Skip Navigation U.S. Department of Health and Human Services www.hhs.gov
Agency for Healthcare Research Quality www.ahrq.gov
AHRQ Home | Questions? | Contact Us | Site Map | What's New | Browse | Información en español | E-mail UpdatesE-mail Updates
www.ahrq.gov

U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Appendix 5. Health Outcomes of Treatment Trials after 24 Weeks' Gestation (Key Question 3)a

Trial Study, Year (Reference) Mortality, n (%) Fracture, n (%) Brachial Plexus Injury, n (%) NICU Admissions, n (%) Hypoglycemia, n (%) Hyperbilirubinemia, n (%) Respiratory Distress, n (%) Death Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension or Preeclampsia, n (%)
Treated vs. untreated Crowther et al., 2005 16 Intervention group: 0 Control group: 5 (1) b Intervention group: 0 Control group: 1 (< 1) b Intervention group: 0 (0) Control group: 3 (1) b NICU: NR
Neonatal nursery: Intervention group: 357 (71)
Control group: 321 (61)
Adjusted RR, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03–1.23)		 Intervention group: 35 (7)
Control group: 27 (5)
Adjusted RR, 1.42 (CI, 0.87–2.32)		 Intervention group: 44 (9)
Control group: 48 (9)
Adjusted RR, 0.93 (CI, 0.63–1.37)		 Intervention group: 27 (5)
Control group: 19 (4)
Adjusted RR, 1.52 (CI, 0.86–2.71)		 NR Intervention group: 58 (12)
Control group: 93 (18)
Adjusted RR, 0.70 (CI, 0.51–0.95)
O'Sullivan et al., 1966 22 Intervention group: 13 (4.3)
Control group: 15 (4.9)
(P = 0.05)		 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
Treatment comparisons Langer et al., 2000, 2005 19,20 Glyburide group: 2 (1.0)
Insulin group: 2 (1.0)
(P = 0.99)		 NR NR Glyburide group: 12 (6)
Insulin group: 14 (7)
(P = 0.68)		 Glyburide group: 18 (9)
Insulin group: 12 (6)
(P = 0.25)		 Glyburide group: 12 (6)
Insulin group: 8 (4)
(P = 0.36)		 Glyburide group: 4 (2)
Insulin group: 6 (3)
(P = 0.52)		 NR Glyburide group: 6%
Insulin group: 6%
(P = NS)
Bancroft et al., 2000 15 None NR Diet plus intensive monitoring group: 0
Diet plus standard monitoring group: 1
(P = NS)		 Diet plus intensive monitoring group: 2 (6)
Diet plus standard monitoring group: 6 (17)
(P = NS)		 Diet plus intensive monitoring group: 2 (6)
Diet plus standard monitoring group: 6 (17)
(P = NS)		 NR NR None NR
Jovanovic et al., 1999 18 NR NR NR NR None NR NR NR NR
Nachum et al., 1999 21 Insulin 4-times-daily group: 0
Insulin 2-times-daily group: 1 (0.7)
(P = NS)		 NR NR NR Insulin 4-times-daily group: 1 (0.7)
Insulin 2-times-daily group: 8 (5.9)
RR, 0.12 (CI, 0.02–0.97)		 Insulin 4-times-daily group: 15 (11)
Insulin 2-times-daily group: 29 (21)
RR, 0.51 (CI, 0.29–0.91)		 NR NR Insulin 4-times-daily group: 11 (8)
Insulin 2-times-daily group: 12 (9)
Difference: 21
(CI, –11 to 9) c
de Veciana et al., 1995 17 Preprandial glucose monitoring group: 1 (3)
Postprandial glucose monitoring group: 0
(P = NS)		 NR NR NR Preprandial glucose monitoring group: 7 (21)
Postprandial glucose monitoring group: 1 (3)
RR, 7.0 (CI, 0.9–53.8)		 Preprandial glucose monitoring group: 4 (12)
Postprandial glucose monitoring group: 3 (9)
(P = NS)		 Transient tachypnea:
Preprandial glucose monitoring group: 2 (6)
Postprandial glucose monitoring group: 2 (6)
(P = 0.10)		 NR Preprandial glucose monitoring group: 2 (6)
Postprandial glucose monitoring group: 2 (6)
(P > 0.05)

a  NICU = neonatal intensive care unit; NR = not reported; NS = not significant; RR = relative risk.
b  RR not calculated as zero in intervention group. A composite outcome (stillbirth, neonatal death, shoulder dystocia, bone fracture, and nerve palsy) was reported with an adjusted RR of 0.33 (CI, 0.14–0.75) with intervention group compared with control group. Seven shoulder dystocia events occurred in the intervention group and 16 in the control group.
c  Original report was unclear on units for CI.

Return to Contents

 
AHRQ Advancing Excellence in Health Care