Grubbs, J.W., 1995, Evaluation of ground-water flow and hydrologic budget for
Lake Five-O, A seepage lake in northwestern, Florida: U.S. Geological Survey Water-
Resources Investigations Report 94-4145, 41 p.
ABSTRACT
Temporal and spatial distributions of ground-water inflow to, and leakage from Lake
Five-O, a softwater, seepage lake in northwestern Florida, were evaluated using
hydrologic data and simulation models of the shallow ground-water system adjacent to
the lake. The simulation models indicate that ground-water inflow to the lake and
leakage from the lake to the ground-water system are the dominant components in the
total inflow (precipitation plus ground-water inflow) and total outflow (evaporation
plus leakage) budgets of Lake Five-O. Simlulated ground-water inflow and leakage were
approximately 4 and 5 times larger than precipitation inputs and evaporative losses,
respectively, during calendar years 1989-90. Exchanges of water between Lake Five-O
and the ground-water system were consistently larger than atmospheric-lake exchanges.
A consistent pattern of shallow ground-water inflow and deep leakage was also evident
throughout the study period. The mean time of travel from ground-water that discharges
at Lake Five-O (time from recharge at the water table to discharge at the lake) was
estimated to be within a range of 3 to 6 years. Flow-path evaluations indicated that
the intermediate confining unit probably has a negligible influence on the geochemistry
of ground-water inflow to Lake Five-O. The hydrologic budgets and flow-path evaluations
provide critical information for developing geochemical budgets for Lake Five-O and for
improving the understanding of the relative importance of various processes that regulate
the acid-neutralizing capacity of softwater seepage lakes in Florida.
U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey
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