Proceedings of the Eighth North American Crane Workshop: USGS Patuxent Wildlfe Research Center

CONTENTS	Author	page
PREFACE		iii	full text
WHOOPING CRANE GENETIC MANAGEMENT		1
INCREASED EGG CONSERVATION-- IS IT ESSENTIAL FOR RECOVERY OF WHOOPING CRANES IN THE ARANSAS/WOOD BUFFALO POPULATION?	James C. Lewis	1
MORTALITY OF WHOOPING CRANE COLTS IN WOOD BUFFALO NATIONAL PARK, CANADA, 1997-99	Douglas G. Bergeson, Brian W. Johns, and Geoffrey L. Holroyd	6
EGG COLLECTION AND RECRUITMENT OF YOUNG OF THE YEAR IN THE ARANSAS/WOOD BUFFALO POPULATION OF WHOOPING CRANES	John R. Cannon, Brian W. Johns, and Thomas V. Stehn	11
WHOOPING CRANE EGG MANAGEMENT: OPTIONS AND CONSEQUENCES	David H. Ellis and George F. Gee	17	abstract
BREEDING BIOLOGY		24
WHOOPING CRANES BREEDING AT WHITE LAKE, LOUISIANA, 1939: OBSERVATIONS BY JOHN J. LYNCH, U. S. BUREAU OF BIOLOGICAL SURVEY	Roderick C. Drewien, John Tautin, Mary Lynch Courville, and Gay M. Gomez	24	abstract
ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTION AND PAIR BONDS IN FLORIDA SANDHILL CRANES	Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk, Stephen T. Schwikert, and James A. Schmidt	31
FOOD ITEMS AND FEEDING RATES FOR WILD WHOOPING CRANE COLTS IN WOOD BUFFALO NATIONAL PARK	Douglas G. Bergeson, Mark Bradley, and Geoffrey L. Holroyd	36
SANDHILL CRANE NEST AND EGG CHARACTERISTICS AT MALHEUR NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, OREGON	Carroll D. Littlefield	40
EFFECTS OF AN EARLY SPRING BURN ON GREATER SANDHILL CRANE NESTING SUCCESS AT MALHEUR NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, OREGON	Carroll D. Littlefield, John E. Cornely, and Bradley D. Ehlers	45
MIGRATION AND WINTERING BIOLOGY		48
NOCTURNAL ROOST SITE SELECTION AND DIURNAL HABITAT USE BY SANDHILL CRANES DURING SPRING IN CENTRAL NEBRASKA	Craig A. Davis	48
TRACKING SANDHILL CRANE MIGRATION FROM SASKATCHEWAN TO THE GULF COAST	Dale G. Hjertaas, David H. Ellis, Brian W. Johns, and Stacie L. Moon	57	abstract
REINTRODUCTION EXPERIMENTS		62
Part I. Nonmigratory Populations		62
AN UPDATE OF THE FLORIDA WHOOPING CRANE RELEASE PROJECT THROUGH JUNE 2000	Stephen A. Nesbitt, Martin J. Folk, Kathleen A. Sullivan, Stephen T. Schwikert, and Marilyn G. Spalding	62
TRANSLOCATION OF FLORIDA SANDHILL CRANES TO GEORGIA	Wesley A. Abler and Stephen A. Nesbitt	73
MINIMUM SURVIVAL RATES FOR MISSISSIPPI SANDHILL CRANES: A COMPARISON OF HAND-REARING AND PARENT-REARING	David H. Ellis, George F. Gee, Glenn H. Olsen, Scott G. Hereford, Jane M. Nicolich, Nancy J. Thomas, and Meenakshi Nagendran	80	abstract
Part II. Migratory Populations		85
DEVELOPING A MIGRATORY WHOOPING CRANE FLOCK	Robert H. Horwich	85
CONTINUING STUDIES OF ULTRALIGHT AIRCRAFT APPLICATIONS FOR INTRODUCING MIGRATORY POPULATIONS OF ENDANGERED SPECIES	Kent R. Clegg, and James C. Lewis	96
RESULTS OF THE FIRST ULTRALIGHT-LED SANDHILL CRANE MIGRATION IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA	Joseph W. Duff, William A. Lishman, Dewitt A. Clark, George F. Gee, and David H. Ellis	109	abstract
PROMOTING WILDNESS IN SANDHILL CRANES CONDITIONED TO FOLLOW AN ULTRALIGHT AIRCRAFT	Joseph W. Duff, William A. Lishman, Dewitt A. Clark, George F. Gee, Daniel T. Sprague, and David H. Ellis	115	abstract
RESULTS OF THE SECOND (1996) EXPERIMENT TO LEAD CRANES ON MIGRATION BEHIND A MOTORIZED GROUND VEHICLE	David H. Ellis, Brian Clauss, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, R. Curt Mykut, Matt Shawkey, Daniel P. Mummert, Daniel T. Sprague, Catherine H. Ellis, and F. Benjamin Trahan	122	abstract
FATE OF THE SURVIVORS OF THE 1995 AND 1996 ARIZONA TRUCKING MIGRATIONS OF COSTUME-REARED GREATER SANDHILL CRANES	Daniel P. Mummert, David H. Ellis, and Carol L. Chambers	127	abstract
RESULTS OF THE UTAH-ARIZONA STAGE-BY-STAGE MIGRATIONS	David H. Ellis, Carolee Mellon, Matthew Kinloch, Tressa Dolbeare, and Damien P. Ossi	132	abstract
LESSONS FROM THE MOTORIZED MIGRATIONS	David H. Ellis, George F. Gee, Kent R. Clegg, Joseph W. Duff, William A. Lishman, and William J. L. Sladen	139	abstract
A COMPARISON OF BEHAVIOR FOR TWO COHORTS OF CAPTIVE-REARED GREATER SANDHILL CRANES RELEASED IN NORTHERN ARIZONA	Daniel P. Mummert, Carol L. Chambers, and David H. Ellis	145	abstract
A REINTRODUCTION EXPERIMENT INVOLVING MATED PAIRS OF PARENT-REARED GREATER SANDHILL CRANES IN NORTHERN ARIZONA	Daniel P. Mummert, David H. Ellis, and Carol L. Chambers	155	abstract
WATER CONDITIONING AND WHOOPING CRANE SURVIVAL AFTER RELEASE IN FLORIDA	George F. Gee, Jane M. Nicolich, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Jeff S. Hatfield, David H. Ellis, and Glenn H. Olsen	160	abstract
CAPTIVE BREEDING AND DISEASE CONTROL		166
USING IVERMECTIN TO INCREASE SURVIVAL OF SANDHILL CRANE COLTS AT MALHEUR NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE, OREGON	Gary L. Ivey and Caroline P. Herziger	166
NATURAL FERTILITY IN WHOOPING CRANES AND MISSISSIPPI SANDHILL CRANES AT PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CENTER	Jane M. Nicolich, George F. Gee, David H. Ellis, and Scott G. Hereford	170	abstract
HEMATOLOGICAL AND SERUM CHEMISTRY NORMS FOR SANDHILL AND WHOOPING CRANES	Glenn H. Olsen, Melina M. Hendricks, and Lindsay E. Dressler	178	abstract
THE EFFECTS OF SEMEN COLLECTION ON FERTILITY IN CAPTIVE, NATURALLY FERTILE, SANDHILL CRANES	Guojun Chen, George F. Gee, Jane M. Nicolich, and Joanna A. Taylor	185	abstract
INTERACTIONS OF SANDHILL CRANES AND WHOOPING CRANES WITH FOREIGN OBJECTS IN FLORIDA	Martin J. Folk, Stephen A. Nesbitt, and Marilyn G. Spalding	195
INGESTED METAL IN WHOOPING CRANES: AN ENDOSCOPIC TECHNIQUE FOR REMOVAL AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE RELEASE PROGRAM	Glenn H. Olsen and Michael Wise	198	abstract
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES		203
COUNTING CRANES: HOW MUCH EFFORT IS ENOUGH?	Douglas H. Johnson, Roderick C. Drewien, and Douglas S. Benning	203
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE ATTACHMENT OF SATELLITE TRANSMITTERS TO CRANES	David H. Ellis, Paul W. Howey, and Gary L. Krapu	211	abstract
THE USE OF RADIO TRANSMITTERS TO MONITOR SURVIVAL OF SANDHILL CRANE CHICKS	Marilyn G. Spalding, Stephen A. Nesbitt, Stephen T. Schwikert, and Robert J. Dusek	213
ABSTRACTS		216
DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, AND REPRODUCTION OF THE CUBAN SANDHILL CRANE (Grus canadensis nesiotes)	Xiomara Gálvez Aguilera, Vicente Berovides Alvarez, and José Rivera Rosales	216
MODELS FOR THE ADAPTIVE HARVEST MANAGEMENT OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN SANDHILL CRANES: PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL	William L. Kendall, and Roderick C. Drewien	217	abstract
MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALE ANALYSIS OF WHOOPING CRANE HABITAT IN NEBRASKA	Amy L. Richert and Kevin E. Church	217
SANDHILL CRANE ABUNDANCE AT GRAYS LAKE, IDAHO	I. J. Ball, Jane E. Austin, and Adonia R. Henry	218
POPULATION GENETICS OF MIDCONTINENT SANDHILL CRANES	Jessica L. Petersen, Richard Bischof, and Allen L. Szalanski	219
STATUS OF SANDHILL CRANES IN INDIANA	John S. Castrale and James Bergens	220
USE OF TRADITIONAL INDIAN TRAPPING METHODS TO CAPTURE SANDHILL CRANES	Scott G. Hereford, Tracy E. Grazia, Meenakshi Nagendran, and Ali Hussain	220
NESTING ECOLOGY OF SANDHILL CRANES AT GRAYS LAKE, IDAHO	Jane E. Austin, I. J. Ball, and Adonia R. Henry	221
USE OF SATELLITE TELEMETRY TO IDENTIFY TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE MIDCONTINENT SANDHILL CRANE POPULATION THROUGHOUT THE ANNUAL CYCLE	Gary L. Krapu and David A. Brandt	222
EVALUATION OF THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX (Mhc) IN CRANES: APPLICATIONS TO CONSERVATION EFFORTS	Susan I. Jarvi, Marcia M. Miller, Ronald M. Gotol, George F. Gee, and W. Elwood Briles	223	abstract
PLATTE RIVER COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT AND PROPOSED PROGRAM: EFFORTS TO PROTECT, RESTORE, AND MANAGE HABITAT FOR WHOOPING CRANES, LEAST TERNS, AND PIPING PLOVERS	Clayton Derby and Dale Strickland	224
THE ONE-BY-ONE METHOD FOR RELEASING CRANES	David H. Ellis, Daniel P. Mummert, Richard P. Urbanek, Matthew Kinloch, Carolee Mellon, Tressa Dolbeare, and Damien P. Ossi	225	abstract
WORKSHOP RESOLUTIONS		226