A joint effort between the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau
|
Current Population Survey (CPS) A joint effort between the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Census Bureau |
CAUTION: Whenever a base of an income distribution is relatively small, the medians, means, and percent distributions are extremely unreliable because of the limited size of the sample. Pay particular attention to the standard errors for small population estimates, especially if the base is less than 75,000.
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 78454 8302 76 9925 56 9927 56
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 64963 7961 90 9491 61 9495 61
White alone 64120 7957 91 9474 61 9479 62
White alone, not Hispanic 54657 7819 108 9371 65 9379 66
Black alone or in combination 9504 9088 153 11403 137 11387 137
Black alone 9274 9082 154 11388 137 11372 137
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 3687 8681 410 10525 352 10482 352
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 3506 8674 424 10465 357 10430 357
Asian alone or in combination 3489 8719 429 10567 367 10542 368
Asian alone 3346 8669 442 10468 371 10448 372
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 228 8022 1303 9622 1151 9296 1125
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 160 8828 1484 10370 1252 10098 1233
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 1261 8582 447 10882 385 10845 389
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 617 8947 555 11417 509 11392 509
Two or more races 938 8261 678 10726 563 10666 575
Hispanic (of any race) 10155 8327 157 10016 148 10008 148
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 55361 7812 107 9385 65 9391 66
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 3534 9395 204 10135 204 10105 204
25 to 44 years 31733 8758 108 10440 113 10423 113
45 to 54 years 17816 7805 187 10233 173 10221 174
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
55 to 64 years 12981 7532 237 10590 160 10593 161
65 years and over 12389 5996 197 9054 71 9072 72
Type of Family
Married-couple families 58964 7653 125 9337 71 9342 71
With related children under 18 27317 8342 178 9978 182 9950 183
With related children under 6 12885 9011 239 10012 247 9994 248
Male householder, no wife present 5067 7726 241 9721 207 9703 207
Female householder, no husband present 14424 8859 103 10801 96 10792 96
With related children under 18 9894 9200 111 11157 114 11134 114
With related children under 6 4035 10010 154 11705 163 11676 163
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Region
Northeast 14197 8199 168 9873 124 9864 124
Midwest 17706 8390 170 9621 124 9676 125
South 29142 8342 120 10108 87 10094 87
West 17409 8217 183 9908 137 9894 139
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 10624 8641 134 10612 105 10599 105
High school graduate, no college 23574 8020 124 9644 90 9663 91
College: Less than bachelor's degree 21257 8050 158 9588 116 9574 117
Bachelor's degree or more 22999 8834 272 9584 160 9584 162
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 66065 8553 81 10394 76 10380 76
Worked at full-time jobs 47198 6472 119 6842 115 6815 114
50 to 52 weeks 41126 5725 144 5790 135 5774 133
Worked at part-time jobs 7039 7619 160 8378 161 8334 160
Did not work 11827 10273 122 12998 99 13011 99
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 21545 9109 90 10807 59 10823 60
Householder 15 to 64 years 12565 9570 96 11933 85 11929 85
Householder 65 years and over 8981 5957 198 9205 70 9226 71
One worker 34048 5962 129 5890 115 5881 114
Two workers or more 22861 6397 573 6163 505 5931 499
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 3843 8028 149 12887 140 12887 140
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 1369 9261 200 14066 227 14017 227
SSI 2723 6502 184 12612 167 12638 168
Food stamps 5033 8946 119 11904 121 11882 122
Housing assistance 2398 9407 171 12285 167 12261 167
Energy assistance 1633 7986 205 11391 195 11387 196
Free or reduced-price school lunches 7921 9098 125 11426 131 11396 131
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1760 8683 171 13922 179 13924 179
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes
Money income--
Excluding Definition 1 Definition 2
capital gains less government plus
(current measure) transfers capital gains
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Total Def 1 Def 2 Def 3
(thous.) Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 55276 7171 152 7916 100 7927 101
Medicare 10799 5926 210 9206 72 9229 73
Medicaid 13136 8551 101 11149 95 11142 95
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 . . . . . .
Health insurance 0 . . . . . .
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 1300 5426 343 10714 203 10710 205
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 10064 57 9950 56 10029 56 10056 59
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 9613 62 9506 61 9588 61 9621 64
White alone 9597 63 9492 61 9574 62 9606 64
White alone, not Hispanic 9489 67 9382 66 9452 66 9504 67
Black alone or in combination 11574 140 11469 136 11533 137 11591 146
Black alone 11560 140 11462 137 11529 137 11580 147
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 10917 362 10526 354 10537 355 10535 374
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 10873 367 10460 359 10463 361 10435 379
Asian alone or in combination 10989 378 10535 371 10556 372 10597 391
Asian alone 10909 383 10436 375 10447 376 10466 395
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 9506 1137 9882 1091 9877 1097 9322 1171
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 10289 1218 10787 1161 10654 1178 9884 1219
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 10973 395 10881 385 10956 387 10769 405
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 11459 511 11494 498 11588 498 11248 522
Two or more races 10829 585 10573 569 10586 574 10721 612
Hispanic (of any race) 10171 151 10065 144 10178 147 10152 163
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 9504 66 9394 65 9464 65 9517 67
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 10318 207 10202 201 10411 201 10333 223
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
25 to 44 years 10648 116 10439 111 10647 114 10853 128
45 to 54 years 10428 177 10263 171 10350 172 10415 181
55 to 64 years 10781 163 10589 161 10560 161 10634 162
65 years and over 9108 72 9078 71 9065 71 9060 71
Type of Family
Married-couple families 9438 72 9381 71 9449 72 9442 73
With related children under 18 10223 194 10078 179 10406 190 10622 224
With related children under 6 10218 262 10194 243 10480 258 10263 305
Male householder, no wife present 9954 210 9684 204 9562 204 9719 217
Female householder, no husband present 10969 98 10798 95 10926 95 11008 102
With related children under 18 11350 116 11175 113 11387 113 11552 124
With related children under 6 11867 166 11765 161 11969 161 11965 177
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Region
Northeast 10042 127 9907 124 10005 124 10025 130
Midwest 9799 127 9719 124 9809 125 9817 130
South 10224 88 10107 86 10162 86 10167 91
West 10026 141 9896 137 9994 138 10098 146
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 10752 106 10679 104 10734 105 10617 111
High school graduate, no college 9786 92 9671 90 9771 90 9891 95
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9741 119 9592 116 9692 117 9730 122
Bachelor's degree or more 9642 164 9480 162 9495 162 9593 165
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 10594 78 10407 75 10548 76 10661 83
Worked at full-time jobs 6897 120 6921 112 7054 117 6446 134
50 to 52 weeks 5851 141 5915 130 6056 138 5211 157
Worked at part-time jobs 8344 165 8460 159 8543 160 7852 171
Did not work 13184 99 13032 99 13077 99 13219 100
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 10870 60 10856 60 10874 60 10795 61
Householder 15 to 64 years 12022 86 11976 85 12026 85 11970 89
Householder 65 years and over 9240 72 9233 71 9223 71 9206 71
One worker 5998 123 6053 112 6137 118 5509 133
Two workers or more 5559 476 6059 437 5753 453 4973 476
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 12962 141 12979 138 13011 138 12829 145
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 14083 229 14085 226 14206 225 14024 237
SSI 12725 168 12741 166 12731 166 12571 173
Food stamps 11993 123 11986 120 12068 121 12043 130
Housing assistance 12426 167 12444 164 12440 165 12215 178
Energy assistance 11552 197 11535 194 11612 194 11504 205
Free or reduced-price school lunches 11654 135 11435 129 11743 132 11864 148
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 14043 179 14066 176 14153 176 13930 185
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Before taxes After taxes
Definition 3
plus health
insurance Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6
supplements to less less plus
wage or salary Social Security Federal Earned Income
income payroll taxes income taxes Tax Credit
Mean deficit Mean defict Mean deficit Mean defict
Def 4 Def 5 Def 6 Def 7
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 8196 108 8011 105 8074 106 8250 112
Medicare 9252 73 9246 73 9224 73 9194 73
Medicaid 11218 96 11124 93 11270 94 11319 102
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid . . . . . . . .
Health insurance . . . . . . . .
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 10747 205 10713 205 10722 205 10620 208
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 10021 59 9315 86 9415 87 9415 87
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 9589 64 8838 101 8938 102 8941 102
White alone 9576 64 8821 101 8923 103 8926 103
White alone, not Hispanic 9469 67 8730 117 8848 119 8856 119
Black alone or in combination 11548 146 10362 172 10484 173 10478 173
Black alone 11537 147 10343 173 10462 174 10457 174
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 10466 375 9987 474 10001 470 9991 470
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 10366 380 9982 492 10000 489 9989 489
Asian alone or in combination 10521 391 10117 497 10145 493 10136 493
Asian alone 10391 396 10073 516 10103 512 10093 512
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 9360 1170 8003 1320 7874 1338 7858 1339
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 9920 1220 8512 1419 8380 1445 8359 1447
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 10690 404 9860 502 9872 514 9860 513
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 11210 521 10258 620 10221 633 10211 632
Two or more races 10599 610 9770 758 9846 775 9834 773
Hispanic (of any race) 10140 163 9219 186 9274 188 9266 188
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 9481 67 8734 116 8854 118 8861 118
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 10293 223 10132 229 10198 230 10194 230
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
25 to 44 years 10799 128 10047 132 10090 133 10090 133
45 to 54 years 10409 181 9042 201 9121 203 9121 203
55 to 64 years 10625 162 8540 228 8627 235 8637 235
65 years and over 9025 71 6726 199 6894 204 6889 204
Type of Family
Married-couple families 9418 73 8387 139 8515 141 8517 141
With related children under 18 10599 225 9362 229 9448 231 9455 231
With related children under 6 10229 305 9381 295 9438 298 9426 298
Male householder, no wife present 9593 217 8088 255 8195 264 8225 264
Female householder, no husband present 10977 103 10146 117 10207 118 10199 118
With related children under 18 11529 124 10698 129 10735 130 10725 130
With related children under 6 11926 178 11398 180 11446 180 11441 180
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Region
Northeast 10049 130 9894 198 9965 201 9963 201
Midwest 9698 131 9499 196 9608 197 9603 197
South 10152 91 8949 130 9072 132 9080 132
West 10064 146 9432 207 9497 210 9488 210
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 10574 111 9552 152 9673 155 9673 155
High school graduate, no college 9847 95 9198 140 9352 142 9361 142
College: Less than bachelor's degree 9707 122 9054 179 9078 180 9068 180
Bachelor's degree or more 9595 165 9464 281 9454 283 9442 282
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 10628 83 9663 92 9730 93 9731 93
Worked at full-time jobs 6391 134 6320 142 6345 143 6341 143
50 to 52 weeks 5169 156 5246 167 5250 169 5235 169
Worked at part-time jobs 7816 171 7451 179 7516 181 7512 181
Did not work 13195 100 11937 124 12040 124 12045 124
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 10763 61 10229 96 10351 97 10353 97
Householder 15 to 64 years 11946 89 10803 104 10888 104 10891 104
Householder 65 years and over 9166 71 6776 203 6902 208 6898 208
One worker 5472 133 5663 151 5698 153 5691 153
Two workers or more 4994 475 4954 514 5010 524 4994 525
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 12811 145 11567 162 11652 166 11649 166
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 13959 239 13048 244 13057 245 13054 245
SSI 12581 172 11099 203 11211 212 11207 212
Food stamps 11969 131 10622 138 10732 139 10729 139
Housing assistance 12227 178 11194 196 11244 198 11242 198
Energy assistance 11445 206 10002 244 10092 248 10090 248
Free or reduced-price school lunches 11850 148 10679 152 10710 153 10709 153
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 13903 186 12516 199 12595 202 12593 202
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 8
plus
Definition 7 nonmeans- Definition 10
less tested Definition 9 plus
State government plus regular-price
income taxes cash transfers Medicare school lunches
Mean defict Mean defict Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 8 Def 9 Def 10 Def 11
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 8204 112 7900 192 8038 195 8039 195
Medicare 9174 73 6769 204 6889 216 6888 216
Medicaid 11272 102 10093 114 10151 116 10150 116
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid . . . . . . . .
Health insurance . . . . . . . .
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 10620 208 7594 320 7441 350 7440 350
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 8437 84 8684 86 7394 83 7430 87
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 8094 99 8312 101 7325 98 7392 103
White alone 8086 100 8303 102 7323 99 7395 104
White alone, not Hispanic 8018 117 8246 119 7371 118 7370 124
Black alone or in combination 9235 168 9571 174 7446 169 7492 174
Black alone 9216 169 9551 175 7422 170 7463 175
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 8797 456 8996 467 8464 479 8170 494
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 8778 472 8947 482 8544 496 8246 513
Asian alone or in combination 8889 477 9058 488 8484 499 8185 518
Asian alone 8820 493 8987 504 8550 517 8247 538
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 7416 1396 7990 1462 8103 1575 7878 1493
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 8241 1534 8334 1553 8444 1589 8225 1524
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 8606 466 8962 481 7229 483 6858 475
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 8784 565 9103 585 7117 583 6630 564
Two or more races 8706 752 9157 775 7684 772 7628 784
Hispanic (of any race) 8295 177 8508 182 7230 173 7393 182
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 8016 116 8248 118 7361 117 7360 123
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9619 223 10008 224 8285 219 8070 217
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
25 to 44 years 8950 125 9253 129 7636 128 7641 128
45 to 54 years 7754 197 8000 202 6937 200 6814 209
55 to 64 years 7776 245 7921 249 7259 237 7491 272
65 years and over 6267 202 6323 204 6097 203 6256 241
Type of Family
Married-couple families 7781 141 8014 144 7431 142 7541 154
With related children under 18 8788 223 9164 232 8233 234 8395 247
With related children under 6 9046 296 9478 309 8696 307 8679 319
Male householder, no wife present 7716 262 7918 265 7218 249 7449 256
Female householder, no husband present 8982 112 9249 115 7400 112 7352 114
With related children under 18 9437 122 9741 125 7676 124 7556 124
With related children under 6 10193 168 10599 171 8209 168 8107 168
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Region
Northeast 8488 185 8707 189 7501 198 7417 207
Midwest 8446 186 8781 191 7182 185 7079 191
South 8448 131 8629 134 7331 125 7447 129
West 8361 205 8686 212 7664 211 7767 225
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 8508 146 8846 150 7171 140 7312 147
High school graduate, no college 8336 138 8554 142 7226 137 7314 141
College: Less than bachelor's degree 8258 176 8467 180 7443 186 7384 194
Bachelor's degree or more 9048 288 9117 290 8846 290 8527 314
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 8694 90 8975 92 7562 90 7553 92
Worked at full-time jobs 6128 141 6305 148 5255 139 5492 154
50 to 52 weeks 5185 171 5368 181 4620 173 4994 196
Worked at part-time jobs 7000 170 7304 174 5819 165 5899 172
Did not work 10487 126 10766 127 9045 125 8950 128
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 9165 94 9371 96 7904 94 7859 97
Householder 15 to 64 years 9591 102 9835 104 8192 103 8062 105
Householder 65 years and over 6270 207 6319 208 6084 206 6273 246
One worker 5591 156 5860 165 5161 163 5573 181
Two workers or more 4912 530 5031 565 4873 577 6261 800
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 8016 154 8407 160 5531 137 5519 144
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 9089 208 9528 216 6056 200 5985 205
SSI 6648 192 7080 201 4830 165 4858 180
Food stamps 8943 129 9463 135 6342 119 6354 124
Housing assistance 9318 181 9782 188 5237 149 5237 149
Energy assistance 7999 220 8355 228 5393 205 5438 214
Free or reduced-price school lunches 9281 143 9647 148 7411 145 7449 151
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 8598 177 9125 183 5389 152 5285 157
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
After taxes
Definition 14
Definition 11 Definition 13 plus
plus plus other net imputed
means-tested Definition 12 means-tested return
government plus government on equity
cash transfers Medicaid noncash transfers in own home
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 12 Def 13 Def 14 Def 15
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7781 193 7910 197 7566 205 7932 215
Medicare 6276 223 6303 225 6005 216 6128 242
Medicaid 8601 111 9048 116 6920 108 6960 112
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid . . . . . . . .
Health insurance . . . . . . . .
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 5647 380 5697 388 4814 341 4956 378
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
All families 7207 82 8292 74 8190 81
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 7139 97 7952 88 7836 97
White alone 7138 98 7955 89 7832 97
White alone, not Hispanic 7188 117 7793 105 7743 114
Black alone or in combination 7255 166 9071 149 9049 163
Black alone 7230 167 9076 150 9029 164
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 8387 473 8568 395 8336 434
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 8467 490 8560 409 8323 448
Asian alone or in combination 8400 493 8600 413 8394 454
Asian alone 8467 511 8551 426 8339 468
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 8062 1505 7898 1202 7127 1319
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 8469 1530 8789 1401 8169 1463
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 6917 470 8640 437 8286 458
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 6775 567 9183 542 8724 563
Two or more races 7450 751 7901 654 8127 730
Hispanic (of any race) 7025 169 8352 153 8097 172
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 7175 116 7776 104 7740 113
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 8182 218 9443 198 9541 220
25 to 44 years 7478 126 8788 106 8676 121
45 to 54 years 6751 197 7652 180 7685 193
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
55 to 64 years 7076 232 7422 229 7421 234
65 years and over 5760 198 5998 196 5921 196
Type of Family
Married-couple families 7190 139 7707 123 7428 134
With related children under 18 7979 228 8523 174 8311 208
With related children under 6 8377 299 9241 236 8760 277
Male householder, no wife present 6987 247 7712 230 7592 254
Female householder, no husband present 7259 111 8802 100 8817 111
With related children under 18 7517 122 9196 108 9268 120
With related children under 6 8036 166 10053 150 10039 166
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Region
Northeast 7242 195 8175 166 8148 180
Midwest 7066 182 8461 166 8285 182
South 7168 124 8304 117 8210 128
West 7402 206 8201 178 8088 198
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 6931 137 8630 131 8247 142
High school graduate, no college 7074 135 8041 121 8082 135
College: Less than bachelor's degree 7265 184 8025 154 8004 170
Bachelor's degree or more 8733 289 8724 268 8920 284
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 7401 89 8532 79 8465 87
Worked at full-time jobs 5180 137 6595 115 5993 135
50 to 52 weeks 4533 170 5863 139 5114 164
Worked at part-time jobs 5700 164 7683 155 6885 165
Did not work 8823 124 10204 121 10278 124
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 7718 93 9126 88 8959 93
Householder 15 to 64 years 8034 102 9568 95 9422 101
Householder 65 years and over 5789 202 6003 199 5934 200
One worker 5018 159 6063 124 5410 145
Two workers or more 4622 537 6320 533 5628 580
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 5343 133 8056 148 7880 152
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 5876 195 9320 198 9068 206
SSI 4636 159 6517 182 6469 186
Food stamps 6153 117 9028 118 8750 127
Housing assistance 5067 145 9389 169 9183 179
Energy assistance 5276 200 8111 202 7825 216
Free or reduced-price school lunches 7197 143 9167 123 9020 139
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 5224 148 8717 170 8492 175
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Money
Definition 14 Income
less after taxes Money
medical not including Income
programs EITC after taxes
Mean deficit Mean deficit Mean deficit
Def 16 Def 17 Def 18
Value Std error Value Std error Value Std error
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7378 203 7208 146 7155 171
Medicare 5701 211 5930 209 5864 213
Medicaid 6699 106 8604 99 8398 109
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid . . . . . .
Health insurance . . . . . .
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 4726 327 5466 339 5320 348
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
All families 7668 13871 13743 13237 13900 13685 12616 12655
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 5210 10494 10375 10022 10532 10350 9557 9584
White alone 5118 10342 10226 9879 10379 10199 9419 9444
White alone, not Hispanic 3372 8088 7974 7719 8035 7938 7491 7518
Black alone or in combination 2041 2780 2773 2653 2768 2739 2501 2510
Black alone 2007 2738 2732 2613 2725 2696 2464 2473
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 292 436 434 403 437 435 404 406
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 278 416 415 385 418 416 387 389
Asian alone or in combination 272 407 405 376 409 407 378 380
Asian alone 260 391 389 360 392 391 364 366
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 23 33 33 31 33 32 29 29
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 17 26 26 24 25 25 23 23
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 237 339 336 326 342 337 315 317
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 157 202 201 197 205 202 191 191
Two or more races 108 174 170 163 174 172 156 158
Hispanic (of any race) 1922 2474 2472 2369 2560 2479 2133 2131
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 3436 8209 8092 7832 8156 8056 7600 7629
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1005 1082 1084 1037 1097 1067 947 949
25 to 44 years 3985 4592 4572 4318 4689 4499 3756 3765
45 to 54 years 1108 1626 1619 1525 1628 1606 1475 1477
55 to 64 years 818 1712 1703 1640 1709 1718 1668 1673
65 years and over 752 4859 4765 4716 4778 4795 4770 4791
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2910 7564 7453 7192 7517 7361 6898 6913
With related children under 18 1746 2152 2143 1959 2191 2021 1578 1576
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
With related children under 6 1052 1204 1194 1094 1217 1120 886 885
Male householder, no wife present 671 997 996 951 1020 1034 938 952
Female householder, no husband present 4087 5309 5295 5094 5363 5289 4780 4789
With related children under 18 3615 4179 4177 3995 4219 4122 3626 3627
With related children under 6 2001 2183 2185 2098 2198 2151 1917 1920
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Region
Northeast 1274 2371 2370 2257 2361 2328 2169 2161
Midwest 1536 2934 2885 2776 2897 2847 2644 2676
South 3278 5817 5761 5586 5863 5791 5351 5359
West 1579 2749 2727 2618 2779 2718 2451 2458
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2620 4283 4265 4134 4332 4271 3962 3976
High school graduate, no college 2752 5241 5175 4997 5248 5153 4707 4726
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1703 3055 3022 2871 3031 2978 2730 2736
Bachelor's degree or more 594 1293 1282 1235 1289 1282 1217 1216
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 6916 9012 8978 8520 9122 8889 7846 7864
Worked at full-time jobs 2299 2714 2710 2436 2800 2631 1953 1959
50 to 52 weeks 1364 1563 1561 1368 1648 1498 1029 1031
Worked at part-time jobs 1191 1463 1460 1396 1494 1463 1274 1274
Did not work 3427 4835 4808 4688 4828 4796 4618 4630
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5688 11377 11250 11057 11280 11252 10861 10890
Householder 15 to 64 years 4961 6679 6646 6479 6670 6629 6247 6254
Householder 65 years and over 726 4698 4604 4577 4609 4623 4615 4636
One worker 1880 2376 2371 2075 2496 2309 1656 1666
Two workers or more 101 118 122 105 124 124 98 98
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1569 2441 2437 2394 2441 2430 2347 2349
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 895 1070 1071 1049 1071 1059 1009 1012
SSI 840 1592 1588 1564 1591 1590 1557 1555
Food stamps 3135 3768 3756 3652 3796 3736 3373 3389
Housing assistance 1397 1718 1714 1664 1705 1699 1594 1591
Energy assistance 862 1188 1182 1150 1189 1172 1084 1087
Free or reduced-price school lunches 3236 3831 3825 3642 3925 3749 3201 3197
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1189 1522 1521 1492 1518 1505 1451 1452
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 1 Defin 2 Defin 3 Defin 4 Defin 5 Defin 6 Defin 7 Defin 8
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1704 3572 3522 3015 3225 3179 2841 2859
Medicare 604 4524 4439 4405 4450 4462 4444 4455
Medicaid 4366 5901 5874 5731 6038 5888 5250 5263
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 220 697 688 678 693 690 679 679
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
All families 7147 6960 6954 6490 6180 5596 5220 5782
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 4806 4677 4671 4368 4181 3844 3564 3973
White alone 4721 4593 4587 4294 4111 3782 3508 3908
White alone, not Hispanic 3189 3088 3082 2874 2751 2530 2320 2611
Black alone or in combination 1935 1887 1887 1756 1650 1427 1352 1473
Black alone 1906 1859 1859 1730 1626 1406 1332 1451
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 277 270 270 249 239 222 206 226
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 264 256 256 237 229 213 197 217
Asian alone or in combination 259 251 251 232 224 209 192 213
Asian alone 247 240 240 222 215 201 184 204
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 20 20 20 19 17 14 14 14
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 16 16 16 14 14 12 13 12
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 231 226 226 208 194 178 166 188
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 158 156 156 143 133 124 119 132
Two or more races 99 96 96 86 80 71 64 74
Hispanic (of any race) 1714 1683 1683 1579 1507 1380 1316 1433
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 3250 3147 3141 2926 2799 2571 2355 2655
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 894 885 885 869 823 762 757 775
25 to 44 years 3373 3345 3341 3191 3008 2631 2562 2703
45 to 54 years 1129 1095 1095 980 930 846 784 876
55 to 64 years 904 862 861 762 741 715 620 742
65 years and over 848 773 773 688 678 641 496 686
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2590 2490 2486 2317 2206 2089 1889 2184
With related children under 18 1287 1260 1256 1197 1116 1019 966 1065
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
With related children under 6 777 765 765 748 692 629 602 663
Male householder, no wife present 673 645 642 599 578 536 499 556
Female householder, no husband present 3883 3826 3826 3574 3396 2970 2832 3042
With related children under 18 3277 3250 3250 3095 2930 2530 2457 2596
With related children under 6 1802 1789 1789 1738 1630 1444 1417 1485
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Region
Northeast 1165 1140 1140 1054 998 860 821 898
Midwest 1417 1388 1388 1323 1248 1130 1065 1157
South 3046 2963 2958 2805 2708 2481 2319 2551
West 1519 1469 1469 1307 1226 1125 1015 1176
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2562 2476 2475 2294 2163 1966 1844 2054
High school graduate, no college 2515 2442 2438 2270 2166 1946 1836 2000
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1523 1499 1499 1409 1340 1194 1103 1230
Bachelor's degree or more 548 543 543 517 511 489 438 498
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 6299 6187 6181 5802 5502 4954 4724 5096
Worked at full-time jobs 1681 1662 1660 1573 1474 1241 1200 1268
50 to 52 weeks 915 905 905 857 789 661 646 679
Worked at part-time jobs 1089 1067 1066 1017 948 819 803 841
Did not work 3530 3458 3455 3212 3080 2894 2721 2987
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5730 5573 5569 5184 4988 4563 4216 4698
Householder 15 to 64 years 4913 4822 4818 4518 4330 3940 3737 4038
Householder 65 years and over 817 751 751 666 658 623 479 660
One worker 1328 1301 1299 1221 1114 959 927 1002
Two workers or more 89 86 86 85 78 74 77 81
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 2007 1917 1917 1458 1328 1132 1081 1193
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 940 932 932 838 756 610 597 639
SSI 1272 1183 1183 782 706 634 592 676
Food stamps 2994 2923 2923 2719 2466 1969 1885 2052
Housing assistance 1393 1361 1361 1252 1133 831 831 871
Energy assistance 834 813 813 744 682 552 517 573
Free or reduced-price school lunches 2820 2788 2788 2637 2462 2039 1957 2116
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1355 1318 1318 1115 995 808 781 849
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 9 Defin 10 Defin 11 Defin 12 Defin 13 Defin 14 Defin 15 Defin 16
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1197 1162 1160 1118 1087 992 910 1023
Medicare 733 635 635 537 532 512 437 547
Medicaid 4237 4131 4129 3715 3412 2941 2813 3073
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 329 273 273 187 183 169 143 178
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 17 Defin 18
All families 7977 6908
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 5438 4661
White alone 5337 4578
White alone, not Hispanic 3493 3077
Black alone or in combination 2110 1854
Black alone 2073 1827
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 307 272
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 293 260
Asian alone or in combination 286 255
Asian alone 274 244
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 24 20
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 18 15
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 244 220
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 158 146
Two or more races 117 97
Hispanic (of any race) 2028 1667
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 3564 3133
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1038 892
25 to 44 years 4132 3398
45 to 54 years 1188 1042
55 to 64 years 865 827
65 years and over 755 748
Type of Family
Married-couple families 3006 2564
With related children under 18 1793 1353
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 17 Defin 18
With related children under 6 1068 829
Male householder, no wife present 711 628
Female householder, no husband present 4260 3716
With related children under 18 3746 3215
With related children under 6 2061 1796
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 17 Defin 18
Region
Northeast 1321 1151
Midwest 1571 1389
South 3423 2965
West 1663 1403
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2737 2431
High school graduate, no college 2853 2409
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1770 1518
Bachelor's degree or more 617 551
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 7223 6160
Worked at full-time jobs 2467 1754
50 to 52 weeks 1484 978
Worked at part-time jobs 1259 1076
Did not work 3497 3330
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 17 Defin 18
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 5795 5405
Householder 15 to 64 years 5077 4688
Householder 65 years and over 719 718
One worker 2062 1406
Two workers or more 120 97
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1595 1515
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 906 856
SSI 856 823
Food stamps 3199 2847
Housing assistance 1428 1300
Energy assistance 869 775
Free or reduced-price school lunches 3332 2778
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1207 1151
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Defin 17 Defin 18
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1801 1435
Medicare 615 593
Medicaid 4493 3887
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0
Health insurance 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 227 211
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 63659359 8.01685E11 1.3767E8 1.84585E12 1.3643E8 1.83042E12 1.3322E8
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 41472119 5.06859E11 99601356 1.27531E12 98512405 1.26287E12 96348427
White alone 40723153 4.97059E11 97974234 1.25186E12 96928363 1.23995E12 94807391
White alone, not Hispanic 26363208 3.12208E11 75793676 9.35484E11 74785966 9.23637E11 73244820
Black alone or in combination 18547064 2.46799E11 31696143 4.77567E11 31581692 4.75306E11 30700345
Black alone 18226124 2.42106E11 31177201 4.68288E11 31064327 4.66069E11 30206664
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 2536054 3.35565E10 4587106 6.71795E10 4550489 6.64962E10 4404621
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 2412160 3.21198E10 4357954 6.3349E10 4325240 6.27567E10 4182668
Asian alone or in combination 2368784 3.15684E10 4296443 6.33069E10 4268348 6.28326E10 4130034
Asian alone 2258020 3.02249E10 4089303 5.97177E10 4063533 5.92932E10 3927496
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 183407 2185043351 319540 4251031507 308693 3992258547 298863
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 153698 1894034395 265041 3572637706 258097 3404919814 251563
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 2035149 2.64884E10 3691292 5.38932E10 3641865 5.3234E10 3572667
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 1408456 1.87515E10 2301566 3.47604E10 2295219 3.46237E10 2262969
Two or more races 889907 1.1649E10 1861425 2.76491E10 1816019 2.70768E10 1761851
Hispanic (of any race) 16006455 2.06826E11 24782920 3.5614E11 24740252 3.55954E11 24095926
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 26841488 3.17791E11 77043397 9.52589E11 75992789 9.40223E11 74432057
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9440551 1.22412E11 10966211 1.50233E11 10957065 1.50104E11 10699620
25 to 44 years 34899461 4.55862E11 47940092 7.1575E11 47651307 7.10395E11 45980080
45 to 54 years 8650148 1.02093E11 16642057 2.34277E11 16546271 2.32752E11 15902674
55 to 64 years 6161653 7.66805E10 18129476 2.52035E11 18039098 2.51438E11 17678647
65 years and over 4507546 4.46372E10 43990934 4.93552E11 43231817 4.85728E11 42956913
Type of Family
Married-couple families 22271301 2.77672E11 70630548 8.88887E11 69624813 8.77198E11 67875390
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
With related children under 18 14569294 1.98884E11 21474203 3.38111E11 21323022 3.35468E11 20023729
With related children under 6 9482847 1.36318E11 12050442 1.91811E11 11931534 1.89544E11 11175073
Male householder, no wife present 5182075 6.10826E10 9694103 1.28422E11 9660299 1.28024E11 9465082
Female householder, no husband present 36205983 4.6293E11 57344118 8.28537E11 57140447 8.25194E11 55877461
With related children under 18 33253984 4.34459E11 46622496 7.02423E11 46507852 7.00058E11 45346741
With related children under 6 20030157 2.76558E11 25558154 4.01502E11 25512760 4.00348E11 24896044
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Region
Northeast 10448763 1.29005E11 23406663 3.13197E11 23381583 3.12904E11 22661039
Midwest 12887654 1.61289E11 28230378 3.74781E11 27913396 3.70995E11 27199430
South 27348156 3.42966E11 58795872 7.82954E11 58145009 7.74045E11 57107025
West 12974787 1.68424E11 27235856 3.74914E11 26985571 3.72473E11 26250439
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 22637575 2.95168E11 45448942 6.44502E11 45198243 6.40992E11 44451330
High school graduate, no college 22070358 2.708E11 50539247 6.66203E11 50007985 6.59982E11 48897118
College: Less than bachelor's degree 13707101 1.68417E11 29289991 3.81775E11 28933207 3.77106E11 27965728
Bachelor's degree or more 5244326 6.73E10 12390590 1.53366E11 12286123 1.52336E11 11903756
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 59151813 7.57047E11 93677835 1.35229E12 93193741 1.34469E12 90261020
Worked at full-time jobs 14877838 1.56336E11 18566503 2.04806E11 18467400 2.02943E11 16798611
50 to 52 weeks 7806212 7.57103E10 9051714 8.80042E10 9014797 8.69332E10 8005319
Worked at part-time jobs 9070667 9.81432E10 12260206 1.47111E11 12171859 1.45354E11 11648921
Did not work 35203308 5.02568E11 62851126 1.00038E12 62554482 9.96392E11 61813488
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 51808219 6.80811E11 1.2295E8 1.69632E12 1.2176E8 1.68221E12 1.2019E8
Householder 15 to 64 years 47483198 6.38362E11 79703008 1.2101E12 79279801 1.20384E12 77897096
Householder 65 years and over 4325021 4.2449E10 43242066 4.8622E11 42477773 4.78368E11 42290511
One worker 11207435 1.14084E11 13994609 1.42166E11 13946538 1.40968E11 12449164
Two workers or more 643706 6789614264 729087 7359433944 721446 7241848994 581163
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 12592106 1.45029E11 31451499 4.98785E11 31408630 4.98444E11 31034955
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 8288983 1.02459E11 15044267 2.58835E11 15009032 2.58123E11 14776211
SSI 5461164 5.47044E10 20084095 3.10461E11 20068649 3.107E11 19897201
Food stamps 28048691 3.63433E11 44848117 7.01783E11 44624116 6.98127E11 43802840
Housing assistance 13146326 1.69573E11 21104724 3.25581E11 21014869 3.23581E11 20678459
Energy assistance 6887684 8.00418E10 13536925 1.97458E11 13461343 1.96315E11 13280687
Free or reduced-price school lunches 29443642 4.00556E11 43773766 7.03046E11 43591321 6.99576E11 42449595
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 10324737 1.23013E11 21187971 3.5458E11 21172345 3.54606E11 20947836
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 1 Definition 2 Definition 3 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 12221237 1.41723E11 28275195 3.26022E11 27921811 3.22767E11 24714186
Medicare 3579623 3.42182E10 41643852 4.68886E11 40966088 4.62174E11 40752141
Medicaid 37331890 4.76399E11 65791736 9.84143E11 65441296 9.78754E11 64296735
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 1194687 1.10588E10 7467275 9.60492E10 7366513 9.49281E10 7287074
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
All families 1.79628E12 1.3831E8 1.85513E12 1.3724E8 1.84637E12 1.2686E8 1.71418E12
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 1.23978E12 1.0012E8 1.28206E12 99234885 1.27478E12 91944414 1.18338E12
White alone 1.21751E12 98516986 1.25896E12 97643584 1.25183E12 90479640 1.1621E12
White alone, not Hispanic 9.07899E11 75384195 9.30131E11 75026979 9.2768E11 71190046 8.81732E11
Black alone or in combination 4.65595E11 31745907 4.78665E11 31589351 4.77427E11 28990064 4.43685E11
Black alone 4.56861E11 31232293 4.69696E11 31083148 4.68574E11 28533421 4.35346E11
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 6.52038E10 4599140 6.76585E10 4585199 6.7551E10 4251797 6.3136E10
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 6.14853E10 4368223 6.38025E10 4355004 6.36912E10 4040112 5.94755E10
Asian alone or in combination 6.1645E10 4304113 6.3794E10 4296975 6.37915E10 4007635 6.00459E10
Asian alone 5.81246E10 4094427 6.01486E10 4087701 6.01395E10 3810931 5.65647E10
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 3868402022 322286 4203870454 314943 4094572655 266385 3384793861
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 3302110301 270186 3595240429 263693 3493050194 225572 2852152689
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 5.24896E10 3722462 5.44939E10 3694841 5.41637E10 3394323 4.96355E10
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 3.4126E10 2354406 3.54338E10 2338289 3.52199E10 2143441 3.20803E10
Two or more races 2.63572E10 1837849 2.73044E10 1821149 2.71127E10 1671492 2.52419E10
Hispanic (of any race) 3.48395E11 25769517 3.69102E11 25235260 3.64191E11 21650030 3.16533E11
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 9.24378E11 76611053 9.47062E11 76245186 9.44504E11 72333485 8.9773E11
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.47589E11 11188950 1.53153E11 11107599 1.52724E11 9783078 1.36793E11
25 to 44 years 6.92487E11 48946097 7.28377E11 47896924 7.19787E11 40761549 6.28785E11
45 to 54 years 2.24777E11 16705137 2.33842E11 16621276 2.33099E11 15360953 2.17274E11
55 to 64 years 2.47905E11 18095003 2.52269E11 18141991 2.52848E11 17740814 2.47533E11
65 years and over 4.83521E11 43370959 4.87492E11 43469775 4.87913E11 43218102 4.83796E11
Type of Family
Married-couple families 8.58126E11 70517391 8.88607E11 69554760 8.80249E11 65131787 8.20005E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
With related children under 18 3.20673E11 22080029 3.46365E11 21031221 3.37287E11 16763651 2.78901E11
With related children under 6 1.8013E11 12402636 1.96565E11 11733761 1.90277E11 9088319 1.51829E11
Male householder, no wife present 1.26143E11 9877601 1.30457E11 9891470 1.30501E11 9115837 1.21871E11
Female householder, no husband present 8.12009E11 57911155 8.36069E11 57791334 8.3562E11 52616872 7.72305E11
With related children under 18 6.87984E11 47149258 7.10059E11 46933601 7.09162E11 41893997 6.47205E11
With related children under 6 3.92849E11 25857079 4.05471E11 25742255 4.04816E11 22937358 3.67312E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Region
Northeast 3.04877E11 23392809 3.13382E11 23295251 3.12579E11 21746290 2.93104E11
Midwest 3.63835E11 28160455 3.74574E11 27930266 3.73051E11 25960062 3.47722E11
South 7.63621E11 59254523 7.8852E11 58851535 7.84947E11 54405288 7.28964E11
West 3.63946E11 27498359 3.78659E11 27160512 3.75794E11 24752856 3.44391E11
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 6.33743E11 46258574 6.56408E11 45844912 6.52559E11 42060634 6.01816E11
High school graduate, no college 6.49102E11 50753803 6.69463E11 50354354 6.66498E11 46562563 6.20239E11
College: Less than bachelor's degree 3.65833E11 29071264 3.78373E11 28866254 3.76979E11 26568813 3.47662E11
Bachelor's degree or more 1.47601E11 12222505 1.50891E11 12172044 1.50334E11 11672487 1.44465E11
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 1.31276E12 94935188 1.36764E12 93767790 1.35846E12 83646394 1.23039E12
Worked at full-time jobs 1.84814E11 19380727 2.13416E11 18560123 2.06943E11 12591742 1.36292E11
50 to 52 weeks 7.69123E10 9749746 9.48899E10 9072765 8.92421E10 5363385 4.88272E10
Worked at part-time jobs 1.39736E11 12635276 1.51985E11 12495765 1.50763E11 10002342 1.16766E11
Did not work 9.88209E11 62919185 1.00224E12 62711902 1.00075E12 61052310 9.77328E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1.66419E12 1.2244E8 1.69343E12 1.2235E8 1.69276E12 1.1725E8 1.62038E12
Householder 15 to 64 years 1.1872E12 79886956 1.21364E12 79718709 1.21263E12 74770153 1.14288E12
Householder 65 years and over 4.76989E11 42557993 4.79789E11 42635888 4.80139E11 42479865 4.77495E11
One worker 1.26868E11 15107631 1.5476E11 14168286 1.4695E11 9124662 8.96002E10
Two workers or more 5219062893 753568 6941177908 714681 6656013689 489816 4203741038
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 4.93489E11 31686978 5.03147E11 31618692 5.02478E11 30111441 4.79006E11
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 2.54589E11 15083586 2.59509E11 15042233 2.59161E11 14146827 2.44488E11
SSI 3.0885E11 20270185 3.14174E11 20243959 3.13905E11 19575718 3.04209E11
Food stamps 6.88005E11 45504647 7.11386E11 45086885 7.08241E11 40619784 6.44609E11
Housing assistance 3.19332E11 21218423 3.26985E11 21139646 3.26187E11 19474384 3.02766E11
Energy assistance 1.94695E11 13710253 2.00745E11 13612168 1.99724E11 12472464 1.83356E11
Free or reduced-price school lunches 6.87924E11 44878160 7.20074E11 44022151 7.12625E11 37980983 6.30184E11
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 3.51549E11 21359298 3.58227E11 21299778 3.5778E11 20212392 3.39801E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 4 Definition 5 Definition 6 Definition 7
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 2.8863E11 25834937 2.99412E11 25667864 2.98294E11 23439135 2.74557E11
Medicare 4.60258E11 41145563 4.64297E11 41162643 4.64118E11 40857484 4.59961E11
Medicaid 9.6432E11 67168838 1.00092E12 66360611 9.94114E11 59425536 9.01376E11
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 9.39173E10 7419799 9.57644E10 7402524 9.55287E10 7211996 9.26563E10
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 1.2681E8 1.71246E12 66571343 9.21096E11 65531121 9.09288E11 65476052
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 91903480 1.18229E12 42480721 5.64071E11 41802324 5.56988E11 41762334
White alone 90438046 1.16105E12 41643859 5.5204E11 40982638 5.45138E11 40943380
White alone, not Hispanic 71186953 8.81227E11 27840399 3.55206E11 27321954 3.49631E11 27294786
Black alone or in combination 28990798 4.43268E11 20054142 2.96655E11 19787067 2.93655E11 19776320
Black alone 28535833 4.35006E11 19712403 2.91006E11 19450282 2.88058E11 19439903
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 4247054 6.30302E10 2768398 4.15106E10 2696805 3.99155E10 2694004
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 4036318 5.94258E10 2632435 3.98297E10 2561333 3.82399E10 2558532
Asian alone or in combination 4002680 5.99324E10 2617492 3.97624E10 2548038 3.81879E10 2545569
Asian alone 3806907 5.65064E10 2491286 3.81773E10 2422324 3.66082E10 2419854
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 266908 3393693633 163366 1891494664 160735 1865481486 160404
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 225801 2860771499 137539 1593748239 135399 1573100637 135068
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 3388468 4.94294E10 2277937 3.32755E10 2233977 3.29443E10 2231344
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 2136305 3.18848E10 1618078 2.42805E10 1593595 2.41196E10 1592063
Two or more races 1671371 2.51565E10 968178 1.39986E10 946883 1.37912E10 945782
Hispanic (of any race) 21609344 3.15938E11 15797162 2.2695E11 15612564 2.25316E11 15599281
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 72330543 8.97192E11 28384102 3.62423E11 27861273 3.56812E11 27833649
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 9766599 1.36664E11 9054682 1.25549E11 9025258 1.2535E11 9022439
25 to 44 years 40659161 6.27051E11 33890453 5.00595E11 33748032 4.99029E11 33711083
45 to 54 years 15372244 2.17292E11 10207365 1.33644E11 9992504 1.31001E11 9984219
55 to 64 years 17775580 2.47724E11 7715879 1.001E11 7435766 9.706E10 7432427
65 years and over 43240679 4.83729E11 5702964 6.12076E10 5329561 5.68474E10 5325884
Type of Family
Married-couple families 65109161 8.19151E11 21724658 2.87245E11 21197313 2.80151E11 21175970
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
With related children under 18 16708573 2.77939E11 12044778 1.82636E11 11900283 1.80639E11 11879087
With related children under 6 9048694 1.51092E11 7288662 1.1074E11 7223085 1.10136E11 7213938
Male householder, no wife present 9135555 1.21888E11 5446614 6.78633E10 5286027 6.65837E10 5282840
Female householder, no husband present 52569547 7.71421E11 39400070 5.65988E11 39047780 5.62553E11 39017241
With related children under 18 41819740 6.46179E11 35058432 5.19625E11 34888420 5.17588E11 34858561
With related children under 6 22894800 3.66755E11 20538031 3.18273E11 20477549 3.17585E11 20468624
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Region
Northeast 21718186 2.92835E11 11523090 1.64443E11 11362023 1.62729E11 11355650
Midwest 25955604 3.47211E11 13458968 1.87863E11 13337052 1.86661E11 13324885
South 54406853 7.28458E11 27261867 3.60994E11 26883819 3.57431E11 26861131
West 24733620 3.43955E11 14327418 2.07795E11 13948226 2.02467E11 13934385
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 42046692 6.01364E11 24471414 3.55827E11 23952208 3.4961E11 23937232
High school graduate, no college 46542926 6.19508E11 23130788 3.12336E11 22836006 3.09765E11 22818367
College: Less than bachelor's degree 26556359 3.47246E11 13785783 1.84775E11 13608243 1.82425E11 13592373
Bachelor's degree or more 11668287 1.44341E11 5183357 6.81585E10 5134664 6.74882E10 5128079
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 83573583 1.22873E12 60868379 8.59888E11 60201560 8.52441E11 60150167
Worked at full-time jobs 12523224 1.35289E11 10621166 1.1294E11 10546934 1.12517E11 10526835
50 to 52 weeks 5329032 4.84353E10 4799958 4.40038E10 4751304 4.37528E10 4737454
Worked at part-time jobs 9960526 1.16054E11 8112989 9.09516E10 8018120 9.03385E10 8008715
Did not work 61089834 9.77388E11 42134224 6.55996E11 41636505 6.49586E11 41614617
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 1.172E8 1.61895E12 58609007 8.4241E11 57688550 8.3139E11 57652635
Householder 15 to 64 years 74712315 1.14159E12 53073806 7.82718E11 52503993 7.75916E11 52470913
Householder 65 years and over 42491972 4.77365E11 5535201 5.96923E10 5184557 5.54741E10 5181722
One worker 9118130 8.92891E10 7521582 7.48218E10 7410645 7.40951E10 7392918
Two workers or more 491846 4218012983 440753 3863929443 431926 3802987001 430498
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 30088892 4.78392E11 23213816 3.53127E11 22332104 3.41957E11 22325765
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 14126742 2.44142E11 12259803 2.02131E11 12164405 2.006E11 12161761
SSI 19569525 3.03914E11 14113938 2.10201E11 13265459 1.99381E11 13261339
Food stamps 40567624 6.435E11 31799049 4.74875E11 31373792 4.69607E11 31366109
Housing assistance 19449582 3.02316E11 15588595 2.34401E11 15301849 2.30495E11 15299892
Energy assistance 12441969 1.82772E11 8343515 1.16834E11 8205269 1.15448E11 8203881
Free or reduced-price school lunches 37889782 6.28706E11 30111623 4.70229E11 29860449 4.66639E11 29858073
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 20190455 3.39313E11 16958944 2.70878E11 16604062 2.65961E11 16601909
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 8 Definition 9 Definition 10 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 23454480 2.74407E11 9456254 1.17335E11 9341596 1.16367E11 9323978
Medicare 40866978 4.59767E11 4960387 5.15616E10 4373301 4.5211E10 4372671
Medicaid 59322878 8.99574E11 42762243 6.19136E11 41931996 6.08847E11 41908180
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 7209925 9.25668E10 2495647 2.78736E10 2028155 2.23998E10 2027856
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
All families 9.08155E11 54756204 6.99358E11 53664283 6.91907E11 41376861 4.80774E11
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 5.56218E11 35356382 4.36996E11 34755911 4.32869E11 28153618 3.21499E11
White alone 5.44396E11 34720127 4.28668E11 34132973 4.24616E11 27696201 3.15998E11
White alone, not Hispanic 3.49118E11 23044969 2.75767E11 22681800 2.7332E11 18647243 2.09464E11
Black alone or in combination 2.93389E11 16214402 2.20106E11 15796756 2.17321E11 10622766 1.25708E11
Black alone 2.8781E11 15947743 2.16121E11 15533677 2.13359E11 10431829 1.23147E11
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 3.98614E10 2187136 2.95945E10 2150099 2.93467E10 1880304 2.50244E10
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 3.81858E10 2081160 2.83553E10 2047561 2.81261E10 1819796 2.45179E10
Asian alone or in combination 3.81382E10 2060465 2.81714E10 2027211 2.7946E10 1775744 2.38564E10
Asian alone 3.65584E10 1961372 2.6974E10 1930124 2.67622E10 1718759 2.33739E10
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 1861203328 137405 1556883637 131964 1523751930 110660 1268873531
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 1568822478 119346 1380484097 117437 1363888486 101038 1143923820
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 3.28551E10 1789168 2.29334E10 1736184 2.2557E10 1288326 1.52627E10
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 2.40761E10 1255369 1.62715E10 1214167 1.59466E10 882513 1.04848E10
Two or more races 1.37455E10 752246 9942621206 735905 9859997935 546522 6625811228
Hispanic (of any race) 2.25061E11 13094778 1.71586E11 12821315 1.69665E11 9975874 1.17876E11
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 3.5628E11 23458921 2.80823E11 23083007 2.78305E11 18923128 2.12594E11
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.25282E11 8361423 1.10624E11 8240641 1.09899E11 6315867 7.47224E10
25 to 44 years 4.98273E11 28558650 3.83127E11 27828867 3.7768E11 20092670 2.4408E11
45 to 54 years 1.3085E11 7596374 8.88337E10 7440967 8.78819E10 5867570 6.3712E10
55 to 64 years 9.69808E10 5928242 7.41417E10 5865811 7.39161E10 5190539 6.08342E10
65 years and over 5.67693E10 4311513 4.26311E10 4287996 4.25304E10 3910214 3.74259E10
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2.79726E11 18027964 2.25672E11 17680450 2.23407E11 15526302 1.86332E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
With related children under 18 1.80221E11 10518454 1.4981E11 10224744 1.47677E11 8392173 1.14732E11
With related children under 6 1.09969E11 6764962 1.00693E11 6561335 9.90396E10 5471166 7.76803E10
Male householder, no wife present 6.65421E10 4624030 5.54373E10 4576106 5.51053E10 3871447 4.22587E10
Female householder, no husband present 5.61887E11 32104209 4.18249E11 31407726 4.13396E11 21979112 2.52184E11
With related children under 18 5.16937E11 29208202 3.90564E11 28539887 3.85815E11 19418150 2.2761E11
With related children under 6 3.17383E11 17710794 2.49128E11 17275755 2.45919E11 11851294 1.4469E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Region
Northeast 1.62592E11 8946660 1.11998E11 8691504 1.09517E11 6452041 7.58699E10
Midwest 1.86401E11 11176241 1.41724E11 10959934 1.40675E11 8116152 9.22738E10
South 3.56992E11 23701511 3.01269E11 23364911 2.99279E11 18188774 2.05139E11
West 2.02171E11 10931792 1.44366E11 10647934 1.42437E11 8619895 1.07492E11
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 3.49328E11 19521527 2.56871E11 19136864 2.54363E11 14100575 1.61822E11
High school graduate, no college 3.09397E11 18920352 2.3694E11 18528688 2.34399E11 14062454 1.58455E11
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1.82088E11 11633949 1.45334E11 11343531 1.43078E11 8888018 1.05998E11
Bachelor's degree or more 6.73417E10 4680376 6.02124E10 4655199 6.0068E10 4325814 5.44994E10
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 8.51386E11 50444690 6.56727E11 49376287 6.49377E11 37466647 4.43348E11
Worked at full-time jobs 1.12251E11 9640680 9.86267E10 9292229 9.66627E10 6521937 5.82729E10
50 to 52 weeks 4.35856E10 4445662 4.03432E10 4233801 3.91923E10 3052328 2.4605E10
Worked at part-time jobs 9.0174E10 7122360 7.37942E10 6927209 7.24752E10 4768802 4.25255E10
Did not work 6.48961E11 33681650 4.84306E11 33156849 4.80239E11 26175907 3.4255E11
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 8.30505E11 47513113 6.28441E11 46746311 6.22858E11 36067657 4.32256E11
Householder 15 to 64 years 7.75082E11 43336949 5.87014E11 42588788 5.81498E11 32276888 3.95921E11
Householder 65 years and over 5.54222E10 4176164 4.14268E10 4157523 4.13592E10 3790769 3.63343E10
One worker 7.38535E10 6827609 6.72596E10 6525174 6.55054E10 4949346 4.53066E10
Two workers or more 3797018192 415481 3657524998 392798 3544520428 359859 3211975952
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 3.41805E11 11691356 1.34427E11 11164710 1.3023E11 6262381 5.40097E10
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 2.00528E11 7613352 9.36106E10 7201695 9.00295E10 3696048 3.44274E10
SSI 1.9929E11 5200151 5.27135E10 4997319 5.15394E10 3062605 2.36447E10
Food stamps 4.69435E11 24312538 3.16471E11 23336120 3.09489E11 12484219 1.23422E11
Housing assistance 2.30452E11 11664410 1.49868E11 11085094 1.45135E11 4351423 3.50734E10
Energy assistance 1.15426E11 5950834 6.92478E10 5699513 6.70743E10 2978757 2.64219E10
Free or reduced-price school lunches 4.66592E11 24473567 3.41566E11 23751023 3.3617E11 15113052 1.82598E11
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 2.65912E11 9590602 1.13766E11 9081615 1.09616E11 4353816 3.56054E10
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 11 Definition 12 Definition 13 Definition 14
Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.16029E11 8702090 1.05344E11 8599098 1.04775E11 7508655 9.01408E10
Medicare 4.52031E10 3369146 3.26899E10 3351278 3.2608E10 3074026 2.82858E10
Medicaid 6.08349E11 31947586 4.12151E11 30873232 4.04846E11 20351846 2.22665E11
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 2.2394E10 1058404 1.00584E10 1040651 9976565070 812340 6580404100
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
All families 38783426 4.53337E11 41667762 4.8171E11 66148717 8.30342E11 56575851
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 26344323 3.03864E11 28361385 3.22191E11 43236879 5.27869E11 36524095
White alone 25941691 2.99196E11 27896713 3.1667E11 42454294 5.17657E11 35857319
White alone, not Hispanic 17100774 1.92236E11 18763890 2.0981E11 27221566 3.2116E11 23823250
Black alone or in combination 10128541 1.20455E11 10683660 1.25871E11 19137750 2.53167E11 16779346
Black alone 9941336 1.17932E11 10491303 1.23308E11 18811243 2.48461E11 16495681
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 1682462 2.20742E10 1895357 2.50817E10 2630786 3.43486E10 2270834
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 1622415 2.15856E10 1833597 2.457E10 2505472 3.29535E10 2163198
Asian alone or in combination 1575504 2.09037E10 1788219 2.39001E10 2457855 3.23527E10 2137724
Asian alone 1519002 2.04396E10 1730142 2.34127E10 2345328 3.10275E10 2036971
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 112370 1250063236 114179 1285868013 189025 2159035125 145504
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 103412 1146012512 103455 1157315441 159703 1925048059 125785
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 1139788 1.28303E10 1302767 1.53056E10 2108999 2.73608E10 1826046
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 788690 8854674488 891433 1.05127E10 1451878 1.92303E10 1273256
Two or more races 489295 5769282173 554717 6648721171 926271 1.20409E10 786838
Hispanic (of any race) 9727118 1.1782E11 10069963 1.18234E11 16938517 2.19229E11 13496862
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 17336000 1.94806E11 19045620 2.12954E11 27714398 3.26857E11 24247140
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 6111379 7.09502E10 6339491 7.47981E10 9797535 1.26642E11 8514176
25 to 44 years 19578635 2.35665E11 20212915 2.44585E11 36316634 4.73502E11 29483455
45 to 54 years 5343232 5.80509E10 5917147 6.38464E10 9088502 1.06312E11 8011879
55 to 64 years 4647213 5.77613E10 5248900 6.09596E10 6419002 7.91715E10 6137608
65 years and over 3102967 3.09097E10 3949309 3.75206E10 4527045 4.47139E10 4428732
Type of Family
Married-couple families 14246639 1.75506E11 15703252 1.86932E11 23168430 2.88967E11 19044945
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
With related children under 18 8107917 1.13795E11 8499772 1.15197E11 15281937 2.08938E11 11244441
With related children under 6 5227915 7.50209E10 5549983 7.80465E10 9873104 1.42374E11 7263824
Male householder, no wife present 3715415 4.08123E10 3885339 4.22897E10 5485867 6.39293E10 4765444
Female householder, no husband present 20821372 2.37019E11 22079171 2.52488E11 37494420 4.77446E11 32765463
With related children under 18 18565440 2.15167E11 19513481 2.2791E11 34452075 4.48525E11 29794955
With related children under 6 11489104 1.38958E11 11929944 1.44968E11 20721827 2.8521E11 18034497
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Region
Northeast 6089245 7.25929E10 6505543 7.60375E10 10796942 1.33658E11 9376268
Midwest 7541005 8.56122E10 8173027 9.24349E10 13288699 1.65576E11 11507216
South 17273277 1.95562E11 18286130 2.05457E11 28422705 3.54689E11 24346761
West 7879900 9.95701E10 8703062 1.07781E11 13640372 1.76418E11 11345606
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 13480616 1.5758E11 14234235 1.62245E11 23618786 3.06826E11 20046114
High school graduate, no college 13428018 1.51803E11 14147787 1.58738E11 22942593 2.80675E11 19467721
College: Less than bachelor's degree 8141977 9.69393E10 8939138 1.06135E11 14205267 1.73864E11 12149429
Bachelor's degree or more 3732815 4.70145E10 4346602 5.4591E10 5382072 6.89776E10 4912587
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 35680460 4.22428E11 37718454 4.44189E11 61621673 7.85628E11 52147119
Worked at full-time jobs 6589429 6.35167E10 6565928 5.84077E10 16269293 1.72064E11 10512044
50 to 52 weeks 3226361 2.90615E10 3079743 2.47051E10 8699547 8.51313E10 4998619
Worked at part-time jobs 4739125 4.3308E10 4795685 4.25797E10 9669465 1.04976E11 7407127
Did not work 24351906 3.15603E11 26356841 3.43202E11 35682914 5.08588E11 34227948
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 33133464 3.9583E11 36263479 4.32752E11 52888536 6.93737E11 48426667
Householder 15 to 64 years 30131227 3.65815E11 32442397 3.96357E11 48574184 6.51437E11 44168412
Householder 65 years and over 3002237 3.0015E10 3821082 3.6395E10 4314351 4.23007E10 4258254
One worker 5165901 5.13965E10 5029454 4.56975E10 12502932 1.28532E11 7604213
Two workers or more 484061 6110679659 374829 3260295285 757250 8073089593 544971
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 5965683 5.25204E10 6372273 5.43103E10 12852665 1.48231E11 11934261
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 3572850 3.34604E10 3753093 3.45927E10 8441797 1.0459E11 7761423
SSI 2875342 2.30824E10 3131754 2.38263E10 5581037 5.59147E10 5325481
Food stamps 11978769 1.20165E11 12624401 1.23843E11 28883105 3.74548E11 24913772
Housing assistance 4351423 3.50734E10 4412567 3.52094E10 13410671 1.72588E11 11933558
Energy assistance 2809532 2.51492E10 3022694 2.65429E10 7048306 8.19746E10 6063948
Free or reduced-price school lunches 14581043 1.78971E11 15232709 1.83022E11 30546783 4.15771E11 25054440
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 4128578 3.39694E10 4437408 3.58553E10 10524381 1.25668E11 9776534
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 15 Definition 16 Definition 17 Definit
Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg Stderr agg Mean agg
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 7219282 8.81647E10 7546341 9.02327E10 12981731 1.49539E11 10266420
Medicare 2680096 2.54097E10 3116185 2.84231E10 3643922 3.49234E10 3476849
Medicaid 19579076 2.16491E11 20587584 2.23436E11 38661659 4.92927E11 32645244
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Health insurance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 708549 5866997820 839207 6682490219 1240430 1.15498E10 1124842
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
All families 7.17816E11 1243
Race and Hispanic Origin of householder
White alone or in combination 4.49384E11 1243
White alone 4.40606E11 1243
White alone, not Hispanic 2.84172E11 1243
Black alone or in combination 2.25677E11 1243
Black alone 2.21325E11 1243
Asian or Native Hawaiian and other Pacific
Islander alone or in combination 3.01767E10 1243
Asian alone or Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone or
Asian and Native Hawaiian 2.89288E10 1243
Asian alone or in combination 2.86985E10 1243
Asian alone 2.74924E10 1243
Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander
alone or in combination 1620619883 1243
Native Hawaiian and other
Pacific Islander alone 1435543074 1243
American Indian and Alaska Native
alone or in combination 2.33203E10 1243
American Indian and
Alaska Native alone 1.65387E10 1243
Two or more races 1.04185E10 1243
Hispanic (of any race) 1.75733E11 1243
White A.O.I.C., not Hispanic 2.89304E11 1243
Age of Householder
15 to 24 years 1.12293E11 1243
25 to 44 years 3.92268E11 1243
45 to 54 years 9.39938E10 1243
55 to 64 years 7.57939E10 1243
65 years and over 4.34677E10 1243
Type of Family
Married-couple families 2.36167E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
With related children under 18 1.57225E11 1243
With related children under 6 1.06218E11 1243
Male householder, no wife present 5.65971E10 1243
Female householder, no husband present 4.25052E11 1243
With related children under 18 3.96712E11 1243
With related children under 6 2.52881E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Region
Northeast 1.17032E11 1057
Midwest 1.45301E11 1280
South 3.06767E11 1342
West 1.48715E11 1355
Educational Attainment
Less than 12th grade, no diploma 2.61269E11 1243
High school graduate, no college 2.42116E11 1243
College: Less than bachelor's degree 1.50972E11 1243
Bachelor's degree or more 6.34583E10 1243
Work Experience in 2006
Total, 15 to 64 years 6.74348E11 1243
Worked at full-time jobs 1.08154E11 1243
50 to 52 weeks 4.61803E10 1243
Worked at part-time jobs 7.63998E10 1243
Did not work 4.89794E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Year-Round Full-Time Workers
No workers 6.37806E11 1243
Householder 15 to 64 years 5.96047E11 1243
Householder 65 years and over 4.17595E10 1243
One worker 7.44036E10 1243
Two workers or more 5606394821 1243
Program Participation Status of
Family Members
One or more members received:
Cash assistance 1.36728E11 1243
Public assistance or wefare non-SSI 9.54679E10 1243
SSI 5.33846E10 1243
Food stamps 3.22918E11 1243
Housing assistance 1.52874E11 1243
Energy assistance 7.00396E10 1243
Free or reduced-price school lunches 3.46584E11 1243
Family received both food stamps and
cash assistance 1.15782E11 1243
Table 5. Mean Income Deficit of Families in Poverty, by Definition of Income and Selected Characteristics: 2006
Definition 18
Stderr agg Bcell
Health Insurance Coverage
One or more members covered by:
Employer-provided plan 1.2193E11 1243
Medicare 3.3234E10 1243
Medicaid 4.19264E11 1243
No members covered by:
Employer-provided plan or Medicare
or Medicaid 0 1243
Health insurance 0 1243
Family received:
Medicare and Medicaid 1.03289E10 1243
Race Footnotes