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| Bismuth is mainly a byproduct of lead ore processing. It has a metallic luster and is silver-white with an iridescent tarnish. Among the heavy metals, it is the heaviest and the only non-toxic. Bismuth has been used in solders, a variety of other alloys, metallurgical additives, medications, and in atomic research. In the early 1990's, research began on the evaluation of bismuth as a nontoxic replacement for lead in such uses as ceramic glazes, fishing sinkers, food processing equipment, free-machining brasses for plumbing applications, lubricating greases, and shot for waterfowl hunting. Since 1997, the United States has been completely dependent on imports for its supply of primary bismuth. The average price for bismuth in 2000 was $3.50 per pound. |
Publications
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Annual Publications
- Bismuth
PDF Format:
| 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | - Appendixes
- Bismuth
PDF Format:
| 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
XLS Format:
| 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | - Archive
| 1932-1993 |
Quarterly Publications
- Bismuth
PDF Format:
2007: | First Quarter | Second Quarter | Third Quarter | Fourth Quarter |
2006: | Fourth Quarter |
XLS Format:
2007: | First Quarter | Second Quarter | Third Quarter | Fourth Quarter |
2006: | Fourth Quarter |
Special Publications
- Historical Statistics for Mineral and Material Commodities in the United States
Data Series 140 - Metal Prices in the United States through 1998
- Bismuth (PDF)
Contact
- USGS Mineral Commodity Specialist
James F. Carlin, Jr.
Phone: 703-648-4985
Fax: 703-648-7757
Email: jcarlin@usgs.gov
