT OPTIONS USING MIRA |
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Evaluation of risk management options usually takes place within single programs at the U.S. EPA. This can produce inadvertent tradeoffs among important criteria by risk managers ...
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PHTHALATE ESTER-INDUCED GUBERNACULAR LESIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED INSL-3 GENE EXPRESSION IN THE FETAL RAT TESTIS |
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Phthalate ester-induced gubernacular ligament lesions are associated with reduced Insl3 gene expression in the fetal rat testis during sexual differentiation.
VS Wilson, C Lambr...
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PHTHALATE ESTER-INDUCED GUBERNACULAR LIGAMENT LESIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED INSL3 GENE EXPRESSION IN THE FETAL RAT TESTIS DURING SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION |
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Phthalate ester-induced gubernacular ligament lesions are associated with reduced Insl3 gene expression in the fetal rat testis during sexual differentiation.
Vickie S Wilson, C...
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PHTHALATE ESTER-INDUCED MALFORMATIONS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH CHANGES IN GENE EXPRESSION AND STEROID HORMONE PRODUCTION IN THE FETAL RAT TESTIS DURING SEXUAL DIFFERENTIATION |
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Phthalate ester-induced gubernacular ligament lesions are associated with reduced Insl3 gene expression in the fetal rat testis during sexual differentiation.
Vickie S Wilson, C...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON 'CANCER IRRORATUS' LARVAE. I. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON SURVIVAL, DEVELOPMENT RATE AND SIZE |
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Larvae of the rock crab Cancer irroratus were found to be eurythermal and stenohaline during development. Comparison of these laboratory-determined data on survival and growth with...
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PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON 'CANCER IRRORATUS' LARVAE. II. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE |
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Larvae of the rock crab Cancer irroratus were cultured under specific environmental regimes to examine the influence of temperature and salinity on respiration and excretion rates ...
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PILOT STUDY - USES OF MEDICARE MORBIDITY DATA IN HEALTH EFFECTS RESEARCH |
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This project is a pilot investigation of the practicability of utilizing Social Security Administration (SSA) Medicare morbidity data to supplement mortality data in cancer and oth...
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PILOT STUDY OF AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AND SURVIVAL FROM CANCER |
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The study was concerned with investigating the potential influence exerted by ambient concentrations of particulate and sulfur dioxide air pollutants upon the length of survival fo...
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PLASMID DNA DAMAGE CAUSED BY METHYLATED ARSENICALS, ASCORBIC ACID AND HUMAN LIVER FERRITIN |
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Plasmid DNA damage caused by methylated arsenicals, ascorbic acid and human liver ferritin.
Arsenic causes cancer in human skin, urinary bladder, lung, liver and kidney and...
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PLUME DIFFUSION IN A RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOOD DURING STABLE CONDITIONS |
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As part of the EPA Integrated Air Cancer Program, a series of atmospheric tracer releases was conducted to investigate plume dispersion under wintertime, nighttime conditions in an...
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POLYCHLORINATED DIOXIN AND FURAN DISCHARGE DURING CARBON REACTIVATION (JOURNAL VERSION) |
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Analyses are performed on samples collected from various effluent streams of a fluidized-bed and infrared furnace during reactivation of granular activated carbon (GAC) used in tre...
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PREDICTING RODENT CARCINOGENICITY OF AMES TEST "FALSE POSITIVES" BY IN VIVO BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS |
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Twenty-eight chemicals known to be mutagenic in the Ames test but not carcinogenic in rodent bioassays were selected for study. The effects of these chemicals on four biochemical a...
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PREDICTING RODENT CARCINOGENICITY OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON BY IN VIVO BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS |
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Forty halogenated hydrocarbons of known rodent carcinogenicity (24 carcinogens, 16 noncarcinogens), including many promoters of carcinogenesis, nongenotoxic carcinogens and hepatoc...
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PREGNANCY AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES IN RELATION TO DRINKING WATER ARSENIC EXPOSURE IN BAMEN, INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA |
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Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcomes in Relation to Drinking Water Arsenic Exposure in BaMen, Inner Mongolia, China
Danelle T. Lobdell, Zhixiong Ning, Richard K. Kwok, Judy Mumford,...
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PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF CANCER RATES IN PRIMARY ORGANIC CHEMICAL-PRODUCING COUNTIES |
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The study is designed to determine whether there is an association between cancer mortality and the production of environmental carcinogens. Mortality rates of counties containing ...
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PRELIMINARY SCREENING FOR THE POTENTIAL OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS TO ALTER MALE REPRODUCTION |
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There is increasing epidemiologic interest in the role drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPS) may play in adverse reproductive outcomes such as inability to conceive, sponta...
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PRENEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION OF RESPIRATORY EPITHELIAL CELLS BY COMPLEX ORGANIC MIXTURES IN A CLONAL ASSAY |
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In the study complex organic mixtures that were extracts of particulate emissions from 3 heating sources were tested for the presence of agents that induce preneoplastic transforma...
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PRIORITIES FOR BIOLOGIC MARKERS RESEARCH IN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH |
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Recent advances in molecular and cellular biology allow for measurement of biologic events or substances that may provide markers of exposure, effect or susceptibility in humans. h...
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PROCEDURES FOR CALCULATING LAG |
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Environmental regulations aimed at reducing cancer risks usually have the effect of reducing exposure to a carcinogen at the time the regulation is implemented. The reduction of ca...
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE WORKSHOP ON THE SENCAR MOUSE IN TOXICOLOGICAL TESTING HELD AT CINCINNATI, OHIO ON MAY 1-2, 1985 |
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Since the establishment of the more tumor susceptible SENCAR stock of mice, it has been used extensively in carcinogenesis assays by government agencies, academia, and commercial l...
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PRODUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS |
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PRODUCTION AND BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF METHYLATED TRIVALENT ARSENICALS
Miroslav Styblo1,2,*, Zuzana Drobna1, Felecia S. Walton1, Ilona Jaspers1,2, Shan Lin3,
Stephen ...
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PROFILES OF GENE EXPRESSION ASSOCIATED WITH TETRACYCLINE OVER EXPRESSION OF HSP70 IN MCF-7 BREAST CANCER CELLS |
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Profiles of gene expression associated with tetracycline over expression of HSP70 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) protect cells from damage through...
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PROLIFERATIVE HEPATOCELLULAR LESIONS OF THE RAT: REVIEW AND FUTURE USE IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The classification of certain experimentally induced proliferative hepatocellular lesions in the rat liver, other than carcinoma, has been the subject of great controversy. This pa...
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PROPOSED CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS FOR ARSENIC |
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PROPOSED CARCINOGENIC MECHANISMS FOR ARSENIC.
Arsenic is a human carcinogen in skin, lung, liver, urinary bladder and kidney. In contrast,
there is no accepted experime...
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PROPOSED GUIDELINES FOR CARCINOGEN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment were published in the Federal Register on April 23, 1996 (Federal Register: 17960-18011) for a 120-day public review and com...
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PROPOSED PROCEDURE FOR DERIVATION OF REGULATORY VALUES FOR CARCINOGENIC AIRBORNE POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS) BASED ON COAL TAR PITCH (CTP) VOLATILES |
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A procedure for estimating upper bound lifetime human cancer risk from air levels of 6 common carcinogenic PAHs, termed "PAHs of concern", is proposed. These PAHs are benzo(a)pyre...
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PROPOSED STANDARD TO GREATLY EXPAND PUBLIC ACCESS AND EXPLORATION OF TOXICITY DATA: EVALUATION OF STRUCTURE DATA FILE FORMAT |
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PROPOSED ST ANDARD TO GREA TL Y EXP AND PUBLIC ACCESS AND EXPLORATION OF TOXICITY DATA: EVALUATION OF STRUCTURE DATA FILE FORMAT
The ability to assess the potenti...
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PROSTATE REGULATION: MODELING ENDOGENOUS ANDROGENS & EXOGENOUS ANTIANDROGENS |
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ALTERATIONS IN PROSTATE WEIGHT AND HISTOPATHOLOGY ARE OBSERVED FOLLOWING IN UTERO, PUBERTAL AND ADULT EXPOSURES TO ANTIANDROGENS. ...
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PUBLIC HEALTH EFFECTS FROM INDUSTRIAL AMINES PRODUCTION, A PRELIMINARY EVALUATIVE APPROACH. VOLUME 2: APPENDICES |
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The volume gives five appendices in support of a report giving results of a study to assess the degree to which available data on health effects of chemical exposure, data from the...
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PUBLIC HEALTH EFFECTS FROM INDUSTRIAL AMINES PRODUCTION, A PRELIMINARY EVALUATIVE APPROACH. VOLUME I |
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The report gives results of a study to assess the degree to which available data on health effects of chemical exposure, data from the National Cancer Institute, and information on...
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Predictive Modeling of Apical Toxicity Endpoints Using Data From ToxCast |
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The US EPA and other regulatory agencies face a daunting challenge of evaluating potential toxicity for tens of thousands of environmental chemicals about which little is currently...
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Proteomic Analysis of Arsenic-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes |
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Chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (IAs) has been associated with the development of several human cancers, including those found in the skin, lung, urinary bladder, liver, pros...
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QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTING OF VERSION 1.3 OF U.S. EPA BENCHMARK DOSE SOFTWARE |
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EPA benchmark dose software (BMDS) issued to evaluate chemical dose-response data in support of Agency risk assessments, and must therefore be dependable. Quality assurance testi...
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QUANTITATION OF ABERRANT INTERLOCUS T-CELL RECEPTOR REARRANGEMENTS IN MOUSE THYMOCYTES AND THE EFFECT OF THE HERBICIDE 2,4- DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID |
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Quantitation of aberrant interlocus T-cell receptor rearrangements in mouse thymocytes and the effect of the herbicide 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Small studies in human...
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QUANTITATION OF MOLECULAR ENDPOINTS FOR THE DOSE-RESPONSE COMPONENT OF CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Cancer risk assessment involves the steps of hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterization. The rapid advances in the use of mol...
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QUANTITATIVE AND TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN DNA ADDUCT FORMATION IN TARGET AND SURROGATE TISSUES: IMPLICATIONS FOR BIOMONITORING |
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DNA-carcinogen adducts offer a potential dosimeter for environmental genotoxicants reaching the exposed individual. ecause the target tissues for many chemical carcinogens are not ...
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QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CANCER RISK FROM EXPOSURE TO DIESEL ENGINE EMISSIONS |
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Quantitative estimates of lung cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions were developed using data from three chronic bioassays with Fischer 344 rats. uman target organ ...
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QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY USING SHORT-TERM GENETIC BIOASSAYS: THE COMPARATIVE POTENCY METHOD |
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Quantitative risk assessment is fraught with many uncertainties. The validity of the assumptions underlying the methods employed are often difficult to test or validate. Cancer ris...
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QUANTITATIVE GENETIC ACTIVITY GRAPHICAL PROFILES FOR USE IN CHEMICAL EVALUATION |
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A graphic approach termed a Genetic Activity Profile (GAP) has been developed to display a matrix of data on the genetic and related effects of selected chemical agents. he profile...
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QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIP (QSAR) MODELS TO PREDICT CHEMICAL TOXICITY FOR VARIOUS HEALTH ENDPOINTS |
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Although ranking schemes based on exposure and toxicity have been developed to aid in the prioritization of research funds for identifying chemicals of regulatory concern, there ar...
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QUANTITATIVE TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY-METHODS AND INTERPRETATION' SESSION AT THE JOINT MEETING OF SOCIETY OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS AND THE INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF SOCIETIES OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGISTS |
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Report of the 'Quantitative Toxicologic Pathology - Methods and Interpretation' session at the Joint meeting of Society of Toxicologic Pathologists and the International Federation...
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RADIATION BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS FOR RADIATION PROTECTION |
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ABSTRACT
The opportunity to write a historical review of the field of radiation biology allows for the viewing of the development and maturity of a field of study, thereby b...
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RADON PROGENY DOSIMETRY IN THE RAT LUNG |
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Deposition, mucociliary clearance and dosimetry for the inhalation of radon progeny in the rat lung have been simulated for a va6ety of inhalation conditions. ur computations indic...
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RAT BLADDER CELL-MEDIATED MUTAGENESIS OF CHINESE HAMSTER V79 CELLS AND METABOLISM OF BENZO(A)PYRENE |
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Primary rat bladder epithelial cells were coculivated with Chinese hamster V79 cells in the presence of carcinogens, and the induction of 6-thioguanine resistance in the V79 cells ...
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RATIONALE FOR ASSESSMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT OF RISK FROM EXPOSURE TO 2,3,7,8-TCDD |
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The human health risk assessment is supported by methodology for utilizing toxic effects in animals consisting of carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic responses as a result of chronic,...
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RECENT ADVANCES IN ARSENIC CARCINOGENESIS: MODES OF ACTION, ANIMAL MODEL SYSTEMS AND METHYLATED ARSENIC METABOLITES |
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Abstract:
Recent advances in our knowledge of arsenic carcinogenesis include the development of rat or mouse models for all human organs in which inorganic arsenic is k...
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RECEPTOR MODELING RESULTS FROM THE INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT |
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EPA's Integrated Air Cancer Project has produced comprehensive winter time ambient air data bases from three widely separated airsheds (Albuquerque, NM, Raleigh, NC, Boise, ID), wh...
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REDUCTIONS IN HUMAN BENZENE EXPOSURE IN THE CALIFORNIA SOUTH COAST AIR BASIN. (R827352C004) |
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Benzene typically contributes a significant fraction of the human cancer risk associated with exposure to urban air pollutants. In recent years, concentrations of benzene in amb...
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REGRESSION ON MEDIANS OF PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS |
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The median is a fundamental parameter in the area of lifetime and survival statistics. n toxicodynamics the LD50, lethal dose that results in 50% mortality, is frequently used. he ...
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RELATING PERSONAL PM AND PM-ASSOCIATED ELEMENTAL CARBON EXPOSURES TO CARDIOVASCULAR AND PULMONARY SYMPTOMS IN A HIGH-RISK SUBPOLULATION |
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Sensitive subpopulations such as COPD patients have been shown to be especially susceptible to the effects of PM exposure. Proximity to traffic has been shown to be a predictor ...
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RELIABILITY OF REPORTING ON LIFESTYLE AND AGRICULTURAL FACTORS BY A SAMPLE OF PARTICIPANTS IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY FROM IOWA |
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Repeat interviews from 4,088 Iowa pesticide applicators participating in the Agricultural Health Study provided the opportunity to evaluate the reliability of self-reported infor...
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RENAL CARCINOGENICITY OF INDIVIDUAL AND A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBP) IN EKER RATS |
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RENAL CARCINOGENICITY OF INDIVIDUAL AND A MIXTURE OF DRINKING / WATER DISINFECTION BY -PRODUCTS (DBP) IN EKER RATS.
Eker rats develop hereditary renal cell carcinoma seconda...
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REPORT OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON NICKEL CARCINOGENESIS IN MAN |
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Ten cohorts of nickel exposed workers which had previously been studied in terms of total nickel exposure were updated and re-analyzed to evaluate the cancer risk from the various ...
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REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP ON CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES ISSUES |
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This report highlights issues and conclusions from an EPA Risk Assessment Forum and Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA) sponsored workshop on reviewing the Agency'...
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REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES IN THE MALE RAT |
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Conazoles are a class of fungicides used in pharmaceutical and agricultural applications. Three agricultural conazoles were selected, representing a range of reported cancer and re...
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS, 1977 |
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The results described in the report represent but a few of the projects supported by the Office of Research and Development in 1977. The program ranges from direct support to EPA's...
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RESEARCH REPORT ON THE RISK ASSESSMENT OF MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBPS) IN DRINKING WATER |
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This report presents a number of manuscripts and progress reports on statistical and biological research pertaining to the health risk assessment of simple DBP mixtures. Research ...
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RESEARCH TOWARD THE DEVELOPMENT OF A BIOLOGICALLY BASED DOSE RESPONSE ASSESSMENT FOR INORGANIC ARSENIC CARCINOGENICITY: A PROGRESS REPORT |
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Cancer risk assessments for inorganic arsenic have been based on human epidemiological data, assuming a linear dose-response below the range of observation of tumors. Part of the ...
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RESPIRATORY EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOUSEHOLD AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES |
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Acute and chronic respiratory diseases impose a huge public health burden in the developing world. A large and growing body of scientific evidence indicates that household air pol...
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RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS OF PASSIVE SMOKING (ALSO KNOWN AS EXPOSURE TO SECONDHAND SMOKE OR ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE - ETS) |
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In 1992, the EPA completed its risk assessment on The Respiratory Health Effects of Passive Smoking: Lu...
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RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS OF PASSIVE SMOKING: LUNG CANCER AND OTHER DISORDERS |
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This draft report addresses the weight of evidence on the potential associations between passive smoking or Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) and (1) lung cancer in nonsmoking adul...
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RESPIRATORY HEALTH EFFECTS OF PASSIVE SMOKING: U.S. EPA'S WEIGHT-OF-EVIDENCE ANALYSIS |
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After an extensive review and assessment of the scientific evidence on the respiratory health effects of passive smoking, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has determined th...
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RESPONSE TO KLAUNIG, J.E. ET AL, EPIGENETIC MECHANISMS OF CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS |
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The article by Klaunig et al. is a comprehensive review of the general principles underlying the induction of tumors by epigenetic mechanisms. The review describes the roles of cel...
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RESULTS OF QA/QC TESTING OF EPA BENCHMARK DOSE SOFTWARE VERSION 1.2 |
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EPA is developing benchmark dose software (BMDS) to support cancer and non-cancer dose-response assessments. Following the recent public review of BMDS version 1.1b, EPA developed...
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RESULTS OF RESEARCH RELATED TO STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION |
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Research on ozone protection has been coordinated under the Biological and Climatic Effects Research (BACER) Program. This is a multiagency, multidisciplinary effort initially fund...
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RESULTS OF THE NATIONWIDE DBP OCCURRENCE STUDY: IDENTIFICATION OF NEW AND INTERESTING DBPS |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants, such as chlorine, react with natural organic matter and bromide present in the water. Chloroform was ...
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RETHINKING HUMAN HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT. (R825758) |
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Most EIA programs around the world require the consideration of human health impacts. Yet relatively few EIA documents adequately address those impacts. This article examines how, ...
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RETINAL DEGENERATION AND OTHER EYE DISORDERS IN WIVES OF FARMER PESTICIDE APPLICATORS ENROLLED IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY. |
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This manuscript describes an epidemiological investigation of the wives of licensed pesticide applicators who are enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study, a large ongoing epidemi...
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RETROSPECTIVE VIEW OF THE VALUE OF SHORT-TERM GENETIC BIOASSAYS IN PREDICTING THE CHRONIC EFFECTS OF DIESEL SOOT |
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In retrospect, it is now safe to conclude that short-term mutagenicity assays were not only useful but instrumental in: (1) indicating that diesel soot was potentially carcinogenic...
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REVIEW OF DI (2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE (DEHP) RISK ASSESSMENTS |
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Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) is the prototype compound of a class of compounds known collectively as the phthalate esters. Lifetime bioassays in rats and mice have indicated th...
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REVIEW OF PUBLISHED STUDIES ON GUT PENETRATION BY INGESTED ASBESTOS FIBERS |
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During the 1970s, potential health risks associated with exposure to asbestos in drinking water became a national concern. One of the key questions that arose from debate over whet...
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REVIEW OF SOME TOXICOLOGY MODELS TO ASSESS HEALTH EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS |
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The passage of the Toxic Substances Control Act and the recognition over the past several years of the relationship between cancer incidence, other health effects, and environmenta...
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RISK ANALYSIS OF TCDD CONTAMINATED SOIL |
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This paper provides a methodology for estimating the human exposure and cancer risk associated with 2,3,7,8-TCDD contaminated soil. Five exposure pathways are addressed: dust inhal...
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RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT: FRAMEWORK FOR DECISION MAKING |
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The risk assessment and risk management initiatives described in this report are tools which will help make possible more efficient protection of the environment and human health. ...
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RISK ASSESSMENT FOR BENEFITS ANALYSIS |
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Among the important types of information considered in decision making at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are the outputs of risk assessments and benefit-cost analys...
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RISK ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES UPDATE, 1988 |
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In 1986, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency issued five guidelines for conducting risk assessments. The authors describe the process used by EPA to evaluate the health effect...
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RISK ASSESSMENT IS A DEVELOPING SCIENCE: APPROACHES TO IMPROVE EVALUATION OF SINGLE CHEMICALS AND CHEMICAL MIXTURES |
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The Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office of the U.S. EPA is engaged in the development of risk assessment guidelines and methodologies as part of the regulatory program of ...
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RISK ASSESSMENT ON (2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXY) ACETIC ACID (2,4,5-T), (2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOXY) PROPIONIC ACID, 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (TCDD) |
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Carcinogenic responses have been induced in mice and rats at low doses of TCDD. TCDD has been shown to be a cancer promoter. These results, together with the strongly suggestive ev...
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RISK OF MORTALITY, CANCER INCIDENCE AND STROKE IN A POPULATION POTENTIALLY EXPOSED TO CADMIUM. (R825173) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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ROANOKE WOODSTOVE EMISSION TESTS |
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The report discusses a project, part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project Roanoke study, that characterizes and quantifies emissions generated by burning authentic Roanoke cordwood...
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ROLE OF DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS IN CANCER |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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Remediation Evaluation Model for Chlorinated Solvents (REMChlor) |
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A new analytical solution has been developed for simulating the transient effects of groundwater source and plume remediation. This development was performed as part of a Strategi...
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Representing Chemical-Induced Liver Injury for Multiscale Tissue Modeling |
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This presentation will provide an overview of the knowledgebased approach for representing MoA information in rodents and its extrapolation/translation to humans....
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SAMPLE ACCOUNTABILITY QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR THE 'INTEGRATED AIR CANCER PROJECT' RESEARCH PROGRAM OF THE U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY |
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A sample accountability quality assurance (QA) program is described for a field and laboratory research effort which resulted in collection of approximately 2000 samples for analys...
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SCHEME FOR INCORPORATING DC MAGNETIC FIELDS INTO EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF EMF EXPOSURE |
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Experimental data on calcium-ion release in chicken brain tissue suggest that biological effects of electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) are concentrated at certain combinations of ...
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT REPORT ON NITROSAMINES |
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This report is a review and evaluation of the current knowledge of N-nitrosamines (NA) in the environment as related to possible deleterious effects on human health and welfare. So...
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SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT ON IN VITRO ASSAYS FOR THE AGENCY'S ENDOCRINE DISRUPTOR SCREENING PROGRAM |
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In response to the 1996 legislative mandate for an endocrine screening and testing program, we are helping develop, standardize and validate relatively sensitive, robust and relati...
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SCOPING THE CHEMICALS IN YOUR DRINKING WATER |
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Chlorine, the most common drinking water disinfectant in the United States, is effective for killing harmful microorganisms, but it produces a few disinfection byproducts (DBPS) ab...
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SELECTION OF MODELS FOR ASSESSING DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS FOR PARTICLE-INDUCED LUNG CANCER |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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SELECTIVE CHANGES IN BRAIN PROTEIN KINASE C ISOFORMS FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE TO A PCB MIXTURE. |
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Introduction
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) offer a unique model to understand the major issues related to complex environmental mixtures. These environmental pollutants are u...
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SERUM LEVELS OF SEVERAL ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN FARMERS CORRESPOND WITH DIETARY EXPOSURE AND LOCAL USE HISTORY |
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In response to reported increased cancer risks among farmers, the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) was designed to examine health outcomes and environmental exposures among farm fam...
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SMALL FISH MULTI-ENDPOINT BIOASSAY DEVELOPMENT |
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The U.S. EPA is required to regulate waterborne chemical contaminants. To make decisions regarding what to regulate and what levels of contaminant are acceptable, the Office of Wa...
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SOT 2008- TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES IN THYROID TISSUES FROM RATS TREATED WITH A TUMORIGENIC AND A NON-TUMORIGENIC TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDE |
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Conazoles are triazole- or imidazole-containing fungicides that are used in agriculture and medicine. Conazoles can induce follicular cell adenomas of the thyroid in rats after chr...
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SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF FINE PARTICLE ORGANICS AND MUTAGENICITY IN WINTERTIME ROANOKE |
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During the 1988-1989 winter the U.S. EPA conducted a comprehensive field study in Roanoke VA as part of its Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP). his paper presents results of the ...
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SOURCE APPORTIONMENT OF MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY OF FINE PARTICLE ORGANICS IN BOISE, IDAHO |
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A multiple linear regression receptor model has been used to apportion ambient concentrations of fine particle extractable organic matter (EOM) and associated mutagenicity (Salmone...
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SOURCE OF GENOTOXICITY AND CANCER RISK IN AMBIENT AIR |
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Products of incomplete combustion are identified as a major source of carcinogenic risk in urban areas, especially those from small non-industrial sources. he major ubiquitous emis...
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SPECIAL REPORT ON INGESTED INORGANIC ARSENIC |
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Arsenic exposure has long been associated with several different forms of human cancer. The association between inhaled arsenic and an elevated risk of lung cancer is well docum...
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SPECIAL REPORT ON INGESTED INORGANIC ARSENIC: SKIN CANCER; NUTRITIONAL ESSENTIALITY |
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A Technical Panel of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Risk Assessment Forum has studied three special issues regarding certain health effects, particularly skin cancer, a...
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SPECIAL REPORT ON INGESTED INORGANIC ARSENIC: SKIN CANCER; NUTRITIONAL ESSENTIALITY (SAB REVIEW DRAFT) |
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A technical panel of EPA's Risk Assessment Forum has studied three special issues regarding certain health effects, particularly skin cancer, associated with arsenic ingestion: (1)...
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SPECIATION OF ARSENIC IN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT MATRICES |
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The speciaton of arsenic in water, food and urine are analytical capabilities which are an essential part in arsenic risk assessment. The cancer risk associated with arsenic has be...
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SPECIES AND STRAIN SENSITIVITY TO THE INDUCTION OF PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION BY CHLOROACETIC ACIDS |
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B6C3F1 mice and Sprague-Dawley rats were provided drinking water containing 6 - 31 mM trichloroacetic acid (TCA), 8 - 39 mM dichloroacetic acid (DCA) or 11 - 33 mM monochloroacetic...
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SRC-DEPENDENT PHOSPHORYLATION OF THE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR ON TYROSINE 845 IS REQUIRED FOR ZINC-INDUCED RAS ACTIVATION |
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Src-dependent Phosphorylation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor on Tyrosine 845 Is Required for Zinc-induced Ras Activation
Weidong Wu 1 , Lee M. Graves 2 , Gordon N. Gill...
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STABLE VARIANTS OF SPERM ANEUPLOIDY AMONG HEALTHY MEN SHOW ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN GERMINAL AND SOMATIC ANEUPLOIDY |
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Stable variants of sperm aneuploidy among healthy men show associations between germinal and somatic aneuploidy
The purpose of this study was to identify healthy men who re...
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STATUS ASSESSMENT OF TOXIC CHEMICALS: BENZIDINE |
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The properties, sources, production processes, and uses of benzidine are reviewed in the report. Benzidine is a proven human carcinogen, and its widespread use as a dye intermediat...
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STOCHASTIC CANCER MODELS: APPLICATION TO ANALYSES OF SOLID CANCER INCIDENCE IN THE COHORT OF A-BOMB SURVIVORS. (R824762) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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STOCHASTIC HUMAN EXPOSURE AND DOSE SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE WOOD PRESERVATIVE SCENARIO (SHEDS-WOOD), VERSION 2 MODEL SAS CODE |
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Concerns have been raised regarding the safety of young children contacting arsenic and chromium residues while playing on and around Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) treated wood p...
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STRAIN-DEPENDENT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TRANSPLACENTALLY-INDUCED MURINE LUNG TUMORS |
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STRAIN-DEPENDENT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TRANSPLACENTALLY-INDUCED MURINE LUNG TUMORS
M S Miller, J E Moore, M Xu, G B Nelson, S T Dance, N D Kock, J A Ross Wake Forest University, Wi...
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STRAIN-DEPENDENT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO TRANSPLACENTALLY-INDUCED MURINE LUNG TUMORS AND DNA ADDUCTS OF 3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE |
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Strain-dependent susceptibility to transplacentally-induced murine lung tumors and DNA adducts of 3methylcholanthrene G B Nelson, J A Ross, J E Moore, M Xu, N D Kock, M S Miller Wa...
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STUDIES INTO THE MECHANISMS OF POTASSIUM BROMATE INDUCED THYROID CARCINOGENESIS |
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Studies into the Mechanisms of Potassium Bromate Induced Thyroid Carcinogenesis.
Potassium bromate (KBrO3) occurs in finished drinking water as a by-product of the ozonatio...
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STUDIES ON ADSORPTION OF 2-CHLORO BIPHENYL ON SEDIMENTS AND SEDIMENT COMPONENTS |
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Polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, are a family of 209 structurally related chemical compounds (congeners), consisting of two benzene rings and 1 to 10 chlorine atoms. They range ...
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STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF AMMONIUM SULFATE ON CARCINOGENESIS |
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The project was designed to evaluate the health effects of ammonium sulfate (Nh4)2 SO4 inhalation using experimental animals. The questions studied were: (1) Is inhaled ammonium su...
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STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF WHOLE ANIMAL EXPOSURE TO ACID MISTS AND PARTICULATES ON THE PULMONARY METABOLISM OF BENZO(A)PYRENE IN THE ISOLATED PERFUSED LUNG MODEL |
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Lung cancer represents the highest single cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. Epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that the interplay of multiple environmental factor...
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STUDYING THE EFFECT ON SYSTEM PREFERENCE BY VARYING CO-PRODUCT ALLOCATION IN CREATING LIFE CYCLE INVENTORY |
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How one models the input and output data for a life cycle assessment can greatly affect the results. Although much attention has been paid to allocation methodology by researchers ...
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SUMMARY OF THE U.S. EPA COLLOQUIA ON A FRAMEWORK FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT (VOLUME 1, 1997) |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recognized the need to develop a framework for human health risk assessment that puts a perspective on the approaches in practice...
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SUMMARY OF THE U.S. EPA COLLOQUIUM ON A FRAMEWORK FOR HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT (VOLUME 2, 1998) |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has recognized the need to develop a framework for human health risk assessment that puts a perspective on the approaches in practice...
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SUMMARY OF THE WORKSHOP ON INFORMATION NEEDS TO ADDRESS CHILDREN'S CANCER RISK |
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This report was prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. (ERG), an EPA contractor (Contract No. 68-C-98-148, Work Assignment No. 2000-01) as a general record of discussions during ...
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SUMMARY REVIEW OF HEALTH EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROGEN FLUORIDE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS: HEALTH ISSUE ASSESSMENT |
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The major natural sources of airborne hydrogen fluoride (HF) are volcanic activity, ocean spray, and crustal weathering of fluoride-containing rocks. Anthropogenic sources include ...
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SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDANCE FOR ASSESSING CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY FROM EARLY-LIFE EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The Draft Final Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, also issued today for comment, expl...
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SUPPLEMENTAL GUIDANCE FOR ASSESSING SUSCEPTIBILITY FROM EARLY-LIFE EXPOSURE TO CARCINOGENS |
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The Cancer Guidelines explicitly call for consideration of possible sensitive subpopulations and/or lifestages (such as childhood). The consideration of childhood risks in the fin...
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SURROGATE TISSUE ANALYSIS: MONITORING TOXICANT EXPOSURE AND HEALTH STATUS OF INACCESSIBLE TISSUES THROUGH THE ANALYSIS OF ACCESSIBLE TISSUES AND CELLS |
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Surrogate Tissue Analysis: Monitoring Toxicant Exposure And Health Status Of Inaccessible Tissues Through The Analysis Of Accessible Tissues And Cells*
John C. Rockett1, Michael...
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SURVEILLANCE FOR WATERBORNE DISEASE AND OUTBREAKS ASSOCIATED WITH DRINKING WATER AND WATER NOT INTENDED FOR DRINKING WATER-UNITED STATES 2003-2004 |
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Hypertension and cancer are prevalent diseases. Epidemiological studies suggest that hypertension may increase the long term risk of cancer. Identification of resistance and/or sus...
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SYMPOSIUM SESSION PROPOSAL: INCORPORATION OF MODE OF ACTION INTO MECHANISTICALLY-BASED QUANTITATIVE MODELS |
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The biological processes by which environmental pollutants induce adverse health effects is most likely regulated by complex interactions dependent upon the route of exposure, dose...
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State-of-the-Science Workshop Report: Issues and Approaches in Low Dose–Response Extrapolation for Environmental Health Risk Assessment |
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Low-dose extrapolation model selection for evaluating the health effects of environmental pollutants is a key component of the risk assessment process. At a workshop held in Baltim...
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TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF NEW METHODS AND DATA REGARDING DICHLOROMETHANE HAZARD ASSESSMENTS. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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New information on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and epidemiology has raised some questions about the federal regulatory agencies' cancer risk assessments for dichloromethane (DCM, m...
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TECHNIQUES FOR ANALYZING COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DRINKING WATER DBPS |
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Although chlorine has been used to disinfect drinking water for approximately 100 years, there have been concerns raised over its use, due to the formation of potentially hazardous...
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TELOMERASE AND CHRONIC ARSENIC EXPOSURE IN HUMANS |
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Arsenic exposure has been associated with increased risk of skin, lung and bladder cancer in humans. The mechanisms of carcinogenesis are not well understood. Telomerase, a ribonuc...
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TEMPORAL MOISTURE CONTENT VARIABILITY BENEATH AND EXTERNAL TO A BUILDING AND THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS ON VAPOR INTRUSION RISK ASSESSMENT |
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Migration of vapors from organic chemicals residing in the subsurface into overlying buildings is known as vapor intrusion. Because of the difficulty in evaluating vapor intrusion...
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THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY: COLLABORATIVE HEALTH AND EXPOSURE RESEARCH FOR THE AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY |
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The abstract describes the collaborative effort between the NCI, the NIEHS, the U.S. EPA, and NIOSH to conduct the Agricultural Health Study (AHS). The AHS is a prospective epidemi...
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THE CARCINOGEN ASSESSMENT GROUP'S FINAL RISK ASSESSMENT ON ARSENIC |
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An estimate of the potential cancer hazard to populations exposed to airborne arsenic is given. Data analyzed are from occupational studies, estimates of ambient exposure and the n...
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THE CARCINOGENIC RESPONSE OF TSC2 MUTANT LONG EVANS (EKER) RATS TO A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS WAS LESS THAN ADDITIVE |
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Cancer risk assessment methods for chemical mixtures in drinking water are not well defined. Current default risk assessments for chemical mixtures assume additivity of carcinogen...
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THE CARCINOGENIC RESPONSE TO A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS (DBP) WAS LESS THAN ADDITIVE |
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THE CARCINOGENIC RESPONSE TO A MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY -PRODUCTS (DBP) W AS LESS THAN ADDITIVE.
Current default risk assessments for chemical mixtures assu...
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THE CHALLENGES OF AIR POLLUTION AND RESIDUAL RISK ASSESSMENT (EDITORIAL) |
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The Clean Air Act (CAA), a comprehensive federal law that regulates air pollution from stationary and mobile sources, was first passed in 1963. The act has provided the primary fra...
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THE COMBINED CARCINOGENIC RISK FOR EXPOSURE TO MIXTURES OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS MAY BE LESS THAN ADDITIVE |
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The Combined Carcinogenic Risk for Exposure to Mixtures of Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products May be Less Than Additive
Risk assessment methods for chemical mixtures i...
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THE DIFFERNET ROLES OF CYTOLETHALITY AND DNA REACTIVITY IN THE CARCINOGENICITY OF FORMALDEHYDE: IMPLICATIONS FOR RISK ASSESSMENTS. |
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An analysis of the rat tumor dose-response and its scale-up to predict human cancer risk....
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THE EFFECTS OF A HIGH ANIMAL FAT DIET ON THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF MALE F344/N RATS EXPOSED TO TRIHALOMETHANES IN THE DRINKING WATER |
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The Effects of a High Animal Fat Diet on the Induction of Aberrant Crypt Foci in the Colons of Male F344/N Rats Exposed to Trihalomethanes in the Drinking Water
Abstract
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THE EFFECTS OF HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 70 (HSP70) AND EXPOSURE PROTOCOL ON ARSENITE INDUCED GENOTOXICITY |
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The Effects of Heat Shock Protein 70 (Hsp70) and Exposure Protocol on Arsenite Induced Genotoxicity
Barnes, J.A.1,2, Collins, B.W.2, Dix, D.J.3 and Allen J.W2.
1National...
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THE EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON CHEMORECEPTION AND BEHAVIOR IN THE DUNGENESS CRAB 'CANCER MAGISTER' |
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The behavior of Dungeness crabs, Cancer magister, was observed to determine not only whether oil exposure produced behavioral effects, but also whether crabs could change their beh...
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THE FAILURE OF CHLOROFORM ADMINISTERED IN THE DRINKING WATER TO INDUCE RENAL TUBULAR CELL NEOPLASIA IN MALE F344/N RATS |
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The failure of chloroform administered in drinking water to induce renal tubular cell neoplasia in male F344/N rats
Chloroform (TCM) has been demonstrated to be a renal ...
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THE FEASIBILITY OF PERFORMING CUMULATIVE RISK ASSESSMENTS FOR MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER |
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Humans are exposed daily to complex mixtures of drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) via oral, dermal, and inhalation routes. Some positive epidemiological studies sugges...
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THE FREQUENCY OF T(14;18) IN BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES IS STABLE OVER A 2 YEAR PERIOD IN ADULTS |
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The Frequency of t(14;18) in Blood Lymphocytes Is Stable over a 2 Year Period in Adults
As part of a multi-endpoint molecular epidemiology study on in utero environmental e...
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THE FUTURE OF COMPUTER-BASED TOXICITY PREDICTION: MECHANISM-BASED MODELS VS. INFORMATION MINING APPROACHES |
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The Future of Computer-Based Toxicity Prediction:
Mechanism-Based Models vs. Information Mining Approaches
When we speak of computer-based toxicity prediction, we ...
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THE GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF PUTATIVE NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGENS |
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This report examines a group of putative nongenotoxic carcinogens that have been cited in the published literature. Using short-term test data from the U.S. Environmental Protectio...
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THE GENOTOXICITY OF AMBIENT OUTDOOR AIR, A REVIEW: SALMONELLA MUTAGENICITY |
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The genotoxicity of ambient outdoor air, a review: Salmonella mutagenicity
Abstract
Mutagens in urban air pollution come from anthropogenic sources (especially combustio...
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THE IMPORTANCE OF RISK COMMUNICATION |
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The goal of environmental and public health is to reduce the health risks associated with microbial and toxic agents in the environment, and also to agents of injury. There have ge...
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THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI (ACF) IN MALE AND FEMALE F344/N RATS BY BROMOCHLOROACETIC ACID (BCA) ADMINISTERED IN THE DRINKING WATER |
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The Induction of Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) in Male and Female F344/N Rats by Bromochloroacetic Acid (BCA) Administered in the Drinking Water.
M.H. George1, D. Delker1, D.R. ...
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THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI (ACF) IN THE COLONS OF RATS BY TRIHALOMETHANES ADMINISTERED IN THE DRINKING WATER |
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Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and bromoform (TBM) had been demonstrated to be colon carcinogens in male and female F344/N rats following administration by corn oil gavage. Our chron...
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THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF MALE F344/N RATS EXPOSED TO THIHALOMETHANE MIXTURES IN THE DRINKING WATER |
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THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF MALE F344/N
RATS EXPOSED TO TRIHALOMETHANE MIXTURES IN THE DRINKING WATER
The trihalomethanes (THM), bromoform...
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THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF MALE F344/N RATS EXPOSED TO TRIHALOMETHANE MIXTURES IN THE DRINKING WATERS |
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For over a century the chlorination of drinking water has been the most widely used disinfection process to prevent the spread of waterborne infections. Chlorination of surface wat...
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THE INFLUENCE OF DNA REPAIR PROCESSES ON CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT AT LOW EXPOSURE LEVELS |
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The process of cancer risk assessment is deemed currently to allow for the inclusion of mechanistic data to help establish the nature of the tumor response curve at low exposure le...
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THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS ON INHIBITION OF MCF-7 CELL GROWTH BY TAMOXIFEN |
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THE INFLUENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS ON INHIBITION OF MCF-7 CELL GROWTH BY TAMOXIFEN.
Harland and Liburdy (1) reported that 1.2-uT, 60-Hz magnetic fields could significantly block t...
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THE NEED TO CONTROL ASBESTOS FIBERS IN POTABLE WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS |
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Occupational studies have shown that asbestos is a human carcinogen. Because many inhaled asbestos fibers deposited in the lung are cleared and swallowed, workers are also exposed ...
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THE NEXT GENERATION OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS AND HEALTH ISSUES |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) are of concern because some epidemiologic studies have shown that some DBPs are associated with cancer or adverse reproductive/develo...
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THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE VADOSE ZONE IN MULTIMEDIA RISK ASSESSMENT MODELING APPLIED AT A NATIONAL SCALE: AN ANALYSIS OF BENZENE USING 3MRA |
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Evaluating uncertainty and parameter sensitivity in environmental models can be a difficult task, even for low-order, single-media constructs driven by a unique set of site-specifi...
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THE ROLE OF ARSENIC (+3 OXIDATION STATE) METHYLTRANSFERASE IN ARSENIC METABOLISM |
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Arsenic (As) is widely distributed in the environment. Epidemiological studies have linked chronic exposures to inorganic As (iAs) to adverse health effects such as skin lesions,...
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THE ROLE OF GC-MS AND LC-MS IN THE DISCOVERY OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has played a pivotal role in the discovery of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water. DBPs are formed when disinfectants, su...
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THE ROLE OF HUMAN GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES (HGSTS) IN THE DETOXIFICATION OF THE FOOD-DERIVED CARCINOGEN METABOLITE N-ACETOXY-PHIP, AND THE EFFECT OF A POLYMORPHISM IN HGSTA1 ON COLORECTAL CANCER RISK. (R825280) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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THE SCIENCE BEHIND THE ICRP 2005 RECOMMENDATIONS |
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The ICRP 2005 Recommendations are stated to be "based on a simple, but widely applicable, general system of protection that will clarify its objectives and will provide a basi...
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THE TOXICOLOGY OF COMPLEX MIXTURES OF DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS |
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Chemical disinfection of water is a major public health advance that has decreased dramatically water-borne disease. Chemical disinfectants react with naturally occurring organic...
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THE USE OF NON-TUMOR DATA IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: REFLECTIONS ON BENZENE, BUTADIENE AND VINYL CHLORIDE |
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1.0 Introduction. Quantitative estimation of human cancer risk from exposure to chemicals has traditionally been almost exclusively based on tumor incidence in experimental...
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THE USEPA'S METAL FINISHING FACILITY RISK SCREENING TOOL (MFFRST) |
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The US Environmetal ProtectionAgenccy's Metal Finishing
Facility Risk Screening Tool (MFFRST)
William M. Barrett Jr, Ph.D. , P.E. ; Paul Harten, Ph.D.1, and Matthew Lor...
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THIRTEENTH ASPEN CANCER CONFERENCE: WORKSHOP ON MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY AND CARCINOGENESIS |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL FOR HYPERTHERMIA CALCULATIONS |
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Realistic three-dimensional models that predict temperature distributions with a high degree of spatial resolution in bodies exposed to electromagnetic (EM) fields are required in ...
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THYROID CANCER RISK FROM EXPOSURE TO IONIZING RADIATION: A CASE STUDY IN THE COMPARATIVE POTENCY MODEL |
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Considerable controversy exists about the relative risk of thyroid cancer following exposure to external radiation compared to the risk after exposure to internally deposited 131I....
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THYROID FOLLICULAR CELL CARCINOGENESIS: MECHANISTIC AND SCIENCE POLICY CONSIDERATIONS |
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EPA's Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment call for use of mechanistic and other relevant information in making choices about the models to be used in extrapolating hazard est...
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TOOLS FOR PRESENTING SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING DATA |
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The EPA Health Effects Research Laboratory has developed this data presentation tool for use with a variety of types of data which may contain spatial and temporal patterns of inte...
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TOXIC EQUIVALENCY APPROACH FOR DIOXINS: AN EXAMPLE OF DOSE ADDITIVITY |
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2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; dioxin) is often called the most toxic man-made compound. However, it is but the prototype for a family of structurally related compound...
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TOXICOLOGICAL BASIS FOR DRINKING WATER RISK ASSESSMENT |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is charged with protecting human health and the environment. Environmental protection decisions are often guided by risk assessments...
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TOXICOLOGICAL HIGHLIGHT: SCREENING FOR DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY OF TOBACCO SMOKE CONSTITUENTS |
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Abstract
Cigarette smoking is unrivaled among developmental toxicants in terms of total adverse impact on the human population. According to the American Lung Association, smok...
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TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH INVOLVING HUMANS: ETHICAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS |
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This paper discusses the need for the Society of Toxicology (SOT) to develop a policy for ethical research in humans, and a review for publication of these studies. Observations o...
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TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF CADMIUM AND COMPOUNDS (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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The critical effect proposed for both the oral RfD and inhalation RfC is renal dysfunction as judged by minimal proteinuria/enzymuria. This critical effect is evidenced from severa...
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TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE [AND IRIS SUMMARY] (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Hexachlorocylopentadiene (HCCPD) is a dense oily liquid with a pungent, unpleasant odor. It is an intermediate in the production of compounds used as dyes, resins, pharmaceuticals,...
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TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF METHYL CHLORIDE [AND IRIS SUMMARY] (EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Methyl chloride (CAS No. 74-87-3) is a gaseous chlorohydrocarbon under ambient conditions. It is principally used in the manufacture of silicones, agrichemicals, methyl cellulose a...
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TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW OF QUINOLINE [AND IRIS SUMMARY] (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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Quinoline can be derived from petroleum, coal processing, production and use facilities, and shale oil. It is used as an intermediate in the production of various compounds and pai...
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TRACI - THE TOOL FOR THE REDUCTION AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS |
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TRACI, The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts, is described along with its history, the underlying research, methodologies, and insig...
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TRACI THE TOOL FOR THE REDUCTION AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS - VERSION 2 CHANGES |
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The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts (TRACI) was developed to allow the quantification of environmental impacts for a variety of im...
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TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES IN THYROID TISSUES FROM RATS TREATED WITH A TUMORIGENIC AND A NON-TUMORIGENIC TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDE |
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Conazoles are fungicides that are used in agriculture and medicine. Conazoles can induce follicular cell adenomas of the thyroid in rats after chronic bioassay and are considered t...
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TRANSCRIPTIONAL RESPONSES IN THYROID TISSUES FROM RATS TREATED WITH A TUMORIGENIC AND A NON-TUMORIGENIC TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDE |
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What is the study?
Conazoles are triazole- or imidazole-containing fungicides that are used in agriculture and medicine. Conazoles can induce follicular cell adenomas of the ...
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TRANSCRIPTOMIC ANALYSIS OF F344 RAT NASAL EPITHELIUM SUGGESTS THAT THE LACK OF CARCINOGENIC RESPONSE TO GLUTARALDEHYDE IS DUE TO ITS GREATER TOXICITY COMPARED TO FORMALDEHYDE |
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Formaldehyde is cytotoxic and carcinogenic to the rat nasal respiratory epithelium inducing tumors after 12 months. Glutaraldehyde is also cytotoxic but is not carcinogenic to nasa...
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TREATMENT OF LONG-EVANS RATS WITH A DEFINED MIXTURE OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IMPACTS INTESTINAL MICROBIAL METABOLISM. |
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Water treatment results in the production of numerous halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs), and has been associated with human colorectal cancer. Because the intestinal micr...
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TREND ANALYSIS OF DEATH RATES IN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, 1967-1975 |
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This report summarizes mortality trends in the State of Illinois and major cities with some air pollution trends during the nine year period, 1967-75. To examine an overall mortali...
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TRENDS IN THE GEOGRAPHIC INEQUALITY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE MORTALITY IN THE UNITED STATES, 1962-1982 |
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Substantial geographic variation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality within the U.S. has been recognized for decades. nalyses reported here address the question of whether re...
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TRIBROMOMETHANE EXPOSURE AND DIETARY FOLATE DEFICIENCY IN THE FORMATION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF F344/N RATS |
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Folate and folic acid are forms of the B vitamin that are involved in the synthesis, repair and functioning of DNA and are required for the production and maintenance of cells. Low...
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TRIBROMOMETHANE EXPOSURE AND DIETARY FOLATE DEFICIENCY IN THE FORMATION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF F344/N RATS |
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TRIBROMOMETHANE EXPOSURE AND DIETARY FOLATE DEFICIENCY IN THE FORMATION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF F344/N RATS
David R. Geter', Tanya M. Moore', Michael H. Geor...
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TRICHLOROACETATE TISSUE DOSIMETRY AND PPARA-MEDIATED LIVER CANCER INDUCTION BY TRICHLOROETHYLENE AND PERCHLOROETHYLENE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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TRICHLOROETHYLENE (TCE) ISSUE PAPERS |
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These issue papers are a part of EPA's effort to develop a trichloroethylene (TCE) human health risk assessment. These issue papers were developed by EPA to provide scientific and...
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TRICHLOROETHYLENE HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This assessment presents EPA's most current evaluation of the potential health risks from exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE). TCE exposure is associated with several adverse healt...
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TWO-STAGE MODELING OF FORMALDEHYDE-INDUCED TUMOR INCIDENCE IN THE RAT—ANALYSIS OF UNCERTAINTIES |
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This works extends the 2-stage cancer modeling of tumor incidence in formaldehyde-exposed rats carried out at the CIIT Centers for Health Research. We modify key assumptions, eval...
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The Next Generation of Disinfection By-Products |
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The disinfection of drinking water has been rightly hailed as a public health triumph of the 20th century. Millions of people worldwide receive quality drinking water every day fro...
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The Virtual Liver Project: Simulating Tissue Injury Through Molecular and Cellular Processes |
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Efficiently and humanely testing the safety of thousands of environmental chemicals is a challenge. The US EPA Virtual Liver Project (v-Liver™) is aimed at simulating the effects o...
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ToxPredictor: a Toxicity Estimation Software Tool |
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The Computational Toxicology Team within the National Risk Management Research Laboratory has developed a software tool that will allow the user to estimate the toxicity for a vari...
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Toxicogenomic Dissection of the Perfluorooctanoic Acid Transcript Profile in Mouse Liver: Evidence for Involvement of the Nuclear Receptors PPARα and CAR |
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A number of perfluorinated alkyl acids including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) elicit effects similar to peroxisome proliferator chemicals (PPC) in mouse and rat liver. There is st...
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Toxicogenomic Dissection of the Perfluorooctanoic Acid Transcript Profile in Mouse Liver: Evidence for the Involvement of Nuclear Receptors PPARα and CAR |
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A number of perfluorinated alkyl acids including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) elicit effects similar to peroxisome proliferator chemicals (PPC) in mouse and rat liver. There is s...
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Treasures in Archived Histopathology Collections: Preserving the Past for Future Understanding (NACSETAC) |
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Extensive collections of histopathology materials from studies of marine and freshwater mollusks, crustaceans, echinoderms, and other organisms are archived in the Registry of Tu...
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U.S. CANCER DEATH COUNTS 1950-1979 |
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The tape contains death counts by five year age groups ending with age 85 and older by county, state and the U.S., by race-sex (white/non-white for male, female) for 35 groupings o...
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U.S. CANCER MORTALITY 1950-1978: A STRATEGY FOR ANALYZING SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PATTERNS |
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There are a number of technical and statistical problems in monitoring the temporal and spatial variation of local area death rates in the United States for evidence of systematica...
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U.S. CANCER MORTALITY RATES AND TRENDS 1950-1979 |
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The report contains cancer mortality rates and changes in rates for counties of the United States for 1950-1959, 1960-1969, and 1970-1979. This report includes the number of deaths...
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U.S. EPA OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OVERVIEW OF CURRENT RADON RESEARCH |
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The paper gives as overview of current radon research being conducted by EPA. n 1984, EPA began a research program to develop and demonstrate radon mitigation alternatives. ince th...
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U.S. EPA'S IRIS ASSESSMENT OF 2-BUTOXYETHANOL: THE RELATIONSHIP OF NONCANCER TO CANCER EFFECTS |
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U.S. EPA's current IRIS (Integrated Risk Information System; www.epa.gov/IRIS) assessment of 2-butoxyethanol (EGBE; CASRN 11-76-2) identifies hemolytic effects in laboratory expo...
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U.S. EPA'S METHODOLOGY FOR ASSESSING RISK OF EXPOSURE TO NASAL CARCINOGENS |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has carried out risk assessments on a variety of chemicals that have been shown to induce nasal tumors in animals and/or humans. Human canc...
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UNCERTAINTIES IN QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: SOME APPROACHES TO REDUCE THEM |
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There are three major sources of uncertainties in quantitative cancer risk assessment: low-dose extrapolation, route-to-route extrapolation, and species-to-species extrapolation. c...
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UNCERTAINTY AND THE JOHNSON-ETTINGER MODEL FOR VAPOR INTRUSION CALCULATIONS |
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The Johnson-Ettinger Model is widely used for assessing the impacts of contaminated vapors on residential air quality. Typical use of this model relies on a suite of estimated da...
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UNCERTAINTY FROM SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE PARAMETERS IN THE JOHNSON AND ETTINGER (1991) VAPOR INTRUSION MODEL |
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Migration of volatile chemicals from the subsurface into overlying buildings is known as vapor intrusion (VI). Under certain circumstances, people living in homes above contaminat...
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY'S STRATOSPHERIC OZONE RESEARCH PROGRAM |
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A major consequence of decreasing the ozone layer is an increase in the transmission of UV-B radiation (290-320nm) to the surface of the earth. Researchers have identified many pot...
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UNRECOGNIZED OR POTENTIAL RISK FACTORS FOR CHILDHOOD CANCER |
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Traditional epidemiological studies suggest that the contribution of environmental agents to childhood cancer may be minor. However, epidemiological methods can only seldom identif...
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UPDATE TO THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT AND ADDENDUM FOR DICHLOROMETHANE (METHYLENE CHLORIDE): PHARMACOKINETICS, MECHANISM OF ACTION, AND EPIDEMIOLOGY. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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The document represents EPA's analysis of the weight of evidence regarding the carcinogenic potential of dichloromethane (DCM, methylene chloride) for humans. It includes revised c...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR ACETONE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR BENZENE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary Interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CARBON TETRACHLORIDE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CHLORDANE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effocts associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CHLOROBENZENE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR CHLOROFORM |
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This report summarizes and evaluates infornation relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR DDT |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR METHYL ETHYL KETONE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR METHYLENE CHLORIDE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR NAPHTHALENE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR PHENOL |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR TETRACHLOROETHYLENE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED HEALTH EFFECTS ASSESSMENT FOR XYLENE |
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This report summarizes and evaluates information relevant to a preliminary interim assessment of adverse health effects associated with specific chemicals or compounds. The Office ...
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UPDATED MUTAGENCITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF CADMIUM: ADDENDUM TO THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR CADMIUM (MAY 1981) EPA-600/8-81-023 |
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This draft document evaluates the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of cadmium, supplementing an earlier document (Health Assessment Document for Cadmium, May 1981) which dealt with...
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UPDATED MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF CADMIUM: ADDENDUM TO THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR CADMIUM |
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The document evaluates the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of cadmium, supplementing an earlier document (Health Assessment Document for Cadmium, May 1981) which dealt with all he...
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UPDATED MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF CADMIUM: ADDENDUM TO THE HEALTH ASSESSMENT DOCUMENT FOR CADMIUM (MAY 1981) EPA-600/8-81-023. EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT |
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This draft document evaluates the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of cadmium, supplementing an earlier document (Health Assessment Document for Cadmium, May 1981) which dealt with...
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UPGRADED AND EXPANDED MODELS FOR U.S. EPA'S BENCHMARK DOSE SOFTWARE (BMDS) |
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Project will upgrade and expand the existing suite of BMD software models including the addition of a new multistage weibull time-to-tumor model for EPA's Benchmark Dose Software a...
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UPPER BOUND RISK ESTIMATES FOR MIXTURES OF CARCINOGENS |
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The excess cancer risk that might result from exposure to a mixture of chemical carcinogens usually is estimated with data from experiments conducted on individual chemicals. An up...
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UPPER-BOUND QUANTITATIVE CANCER RISK ESTIMATES FOR POPULATION ADJACENT TO SULFUR MUSTARD INCINERATION FACILITIES |
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This document characterizes the potential cancer hazard to populations residing near sulfur mustard incineration facilities while the incineration is taking place. he carcinogenici...
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URINARY MUTAGENESIS AS AN EXPOSURE BIOMARKER OF COOKED-MEAT-ASSOCIATED MUTAGENS: INFLUENCE OF COOKING TEMPERATURE, PHENOTYPE, AND GENOTYPE IN A CONTROLLED METABOLIC FEEDING STUDY |
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ABSTRACT
We evaluated urinary mutagenicity and selected phenotypes and genotypes in 60 subjects in a metabolic feeding study in which meat cooked at low temperature (100oC) wa...
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URINARY MUTAGENICITY: A BIOMARKER OF GENOTOXIC EXPOSURES VIA AIR, WATER, AND DIET |
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During the past 30 years, ~100 studies have evaluated human urine for mutagenic activity using the Salmonella (Ames) mutagenicity assay. Urinary mutagenicity has been shown to corr...
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USE OF AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES AND LUNG CANCER RISK IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY COHORT |
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We examined the relationship between 45 common agricultural pesticides and lung cancer incidence in a prospective cohort study of 52,395 private pesticide applicators, 4,916 comm...
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USE OF AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES AND PROSTATE CANCER RISK IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY COHORT |
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The role of specific agricultural chemicals in relation to prostate cancer risk has not been firmly established due to the lack of precise exposure data. We examined the relatio...
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USE OF AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES AND PROSTATE CANCER RISK IN THE AGRICULTURAL HEALTH STUDY COHORT |
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The authors examined the relationship between 45 common agricultural pesticides and prostate cancer incidence in a prospective cohort study of 55,332 male pesticide applicators ...
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USE OF ASBESTOS-CEMENT PIPE |
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Concerning the use of asbestos-cement (A/C) pipe for the distribution of drinking water, the status of the ingested asbestos health research underway in the U.S. Environmental Prot...
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USE OF BIOASSAY METHODS TO EVALUATE MUTAGENICITY OF AMBIENT AIR COLLECTED NEAR A MUNICIPAL WASTE COMBUSTOR |
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An ambient air sampling study was conducted around a municipal waste combustor with a primary goal being to develop procedures to evaluate the emissions of organic mutagens resulti...
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USE OF EXISTING DATABASES FOR THE PURPOSE OF HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: AN EXAMPLE |
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Keywords: existing databases, hazard identification, cancer mortality, birth malformations
Background: Associations between adverse health effects and environmental exposu...
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USE OF GENE PROFILING TO DIFFERENTIATE A CARCINOGENIC FROM A NONCARCINOGENIC ALDEHYDE IN THE RAT NOSE |
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Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is cytotoxic and is carcinogenic to the rat nasal respiratory epithelium producing tumors after twelve months of exposure. In contrast, glutaraldeh...
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USE OF GENETIC ACTIVITY PROFILES IN HAZARD EVALUATION |
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A methodology has been developed to display and evaluate multiple test quantitative information on genetic toxicants for purposes of hazard/risk assessment. Dose information is col...
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USE OF GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY PROFILES IN ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENESIS AND TRANSMISSIBLE GENETIC EFFECTS |
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A methodology has been developed to display and evaluate multiple test quantitative information on genetic toxicants for purposes of assessing carcinogenesis and transmissible gene...
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USE OF MECHANISTIC DATA TO HELP DEFINE DOSE-RESPONSE CURVES |
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Use of Mechanistic Data to Help Define Dose-Response Curves
The cancer risk assessment process described by the U.S. EPA necessitates a description of the dose-response curv...
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USE OF POPULATION STUDIES TO IDENTIFY ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES TO ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING HERBICIDES |
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Not only animal studies, but also population (ecologic) studies can contribute to the identification of endocrine disrupting chemicals. Population studies are fundamental in ident...
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USE OF SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES FOR ARSENATE REMOVAL FROM POLLUTANT WATER |
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Arsenic is known to be a hazardous contaminant in drinking water that causes arsenical dermatitis and skin cancer. In the present work, the potential use of a variety of synthetic...
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USE OF THE SPONTANEOUS TSC2 KNOCKOUT (EKER) RAT MODEL OF HEREDITARY RENAL CELL CARCINOMA FOR THE STUDY OF RENAL CARCINOGENS |
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The kidney is a frequent site for chemically induced cancers in rodents and among the ten most frequent sites for cancer in human patients. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most ...
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USING 1H-NMR METABOLOMICS TO CHARACTERIZE ALTERED METABOLIC PROFILES IN ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) EXPOSED TO THE MODEL EDCS 17 ALPHA-ETHINYLESTRADIOL (EE2) AND FADROZOLE |
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Elevated levels of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been reported in waterways worldwide and have been shown to affect numerous aspects of development, behavior, reproduc...
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USING MEMBRANES TO CONCENTRATE DISINFECTION BYPRODUCTS FOR SUBSEQUENT HEALTH EFFECTS STUDIES |
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Chemical disinfection of water is a major public health advance that has decreased dramatically water-borne disease. Disinfecting agents react with naturally occurring organic and...
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UTILITY OF GENETIC INDICATORS FOR MONITORING ECOLOGICAL CONDITION |
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It is evident that Earth's ecosystems have been steadily deteriorating due to relatively recent human activities. Since quality of life depends upon the ecosystem services, the im...
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Use Of Genomics In Chemical Mode Of Action Analysis |
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The US-EPA has spent considerable effort in the last few years to develop guidance on the use of genomics to inform the process for determining effects on humans and ecological spe...
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V(D)J RECOMBINASE-MEDIATED DELETION OF THE HPRT GENE IN T-LYMPHOCYTES FROM ADULT HUMANS |
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The hprt T-cell cloning assay allows the detection of mutations occurring in vivo in the hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) gene of T-lymphocytes. e have shown p...
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VALUE OF MODE OF ACTION RESEARCH IN RISK ASSESSMENT |
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In order to develop a scientifically defensible assessment of the risk for the development of an adverse health effect including cancer after long-term exposure to xenobiotics, reg...
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VEHICLE AND MODE OF ADMINISTRATION EFFECTS ON THE INDUCTION OF ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI IN THE COLONS OF MALE F344/N RATS EXPOSED TO BROMODICHLOROMETHANE |
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Vehicle and Mode of Administration Effects on the Induction of Aberrant Crypt Foci in the Colons of Male F344/N Rats Exposed to Bromodichloromethane.
David R. Geter, Michael...
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VELOCITY OSCILLATIONS AND PLUME DISPERSION IN A RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOOD DURING WINTERTIME NIGHTS |
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Measurements of velocity and tracer plume concentrations during stable atmospheric conditions were obtained in the Boise River Valley as part of the EPA Integrated Air Cancer Proje...
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VOLATILE ORGANIC HYDROCARBON AND ALDEHYDE COMPOSITION IN RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA DURING THE 1985 WOODSMOKE STUDY |
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Initial field tests for collection of volatile organic hydrocarbons and aldehydes under EPA's Integrated Air Cancer Project (IACP) were held in Raleigh, NC during the winter of 198...
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WATER CHLORINATION: ESSENTIAL PROCESS OR CANCER HAZARD |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DOCUMENTS |
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Background
Water quality standards and criteria are the foundation for a wide range of programs under the Clean Water Act. Specifically, under section 304(a...
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WHEN IS THERE ENOUGH EVIDENCE TO PERFORM A NONLINEAR CANCER ASSESSMENT? |
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Under U.S. EPA's Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (FR 61:179670-18011, 199996), departure from the default linear cancer assessment may be made for carcinogens fo...
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WOODSMOKE AND MOTOR VEHICLE CONTRIBUTION TO AMBIENT AEROSOL MUTAGENICITY |
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A receptor model analysis of the mutagenicity of ambient fine particles in air samples collected under EPA's Integrated Air Cancer Project has been performed. he analysis was based...
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WORKSHOP REPORT: MOLECULAR & CELLULAR BIOLOGY OF MODERATE DOSE (1-10 GY) RADIATION & POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF RADIATION PROTECTION |
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Normal tissue response and injury after exposure to ionizing radiation are of great importance to patients with cancer, populations potentially subjected t...
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Water, Water Everywhere, But is it Safe to Drink? |
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Drinking water disinfection by-products (DBPs) have been associated with adverse human health effects, including bladder cancer, early term miscarriage, and birth defects. While i...
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v-Tissue 2009: The EU-US Workshop on Virtual Tissues |
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The liver plays a key role in removing chemicals from the body and frequently shows the earliest signs of their harmful effects. Animal testing gives useful information about the e...
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