STATE |
REGULATES CHILD ENTERTAINMENT |
WORK PERMIT |
LAW/COMMENT |
Alabama |
Yes |
No |
25-8-60-For child actors and performers, no employment or age
certificate required for persons under age 18. |
Alaska |
Yes |
Yes |
Extensive requirements for theatrical employment. 8 AAC 05.300
requires any child under 18 employed in the entertainment industry to have a
work permit. Regulations also establish hours of work, working conditions, and
prohibited practices. |
Arizona |
No |
No |
Sec. 23-235-Minors employed as stars or performers in motion picture,
theatrical, radio or television productions are exempt from the law governing
persons under the age of 16 |
Arkansas |
Yes |
Yes |
11-12-104-A child under 16 employed in the entertainment industry must
have a permit and the written consent of a parent or guardian for issuance of
the permit; written statement from principal as to academic standing of
child; |
California |
Yes |
Yes |
Extensive requirements for theatrical employment; Sec. 6-1308.7-Work
permit to work not more than 5 consecutive days in the entertainment
or allied industries; excused from school for up to 5 absences per
school year; school districts are to allow pupils to complete all
assignments and tests missed during absence. Sec. 6750 Family Code
- Courts may require a portion of earnings be set aside for the
minor in a trust. |
Colorado |
No |
No |
Sec. 8-12-104-Any minor employed as an actor, model or performer is
exempt from the law |
Connecticut |
Yes |
No |
Sec. 31-23-Minors under the age of 16 are permitted to work in the
theatrical industry with the authorization of the labor commissioner. Must have
a certificate of age. |
Delaware |
Yes |
Yes |
Sec. 508-Special permit issued by Department of Labor allows child
under age 16 to be employed in the entertainment industry for a limited
time. |
Florida |
Yes |
Yes |
450.132-Employers or agents must make application to the Division and
notify the Division showing the date, number of days, location, and date of
termination of the work performed by minors in the entertainment industry.
|
Georgia |
Yes |
Yes |
39-2-18-for minors employed in the entertainment industry a permit is
required. The Commissioner of Labor must give written consent. |
Hawaii |
Yes |
Yes |
Sec. 12-25-22-Minors under the age of 14 may be permitted to work in
theatrical employment with written consent filed with the director by guardian
or parent; certificate is kept on file by employer. Sec 12-25-23 establishes
limits on daily and nightwork hours. |
Idaho |
Yes |
No |
Sec. 44-1306 - with certain exceptions, prohibits children under the
age of 16 from certain entertainment activities. |
Illinois |
Yes |
Yes |
Sec. 205/8, 8.1-Minors under the age of 16 appearing in theatrical
productions must have a certificate authorized by the superintendent of
schools; minors employed in entertainment industry may be employed subject to
conditions imposed by DOL. |
Indiana |
Yes |
No |
Sec.. 20-8.1-4-21.5-No certificate required but there are other
conditions: must not be detrimental to welfare of child; provisions must be
made for education for children under age 16; minor under age 16 must be
accompanied by parent or guardian at rehearsal, appearances, and performances;
employment cannot be in cabaret, dance hall, night club, etc. |
Iowa |
Yes |
No |
Sec. 92.17 - Children under age 16 may be employed as models, outside
of school hours, for up to 3 hours a day between 7 a.m. and 10 p.m., not
exceeding 12 hours in a month, with parental permission. |
Kansas |
No |
No |
Sec. 38-614 and 616 - Children employed in the entertainment industry
are exempt from child labor requirements, except that infants under
one month must have written certification from a licensed physician
stating that they are at least 15 days old and that they are physically
capable of handling the work. Sec. 38-622 - Rules and regulations
may be adopted setting standards for minor children on motion picture
sets. Sec.21-3604 - Courts may require a portion of earnings be
set aside for the minor in a trust. |
Kentucky |
No |
No |
Sec. 339.210 - Children employed in the entertainment industry are
exempt from child labor requirements. |
Louisiana |
Yes |
Yes |
Sec. 253-Minors under the age of 16 must have permit issued by state
DOL to participate in employment in the entertainment industry. |
Maine |
No |
Yes |
Sec. 26-773 to 775 - Minors under age 16 working as theatrical or film
actors are exempt from the child labor law except that they must have work
permits and approval by local superintendent of schools. |
Maryland |
Yes |
Yes |
Sec.3-207 (a) - Special permit must be issued by the labor
commissioner. The permit must be signed and notarized by parent or guardian and
employer. |
Massachusetts |
Yes |
Yes |
Chap. 149, Sec. 60 - Minors under the age of 16 may take part on the
stage in a theater where not more than 2 performances are given in one day and
not more than 8 performances are given in any one week with written permission
from the attorney general. |
Michigan |
Yes |
Yes |
Permit is required for all minors working in the entertainment
industry from age 18 to newborns. |
Minnesota |
Yes |
Yes |
181A.07. Exemptions-Minors are subject to the child labor law except
for the minimum age provisions. The labor Commissioner may issue waivers from
the hours limitations. |
Mississippi |
No |
No |
|
Missouri |
Yes |
Yes-for under 16 |
Sec. 294.022 and 294.030 - Need: proof of age, written parental
consent and written statement of employer stating nature and duration of job.
Waivers of time and hour restrictions may be issued by the director of the
division of labor standards. |
Montana |
No |
No |
41-2-104. All minors, regardless of age may be employed as an actor,
model or performer |
Nebraska |
Yes |
Yes-special permit for a child |
Special permit-issued by Dept. of Labor, to exempt from restrictions
any child employed as a performer. Need: written parental consent. |
Nevada |
No |
No |
Ch. 392. Casinos or resort hotels
employing minors in the entertainment industry for more than 91
school days must, upon request, pay for tutoring or other equivalent
educational services. Ch. 609 - Courts may require a portion of
earnings be set aside for the minor in a trust. |
New Hampshire |
No |
No |
|
New Jersey |
Yes |
Yes-for under 16 |
Sec. 34:2-21.59 - Need: parental consent, good health, workplace
approved by DOL, minor under direct care of adult named in application, not
attending public school, receiving approved instruction, and not during summer
vacation. Number of performances and hours permitted are specified. |
New Mexico |
No |
No |
Children of any age may be employed as actors or performers in motion
pictures, or theatrical, radio, or television productions. |
New York |
Yes |
Yes-models under 18 need permit from educational authorities/
Performer 16-17 needs employment certificate/ performers under 16 need permit
from mayor or chief executive |
To obtain certificates and permits
need: written parental consent (exceptions for emancipated children),
proof of age, and a certificate of physical fitness; separate procedures
are in effect for New York City and for the remainder of the State.
Sec. 7-7.1 Estates, Powers and Trusts Law - Courts may require a
portion of earnings be set aside for the minor in a trust. |
North Carolina |
Yes |
Yes-for under 18 need Youth Employment Certificate from county social
services |
To obtain certificate need: proof
of age.
Sec. 48A-13 - Courts may require a portion of earnings be set aside
for the minor in a trust. |
North Dakota |
Yes |
Yes-for under 16 need parental permit and commissioner of labor
permit |
Permits issued if appearance of such minor will not be detrimental to
the minors morals, health, safety, welfare, or education. |
Ohio |
No |
No-performers need parental consent |
Performers must be without remuneration and performance must be given
by a church, school, academy; or at a concert or entertainment given solely for
charitable purposes or religious institution. |
Oklahoma |
No |
No |
Minors who entertain are exempt from all laws because they are
considered independent employees with agents. |
Oregon |
Yes |
Yes-employer must register with the Bureau of Labor for jobs of short
duration (5 or fewer days)-Babies under 15 days cant work; longer
duration- minors 14-17 need work permits/ under 14 need special permit from
Bureau of Labor and Industries |
To obtain work permits need: parental and minors signature and
social security number and proof of age. |
Pennsylvania |
Yes |
Yes-Minors 7 to under 18 need special permits from Dept. of Labor and
Industry, and cant work where there is alcohol. |
To obtain special permits need: application signed by parent and
employer, and with the seal of notary. Includes provisions for educational
instruction, supervision, health, welfare, and the safeguarding and
conservation for the minor of the monies derived from such performances
|
Rhode Island |
No |
No |
The state doesnt regulate such employment because entertainers
are not employees on a payroll, but are rather independent employees with
agents. Therefore regulation is left up to the localities. |
South Carolina |
No |
No |
71-3105-d-The provisions of this Article do not apply with respect to
any employee engaged as an actor or performer in motion pictures; radio or
television productions, or theatrical productions. |
South Dakota |
No |
No |
60-12-1-The provisions of this section do not apply to children
employed as actors or performers in motion pictures, theatrical, radio, or
television productions. |
Tennessee |
No |
No |
50-5-107-The provisions of this chapter
shall not apply to any minor who is a musician or entertainer; Minors
under 16 may model.
Sec. 50-5-201 - Courts may require a portion of earnings be set
aside for the minor in a trust. |
Texas |
Yes |
No |
Minors under 14 need to submit application for authorization signed by
agency and parent, proof of age and a photograph. 13-5(H)-902 & 904.
Contracts limited to no more than 7 years. Courts may require a portion of
earnings be set aside for the minor in a trust. |
Utah |
No |
No |
|
Vermont |
Yes |
Yes-Minors under 16 need a certificate from Commissioner of Labor and
Industry |
To obtain certificate need: written parental consent, Commissioner of
Labor and Industry consent, proof of age and school record. |
Virginia |
Yes |
Yes-work permits for Minors 16 and older for cabaret, clubs, dance
studio/ for under 16 for theatrical performance. Musicians need permit
also. |
Child labor provisions do not apply to children employed as actors or
performers in motion pictures, theatrical, radio, or television productions. To
obtain permit one needs: A completed employer intention to employ form, a
permission to employ form signed by parent and school, and proof of age.
|
Washington |
Yes |
Yes-work permit for all minors issued by Dept. of Labor. |
Work permits required for all minors employed as actors or performers
in film, video, audio, or theatrical productions. |
West Virginia |
No |
No |
Minors of any age may be legally employed without a permit or
certificate in acting or performing in motion pictures, theatrical, radio or
television productions. |
Wisconsin |
No |
No- employment cant be in a roadhouse, cabaret, dance hall,
night club, tavern or other similar place. |
No work permits needed between 12 and 18 for public entertainment.
Nothing contained in ss. 103. 64 to 103. 82 shall be construed as forbidding
any minor under 18 to appear for the purpose of singing, playing or performing
in any studio, circus, theatrical or musical exhibition, concert or festival,
in radio and television broadcasts, or as a live or photographic model.
|
Wyoming |
Yes |
No |
Minors of any age may perform in radio, TV, movie or theatrical
productions. Under 16 can be actors or performers in any concert hall or room
where there is no alcohol or malt present. Also under 16 must entertain for
charity and in reputable place. |