| Author | Duration (years) | Age (years) | Population | Exclusion Criteria1 | Participants Lost to Followup | Quality Rating2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adami, 1995 (103) | 2 | 48-76 | 9 Italian Centers, T-score <-2 (0.67g/cm2); 5% vertebral fractures | Narrow | 32/211 (15.2%) | Fair to Good |
| Black, 1996 (104) | 3 | 55-81 | 11 U.S. cities, BMD <0.68 g/cm2; no previous vertebral fractures | Broad (medical illness, dyspepsia, etc.) | 81/2,027 (4%) | Good |
| Bone, 1997 (105) | 2 | >60 | 15 U.S. sites, BMD <0.84 g/cm2; average 20 yrs since menopause; 30.7% vertebral fractures | Broad (medical illness, NSAIDs, GI drugs) | 19/359 (5.3%) | Fair to Good |
| Chesnut, 1995 (106) | 2 | 42-75 (avg. 63) | 7 centers, spine BMD <0.88, average hip BMD 0.7; >5 years since menopause | Broad | 26/157 (16.6%) | Fair |
| Cummings, 1998 (107) | 4 | 55-81 | 11 U.S. cities, BMD <0.68 g/cm2 (ave. 0.59); no previous vertebral fractures | Broad (medical illness, dyspepsia) | 179/4,432 (4%) | Good |
| Greenspan, 1998 (108) | 2.5 | >65 | 1 Boston center, no BMD entry criteria | Narrow ("good health") | 33/120 (27.5%) | Fair |
| Hosking, 1998 (109) | 4 | 45-59 | 4 centers, BMD >0.8 g/cm2; <10% prevalent vertebral fractures | Narrow ("good health") | 287/1,499 (19.1%) | Fair |
| Liberman, 1995 (110) | 3 | 45-80 | 2 multicenter trials, T-score <-2.5; 21% prevalent vertebral fractures | Narrow ("good health") | 170/994 (17.1%) | Good |
| McClung, 1998 (111) | 3 | 40-59 | 15 centers, T-score <-2; 6-36 months since menopause; no previous vertebral fractures | Narrow ("good health," estrogen use) | 31% at 3 years | Fair |
| Pols, 1999 (112) | 1 | 40-82 | 153 centers, T-score <-2.8 | Narrow ("good health") | 211/1,908 (11.1%) | Fair |
1In general, "narrow" criteria excluded estrogen users and patients with illnesses affecting bone metabolism.
2Based on criteria developed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (22).