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numerical representation of dynamic flow and transport at the everglades/florida bay interface
Numerical Representation of Dynamic Flow and Transport at the Everglades/Florida Bay Interface
Abstract
The coastal area of Florida Bay interfaces with the wetlands of Everglades National
Park. The region has been the location of multiple field studies to delineate important
processes that affect the hydrology and ecology. Each of these process studies reveals
specific details of the hydrologic regime, and an integrated hydrologic representation is
needed to tie the results of the studies together. This is accomplished with the Southern
Inland and Coastal Systems (SICS) numerical model. Two-dimensional unsteady flow is
computed with constituent transport while allowing for drying and rewetting of model
cells, flow over hydrologic barriers, wind effects, point inflows, and tidal boundaries. The
primary interest in modeling this area is flow quantity and distribution at the coastal
interface. The widely accepted USGS SWIFT2D code is used; modified to allow the
representation of rainfall, evapotranspiration, and ground-water inflows and outflows.
The field process studies yield information on land elevation, flow and conductivity at
the major creeks, velocities and gradients in the wetlands, relation of evapotranspiration
to vegetation and land type, distribution of wind effects on flow, flow resistance
coefficients for vegetation type, location of salt-water interface, and ground-water
seepage exchange. This volume of input data allows the development of a numerical
model with a minimal calibration procedure. The ability of the model to identify
important processes is demonstrated. Water-level and flow reversals at the coast are
seen to be wind dominated. With these inland flows, the representation of salinity
transport by the model is important. The model simulates flows through the wetlands
and at the coast which compare well with the field measurements. Salinity transport is
also simulated by the model, and values at the coast are reproduced.
(This paper is from the proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Ecohydraulics CDROM) Related information:
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U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
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