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24-HOUR DIFFUSIVE SAMPLING OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN AIR ONTO CARBONPAK X SOLID ADSORBENT WITH THEMAL DESORPTION/GC/MS ANALYSIS - FEASIBILITY STUDIES |
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Diffusive sampling of 1,3-butadiene for 24 hours onto the graphitic adsorbent Carbopack X contained in a stainless steel tube badge (6.3 mm OD, 5 mm ID, and 90 mm in length) with...
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24-HOUR DIFFUSIVE SAMPLING OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN AIR ONTO CARBOPACK X SOLID ADSORBENT FOLLOWED BY THERMAL DESORPTION/GC/MS ANALYSIS - FEASIBILITY STUDY |
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Diffusive sampling of 1,3-butadiene for 24 hr onto the graphitic adsorbent Carbopack X packed in a stainless steel tube badge (6.3 mm o.d., 5 mm i.d., and 90 mm in length) with ana...
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A POLYMER-CERAMIC COMPOSITE MEMBRANE FOR RECOVERING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM WASTEWATERS BY PERVAPORATION |
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A composite membrane was constructed on a porous ceramic support from a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene (SBS). It was tested in a laboratory pervaporation apparatus for re...
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A REVIEW OF THE GENETIC AND RELATED EFFECTS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE IN RODENTS AND HUMANS |
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In this paper, the metabolism and genetic toxicity of 1,3-butadiene (BD) and its oxidative metabolites in humans and rodents is reviewed with attention to newer data that have been...
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ACRYLAMIDE: A REVIEW OF ITS GENOTOXICITY AND AN ASSESSMENT OF HERITABLE GENETIC RISK |
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This acrylamide assessment is the culmination of an effort emanating from an October 1993 joint European Commission/United tates EPA Workshop Risk Assessment examining "Human Genet...
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ADSORPTION-THERMAL DESORPTION AS A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF LOW LEVELS OF AQUEOUS ORGANICS |
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Adsorption followed by thermal desorption (ATD) with Tenax GC is an effective analytical tool for the preconcentration analysis of water samples containing micrograms/kg quantities...
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ATMOSPHERIC PERSISTENCE OF EIGHT AIR TOXICS |
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Atmospheric lifetimes were estimated for eight air toxic chemicals (i.e., methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene dichloride, trichloroethylene, perchloroeth...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR 1,3 BUTADIENE: DATA INTEGRATION OPPORTUNITIES |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently released its new Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment together with Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility from E...
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CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT FOR 1,3-BUTADIENE: DATA INTEGRATION OPPORTUNITIES |
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The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently released its new Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment together with Supplemental Guidance for Assessing Susceptibility from E...
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CAPILLARY COLUMN GC-MS DETERMINATION OF 77 PURGEABLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN TWO SIMULATED LIQUID WASTES |
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The suitability of purge-trap-desorb (PTD) procedures for determination of 84 volatile organic compounds with capillary column gas chromatograph (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) was...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF EMISSIONS FROM MALFUNCTIONING VEHICLES FUELED WITH OXYGENATED GASOLINE-ETHANOL (E-10) FUEL - PART III |
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Five vehicles (a 1987 Ford Taurus, a 1996 Chrysler Concord, a 2001 Ford Focus, a 1993 Buick Regal, and a 2001 Dodge Intrepid) were tested using three different fuels: (1) winter g...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF EMISSIONS FROM MALFUNCTIONING VEHICLES FUELED WITH OXYGENATED GASOLINE-ETHANOL (E-10) FUEL-PART II |
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A 1993 Ford Taurus and a 1995 Chevrolet Achieva were tested using three different fuels: (1) a winter grade (E-10) fuel containing 10% (vol.) 200 proof ethanol, (2) a winter grad...
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CHARACTERIZATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE |
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Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been analyzed with respect to several components following smoking of research cigarettes in an experimental chamber. arameters analyzed and t...
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CHEMICAL AND RADIATION LEUKEMOGENESIS IN HUMANS AND RODENTS AND THE VALUE OF RODENT MODELS FOR ASSESSING RISKS OF LYMPHOHEMATOPOIETIC CANCERS |
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This report is intended to provide an up-to-date overview of the lymphoid and hematopoietic diseases induced in humans and rodents following exposure to chemical agents. It include...
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CHEMILUMINESCENCE OF PHAGOCYTIC CELLS CAUSED BY N-FORMYLMETHIONYL PEPTIDES |
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The microbicidal action of leukocytes is thought to proceed in part through oxygen-dependent reactions. Molecular oxygen can be reduced to superoxide radical anion (O2-)1 which, al...
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COMPARISON OF 24H AVERAGE VOC MONITORING RESULTS FOR RESIDENTIAL INDOOR AND OUTDOOR AIR USING CARBOPACK X-FILLED DIFFUSIVE SAMPLERS AND ACTIVE SAMPLING - A PILOT STUDY |
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Analytical results obtained by thermal desorption GC/MS for 24h diffusive sampling of 11 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are compared with results of time-averaged active samplin...
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COMPOSITION OF MOTOR VEHICLE ORGANIC EMISSIONS UNDER ELEVATED TEMPERATURE SUMMER DRIVING CONDITIONS (75 TO 105 DEGREES F) |
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Emissions from seven late-model popular V-6 and V-8 motor vehicles were characterized at three test temperatures. ix port fuel injected (PFI) and a single carbureted vehicle were t...
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Cardiopulmonary responses of intratracheally instilled tire particles and constituent metal components |
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Exposure to near road particulate matter (PM) has been associated with adverse cardiopulmonary health. Tire and brake wear contain transition metals, and contribute to near road PM...
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DEVELOPMENT AND ANALYSIS OF AIR QUALITY MODELING SIMULATIONS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS |
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The concentrations of five hazardous air pollutants were simulated using the Community Multi Scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system. Annual simulations were performed over the c...
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DOSE-DEPENDENT TRANSITIONS IN MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY |
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Scientists and decision-makers from all sectors agree that risk assessments should be
based on the best available science. Several years ago, the Health and Environmental
Sci...
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DOSE-DEPENDENT TRANSITIONS IN MECHANISMS OF TOXICITY: CASE STUDIES |
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Experience with dose response and mechanisms of toxicity has shown that multiple mechanisms may exist for a single agent along the continuum of the full dose-response curve. It is ...
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EFFECT OF OXYGEN ADDITION ON POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FORMATION IN 1,3 BUTADIENE COUNTER-FLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES. (R826730) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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EFFECT OF OXYGEN ADDITION ON POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON FORMATION IN 1,3 BUTADIENE COUNTER-FLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES. (R828193) |
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The effect of 3% O2 addition to the fuel on detailed chemical structure of a 1,3 butadiene counter-flow diffusion flame has been investigated by using heated micropro...
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EFFECTS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE, ISOPRENE, AND THEIR PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION PRODUCTS ON HUMAN LUNG CELLS |
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Because of potential exposure both in the workplace and from ambient air, the known carcinogen 1,3-butadiene (BD) is considered a priority hazardous air pollutant. BD and its 2-met...
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EFFECTS OF LINEAR FLOW VELOCITY AND RESIDENCE TIME ON THE RETENTION OF NON-POLAR AQUEOUS ORGANIC ANALYTES BY CARTRIDGES OF TENAX-GC |
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Strong evidence has been obtained which indicates that film diffusion controls the retention of non-polar organics of low aqueous solubility by the sorbent Tenax-GC. Model compound...
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EXAMINING THE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES OF HAPS: THE ROLE OF OZONE AND OTHER PHTOTCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS |
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The chemistry and health effects of individual hazardous air pollutants (HAPS) have been studied for many years. Once released into the atmosphere, HAPS interact with hydroxyl radi...
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FACTORS EFFECTING EXPOSURES TO VOCS DURING COMMUTING IN CALIFORNIA |
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On the average, Californian's spend between one and three hours each day commuting. The contribution from in-vehicle exposures to air toxics may be a significant component of to...
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HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS DOCUMENT FOR 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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Health and Environmental Effects Documents (HEEDS) are prepared for the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). This document series is intended to support listings u...
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HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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The Health and Environmental Effects Profile for 1,3-Butadiene was prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, Cinc...
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HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS PROFILE FOR 2-CHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE |
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The Health and Environmental Effects Profile for 2-Chloro-1,3-Butadiene was prepared by the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Environmental criteria assessment Office,...
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HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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This assessment was conducted to review the new information that has become available since EPA's 1985 health assessment of 1,3-butadiene.
1,3-Butadiene is a gas used commer...
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HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE (EXTERNAL REVIEW DRAFT) |
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This risk assessment of 1,3-butadiene, a gas used commercially in the production of various resins and plastics, concludes that 1,3-butadiene is a known human carcinogen, based on ...
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HYDROXYL RADICAL AND OZONE INITIATED PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE. (R826247) |
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1,3-Butadiene, classified as hazardous in the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, is an important ambient air pollutant. Understanding its atmospheric transformation is useful for it...
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IMPACT OF METHANOL AND CNG FUELS ON MOTOR VEHICLE TOXIC EMISSIONS |
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The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments require that the Environmental Protection Agency investigate the need for reduction of motor vehicle toxic emissions such a formaldehyde, acetalde...
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INDUSTRIAL PROCESS PROFILES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL USE. CHAPTER 10. THE PLASTICS AND RESINS PRODUCTION INDUSTRY |
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The report presents a detailed analysis of the plastics and resins production industry, which includes operations that convert industrial organic chemicals into solid or liquid pol...
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INFLUENCE OF OXYGENATED FUELS ON THE EMISSIONS FROM THREE PRE-1985 LIGHT-DUTY PASSENGER VEHICLES |
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Tailpipe and evaporative emission from three pre-1985 passenger motor vehicles operating on a oxygenated blend fuel and on a nonoxygenated base fuel were characterized. mission dat...
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INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE MODULATION OF LIVER ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLATION BY CHLOROFORM, A BY-PRODUCT OF THE DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION PROCESS |
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Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is the largest source of indoor air pollution and is also the major combustion source contributing to total human exposure to mutagens and carcino...
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IRIS DOCUMENTATION FOR CHLOROPRENE |
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Chloroprene (C4H5Cl; 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, CASRN 126-99-8) is a volatile, flammable liquid monomer used exclusively in the manufacture of neoprene (polychloroprene) elastomer wh...
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IRIS TOXICOLOGICAL REVIEW AND SUMMARY DOCUMENTS FOR CHLOROPRENE |
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 -chloroprene (CASRN 126-99-8) or 2-chloro-1,3-butadiene is a volat...
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KINETIC MODELING OF B-CHLOROPRENE METABOLISM:II. THE APPLICATION OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY BASED MODELLING FOR CANCER DOSE RESPONSE ANALYSIS |
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ABSTRACT
beta-Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene, CD) which is used in the synthesis of polychloroprene, caused significant incidences of several tumor types in B6C3F1 mice and...
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KINETIC MODELING OF COUNTERFLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES OF BUTADIENE. (R828193) |
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A comprehensive, semi-detailed kinetic scheme was used to simulate the chemical structures of counterflow diffusion and fuel-rich premixed 1,3-butadiene flames, to better unders...
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KINETICS OF LEAF TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION AFFECT ISOPRENE EMISSION FROM RED OAK (QUERCUS RUBRA) LEAVES |
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Because the rate of isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) emission from plants is highly temperature-dependent, we investigated the natural fluctuations on leaf temperature and the eff...
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MEETING REPORT OF THE EC/US WORKSHOP ON GENETIC RISK ASSESSMENT: "HUMAN GENETIC RISKS FROM EXPOSURE TO CHEMICALS, FOCUSING ON THE FEASIBILITY OF A PARALLELOGRAM APPROACH |
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This workshop was the concept of Professor Frits Sobels who passed away on the 6th of July, 1993. he underlying idea of the Sobel's parallelogram approach is that an estimate (base...
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METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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MICROBIAL REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION OF HEXACHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE IN A METHANOGENIC ENRICHMENT CULTURE. (R825513C007) |
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Sequential reductive dechlorination of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) was achieved by a mixed, methanogenic culture enriched from a contaminated estuarine sediment. Both methan...
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MOBILE SOURCE HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS IN THE SEATTLE-TACOMA URBAN AREA |
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The paper describes mobile source hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions in the Seattle-Tacoma, Washington, Urban area. obile sources have been identified as significant contribut...
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MOLECULAR AND GENETIC TOXICOLOGY OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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NO ABSTRACT PROVIDED...
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MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE |
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1,3-Butadiene has been shown to be an indirect mutage in bacteria. Two of its potential metabolites, 3,4- epoxybutene and diepoxybutane, are genotoxic in prokaryote as well as euka...
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MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT OF 1,3-BUTADIENE. REVIEW DRAFT |
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The Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity Assessment of 1,3-Butadiene was prepared to serve as a source document for Agency-wide use. In the development of this assessment document, the...
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OVERVIEW OF THE TECHNICAL IMPLICATIONS OF METHANOL AND ETHANOL AS HIGHWAY MOTOR VEHICLE FUELS |
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The characteristics of methanol and ethanol as highway motor vehicle fuels are contrasted with those of conventional gasolines and diesel fuels. he implications of the physical and...
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PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS ENHANCE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSES IN HUMAN LUNG CELLS |
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The chemistry of hazardous air pollutants has been studied for many years, yet little is known about how these chemicals, once interacted with urban atmospheres, affect healthy and...
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PRODUCT ANALYSIS OF THE OH OXIDATION OF ISOPRENE AND 1,3-BUTADIENE IN THE PRESENCE OF NO. (R825258) |
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The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoi...
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PRODUCTS OF THE GAS-PHASE REACTIONS OF 1,3-BUTADIENE WITH OH AND NO3 RADICALS. (R825252) |
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1,3-Butadiene is emitted into the atmosphere from a number of sources
including combustion sources and is listed in the United States as a hazardous
air pollutant. In th...
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REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS ASSESSMENT GROUP'S REPORT ON THE MUTAGENICITY OF 1.3-BUTADIENE AND ITS REACTIVE METABOLITES |
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A major data gap for assessing heritable risk from exposure to 1,3-butadiene is the lack of mammalian mutagenicity data. The data base on the mutagenic potential of 1,3-butadiene i...
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RODENT LEYDIG CELL TUMORIGENESIS: A REVIEW OF THE PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY, MECHANISMS, AND RELEVANCE TO HUMANS |
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Leydig cells (LCs) are the cells of the testis that have as their primary function the production of testosterone. LCs are a common target of compounds tested in rodent carcinogeni...
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SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF BUTADIENE AT A NEOPRENE PLANT |
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This document details a field study to validate a method for the sampling and analysis of butadiene emissions from a plant manufacturing neoprene from butadiene/chlorine mixtures. ...
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SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS OF BUTADIENE AT A SYNTHETIC RUBBER PLANT |
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Butadiene emission samples were collected from the process vent stream of a plant manufacturing synthetic rubber from styrene and butadiene. Samples were collected by modification ...
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SEASONAL IMPACT OF BLENDING OXYGENATED ORGANICS WITH GASOLINE IN MOTOR VEHICLE TAILPIPE AND EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS |
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The evaporative and exhaust emissions from a 1988 GM Corsica with adaptive learning were measured with 4 fuels at 40 degrees F, 75 degrees F, and 90 degrees F. Test fuels were unle...
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SEPARATION OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY PERVAPORATION USING S-B-S BLOCK COPOLYMER MEMBRANES |
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Composite membranes of a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene (S-B-S) were cast on highly porous, hydrophobic thin films of PTFE and used for the separation and recovery of vol...
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SIMULATING URBAN AIR TOXICS OVER CONTINENTAL AND URBAN SCALES |
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The US EPA is evaluating a version of the CMAQ model to support risk assessment for the exposure to Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs). The model uses a variant of the CB4 chemical m...
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SIMULATION OF INFRARED SPECTRA OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIODEGRADATION PRODUCTS FROM HEXACHLORO-1,3-BUTADIENE |
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There is no abstract available for this product. If further information is requested, please refer to the bibliographic citation and contact the person listed under Contact field....
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SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGE AND CHROMOSOME ABERRATION ANALYSES IN MICE AFTER IN VIVO EXPOSURE TO ACRYLONITRILE, STYRENE, OR BUTADIENE MONOXIDE |
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The use of polymers in plastic and rubber products has generated concern that monomers potentially active in biological systems may be eluted from these substances. The authors hav...
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SMOG-CHAMBER TOXICOLOGY BETTER ESTIMATES THE TRUE TOXIC POTENTIAL OF ATMOSPHERIC MIXTURES |
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The chemistry of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) have been studied for many years, yet little is known about how these chemicals, once interacted with urban atmospheres, affect hea...
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SOME INSIGHTS INTO THE MODE OF ACTION OF BUTADIENE BY EXAMINING THE GENOTOXICITY OF ITS METABOLITES |
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1,3-Butadiene (BTD) is an important commodity chemical and air pollutant that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen in mice, and to a lesser extent, a carcinogen in rats. To bet...
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SOURCE ASSESSMENT: POLYCHLOROPRENE. STATE OF THE ART |
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This document reviews the state of the art of air emissions from polychloroprene manufacture. The composition, quality, and rate of emissions, and their environmental effects are d...
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SOURCE ASSESSMENT: RUBBER PROCESSING, STATE OF THE ART |
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This report summarizes data on air emissions from the production of vulcanized elastomers (rubbers) and fabrication of rubber products. Hydrocarbons and particulates are emitted fr...
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SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY IN ACROLEIN AND SELECT VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN DETROIT, MICHIGAN |
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The variability in outdoor concentrations of acrolein, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), and 1,3-butadiene was examined for data measured during summer 2004 of the...
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SPRINGTIME SPATIAL CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS OF NITROGEN DIOXIDE AND VOLATILE ORGANIC SPECIES IN THE EL PASO CHILDREN'S HEALTH STUDY |
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Each year, over 18 million vehicles cross the international border between El Paso, TX (USA) and Ciudad Juarez (Mexico). The border traffic congestion, as well as the more typical...
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STABILITY OF PPB HAZARDOUS ORGANIC CYLINDER GASES AND PERFORMANCE AUDIT RESULTS OF SOURCE TEST AND AMBIENT AIR MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS--STATUS REPORT #5 |
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An evaluation of 29 gaseous organic compounds at PPB levels incompressed gas cylinders was conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Primary objectives of this o...
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TEDLAR BAG SAMPLING SYSTEM FOR TOXIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN SOURCE EMISSION SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS |
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A new Tedlar bag sampling system which consists of a 5-7-L bag and operates at a 50-mL/min sampling rate is proposed. his sampling system is much smaller than the traditional Tedla...
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THE GAS PHASE REACTION OF OZONE WITH 1,3-BUTADIENE: FORMATION YIELDS OF SOME TOXIC PRODUCTS. (R826236) |
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The formation yields of acrolein, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene and OH radicals have been measured from reaction of ozone with 1,3-butadiene at room temperature and atmosphere pressure. 1,...
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THE OZONE REACTION WITH BUTADIENE: FORMATION OF TOXIC PRODUCTS. (R826236) |
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AbstractThe formation yields of acrolein, 1,2-epoxy-3-butene and OH radicals have been measured from reaction of ozone with 1,3-butadiene at room temperature and atmosp...
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THE USE OF NON-TUMOR DATA IN CANCER RISK ASSESSMENT: REFLECTIONS ON BENZENE, BUTADIENE AND VINYL CHLORIDE |
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1.0 Introduction. Quantitative estimation of human cancer risk from exposure to chemicals has traditionally been almost exclusively based on tumor incidence in experimental...
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THERMAL DEPOLYMERIZATION OF POSTCONSUMER PLASTICS |
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The University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) performed two series of tests to evaluate process conditions for thermal depolymerization of postconsum...
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USE OF PASSIVE SAMPLERS IN THE DEARS |
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The Detroit Exposure and Aerosol Research Study (DEARS) employs a number of passive diffusion-based samplers for the collection of select gaseous air pollutants. These pollutants i...
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS AS BREATH BIOMARKERS FOR ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SMOKING |
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Real-time breath measurement technology was used to investigate the suitability of some volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to serve as breath biomarkers for active and passive smo...
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VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS MEASURED IN DEARS PASSIVE SAMPLERS |
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A suite of 27 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored in personal exposures, indoors and outdoors of participant's residences, and at a central community site during the D...
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