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U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)

Screening for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

A Systematic Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force

Appendix 1. Search Strategies

Systematic review

Databases: MEDLINE, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Health Technology Assessment Database, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
2000–15 November 2007

  1. “Diabetes, Gestational”[MeSH:NoExp]
  2. “Fetal Macrosomia”[MeSH]
  3. “gestational diabetes”[ti]
  4. gdm[ti]
  5. macrosomia[ti]
  6. antepartum[tiab] AND surveillance[tiab]
  7. 1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4 OR 5 OR 6
  8. “gestational diabetes”[tiab]
  9. “gestational diabetic*”[tiab]
  10. gdm[tiab]
  11. macrosomia[tiab]
  12. 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11
  13. 12 AND (in process[sb] OR publisher[sb])
  14. 7 OR 13
  15. 14 AND systematic[sb]
  16. 14 AND systematic[sb] Field: All Fields, Limits: Publication Date from 2000 to 2006, English

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Screening

Database: MEDLINE
2000–15 November 2007

  1. Diabetes, Gestational/
  2. gestational diabet$.ti,ab.
  3. 1 or 2
  4. Mass Screening/
  5. screen$.ti,ab.
  6. 4 or 5
  7. 3 and 6
  8. Diabetes, Gestational/di [Diagnosis]
  9. 7 or 8
  10. limit 9 to english language
  11. limit 10 to humans
  12. limit 10 to animals
  13. 12 not 11
  14. 10 not 13
  15. limit 14 to yr5“2000 - 2006”

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Early screening

Database: MEDLINE
1966–1999

  1. Diabetes, Gestational/
  2. gestational diabet$.ti,ab.
  3. Pregnancy in Diabetics/
  4. 1 or 2 or 3
  5. Mass Screening/
  6. screen$.ti,ab.
  7. 5 or 6
  8. 4 and 7
  9. Diabetes, Gestational/di [Diagnosis]
  10. Pregnancy in Diabetics/di [Diagnosis]
  11. 8 or 9 or 10
  12. Pregnancy Trimester, First/
  13. first trimester.ti,ab.
  14. first pregnancy trimester.ti,ab.
  15. Pregnancy Trimester, Second/
  16. second trimester.ti,ab.
  17. second pregnancy trimester.ti,ab.
  18. early.ti,ab.
  19. earlier.ti,ab.
  20. 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 19
  21. 11 and 20
  22. limit 21 to english language
  23. limit 22 to humans
  24. limit 22 to animals
  25. 24 not 23
  26. 22 not 25
  27. limit 26 to yr“1966 - 1999”

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Screening tests

Database: MEDLINE
2000–15 November 2007

  1. Glucose Tolerance Test/
  2. oral glucose tolerance.ti,ab.
  3. ogtt.ti,ab.
  4. glucose challenge test$.ti,ab.
  5. Glucose Intolerance/
  6. Blood Glucose/
  7. Diabetes, Gestational/
  8. gestational diabet$.ti,ab.
  9. 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8
  10. Pregnancy/
  11. pregnan$.ti,ab,hw.
  12. 10 or 11
  13. 9 and 12
  14. “Sensitivity and Specificity”/
  15. “Predictive Value of Tests”/
  16. ROC Curve/
  17. specificit$.ti,ab.
  18. sensitiv$.ti,ab.
  19. predictive value.ti,ab.
  20. accurac$.ti,ab.
  21. False Negative Reactions/
  22. False Positive Reactions/
  23. Diagnostic Errors/
  24. exp “Reproducibility of Results”/
  25. Reference Values/
  26. Reference Standards/
  27. 14 or 15 or 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26
  28. 13 and 27
  29. 1 or 2 or 3 or 4
  30. 12 and 29
  31. limit 30 to (clinical trial or controlled clinical trial or randomized controlled trial)
  32. clinical trials/ or controlled clinical trials/ or randomized controlled trials/
  33. double-blind method/ or random allocation/ or single-blind method/
  34. random$.ti,ab.
  35. 32 or 33 or 34
  36. 30 and 35
  37. Glucose Tolerance Test/st [Standards]
  38. 28 or 31 or 36 or 37
  39. limit 38 to english language
  40. limit 39 to humans
  41. limit 39 to animals
  42. 41 not 40
  43. 39 not 42
  44. limit 43 to yr“2000 - 2006”

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Clinical trials

Databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials
2000–15 November 2007

  1. Diabetes, Gestational/
  2. gestational diabet$.ti,ab.
  3. 1 or 2
  4. limit 3 to (clinical trial or controlled clinical trial or randomized controlled trial)
  5. clinical trials/ or controlled clinical trials/ or randomized controlled trials/
  6. double-blind method/ or random allocation/ or single-blind method/
  7. random$.ti,ab.
  8. 5 or 6 or 7
  9. 3 and 8
  10. 4 or 9
  11. limit 10 to english language
  12. limit 11 to humans
  13. limit 11 to animals
  14. 13 not 12
  15. 11 not 14
  16. limit 15 to yr“2000 - 2006”

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Treatment harms

Database: MEDLINE
2000–15 November 2007

  1. Diabetes, Gestational/dh, dt, pc, th [Diet Therapy, Drug Therapy, Prevention & Control, Therapy]
  2. Insulin/
  3. Glyburide/
  4. Metformin/
  5. Sulfonylurea Compounds/
  6. Hypoglycemic Agents/
  7. (administration dosage or “therapeutic use”).fs.
  8. treat$.ti,ab,hw.
  9. therapy.ti,ab,hw.
  10. 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9
  11. Diabetes, Gestational/
  12. gestational diabet$.ti,ab.
  13. 11 or 12
  14. 10 and 13
  15. 1 or 14
  16. (adverse effects or mortality or poisoning or toxicity).fs.
  17. adverse effect$.ti,ab.
  18. harm$.ti,ab.
  19. Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/
  20. Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/
  21. anxiety.ti,ab,hw.
  22. depression.ti,ab,hw.
  23. Depressive Disorder/
  24. labeling.ti,ab.
  25. labelling.ti,ab.
  26. labeled.ti,ab.
  27. labelled.ti,ab.
  28. Hypoglycemia/
  29. Hypoglycemi$.ti,ab.
  30. Hypoglycaemi$.ti,ab.
  31. Acidosis/
  32. Acidosis, Lactic/
  33. acidosis.ti,ab.
  34. Teratogens/
  35. teratogen$.ti,ab.
  36. pain.ti,ab,hw.
  37. unnecessary.ti,ab,hw.
  38. Pre-Eclampsia/
  39. Pre-Eclamp$.ti,ab.
  40. preeclamp$.ti,ab.
  41. Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/
  42. pregnancy induced hypertension.ti,ab.
  43. gestational hypertension.ti,ab.
  44. Hypertension/ and Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular/
  45. Infant Mortality/
  46. infant mortality.ti,ab.
  47. neonatal mortality.ti,ab.
  48. perinatal mortality.ti,ab.
  49. hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal/ or jaundice, neonatal/
  50. hyperbilirubin$.ti,ab.
  51. Phototherapy/
  52. phototherapy.ti,ab.
  53. Polycythemia/
  54. Polycythemi$.ti,ab.
  55. Polycythaemi$.ti,ab.
  56. Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/
  57. Respiratory Distress.ti,ab.
  58. Intensive Care, Neonatal/
  59. neonatal intensive care.ti,ab.
  60. nicu.ti,ab.
  61. Infant, Small for Gestational Age/
  62. Small for Gestational Age.ti,ab.
  63. Fetal Growth Retardation/
  64. Intrauterine Growth Retardation.ti,ab.
  65. Intrauterine Growth Restriction.ti,ab.
  66. IUGR.ti,ab.
  67. Fetal Growth Retardation.ti,ab.
  68. Fetal Growth Restriction.ti,ab.
  69. 16 or 17 or 18 or 19 or 20 or 21 or 22 or 23 or 24 or 25 or 26 or 27 or 28 or 29 or 30 or 31 or 32 or 33 or 34 or 35 or 36 or 37 or 38 or 39 or 40 or 41 or 42 or 43 or 44 or 45 or 46 or 47 or 48 or 49 or 50 or 51 or 52 or 53 or 54 or 55 or 56 or 57 or 58 or 59 or 60 or 61 or 62 or 63 or 64 or 65 or 66 or 67 or 68
  70. 15 and 69
  71. limit 70 to english language
  72. limit 71 to humans
  73. limit 71 to animals
  74. 73 not 72
  75. 71 not 74
  76. limit 75 to yr“2000–2006”

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