Unsaturated Zone

Contaminant transport and fate in the unsaturated zone

Abraham, J.D., and Lucius, J.E., 2004,

Direct current resistivity profiling to study distribution of water in the unsaturated zone near the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1319, 16 p.

Adams, C.D., Randtke, S.J., Thurman, E.M., and Hulsey, R.A., 1990,

Atrazine and its degradation products in soil and ground water, and the effectiveness of water-treatment processes for their removal, in University of Kansas Environmental 40th Annual Conference, Proceedings, Lawrence, Kan., February 7, 1990: p. 1-24.

Adams, C.D., and Thurman, E.M., 1991,

Formation and transport of deethylatrazine in the soil and vadose zone: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 30, p. 540-547.

Aga, D.S., and Thurman, E.M., 2001,

Formation and transport of the sulfonic acid metabolites of alachlor and metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 12, p. 2455-2460, doi:10.1021/es991264s.

Aga, D.S., Thurman, E.M., Yockel, M.E., Zimmerman, L.R., and Williams, T.D., 1996,

Identification of a new sulfonic acid metabolite of metolachlor in soil: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 30, no. 2, p. 592-597, doi:10.1021/es9503600.

Aiken, G., and Cotsaris, E., 1995,

Soil and hydrology--Their effect on natural organic matter: Journal of the American Water Works Association, v. 87, p. 36-45.

Alberts, E.E., Prato, T., Kitchen, N.K., and Blevins, D.W., 1993,

Research and education to improve surface and ground water quality of a claypan soil, in Agricultural Research to Protect Water Quality--Proceedings of the Conference, Minneapolis, Minnesota, February 21-24, 1993: Ankeny, Iowa, Soil and Water Conservation Society, p. 21-38.

Amos, R.T., Mayer, K.U., Bekins, B.A., Delin, G.N., and Williams, R.L., 2005,

Use of dissolved and vapor-phase gases to investigate methanogenic degradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface: Water Resources Research, v. 41, no. 2, W02001, doi:10.1029/2004WR003433.

Anderson, D.E., 1999,

Solutions to questions (chapter 9), in Tindall, J.A., and Kunkel, J.R., eds., Instructor's Solution Manual for Unsaturated Zone Hydrology for Scientists and Engineers: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice Hall, p. 40-47.

Anderson, D.E., 1999,

Transport of heat and gas in soil and at the surface, in Tindall, J.A., and Kunkel, J.R., eds., Unsaturated Zone Hydrology for Scientists and Engineers (chapter 9): Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, p. 200-272.

Anderson, D.E., and Farrar, C.D., 2001,

Eddy covariance measurements of CO2 flux to the atmosphere from an area of high volcanogenic emissions - Mammoth Mountain, California: Chemical Geology, v. 177, p. 31-42, doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(00)00380-6.

Anderson, D.E., Miller, D.R., Wang, Y.S., Yendol, W.G., and Mierzejewski, K., 1992,

Deposition of aerially applied BT in an oak forest and its prediction with the FSCBG model: Journal of Applied Meteorology, v. 31, p. 1457-1466.

Anderson, D.E., Stannard, D.I., Striegl, R.G., and McConnaughey, T.A., 1997,

The exchanges of carbon dioxide and water vapor between Williams Lake and the atmosphere, in Winter, T.C., and Averett, R.C., eds., Interdisciplinary Research Initiative--Hydrological and biogeochemical research in the Shingobee River headwaters area, north-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4215, p. 31-40.

Anderson, D.E., Striegl, R.G., Stannard, D.I., Michmerhuizen, C.M., McConnaughey, T.A., and LaBaugh, J.W., 1999,

Estimating lake-atmosphere CO2 exchange: Limnology and Oceanography, v. 44, no. 4, p. 988-1001.

Andraski, B.J., 1997,

Soil-water movement under natural-site and waste-site conditions--A multiple-year field study in the Mojave Desert, Nevada: Water Resources Research, v. 33, no. 9, p. 1901-1916, 97WR01502, doi:10.1029/97WR01502.

Andraski, B.J., 1997,

Test-trench studies in the Amargosa Desert, southern Nevada--Results and application of information to landfill covers in arid environments, in Reynolds, T.D., and Morris, R.C., eds., Landfill capping in the semi-arid west--Problems, perspectives, and solutions, May 21-22, 1997, Jackson Lake Lodge, Wyo., Conference Proceedings: Idaho Falls, Idaho: Environmental Science and Research Foundation, ESRF-019, p. 165-179.

Andraski, B.J., 1996,

Properties and variability of soil and trench fill at an arid waste-burial site: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 60, no. 1, p. 54-66.

Andraski, B.J., 1996,

Simulated trench studies near Beatty, Nevada-Initial results and implications, in Stevens, P.R., and Nicholson, T.J., eds., Joint U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia, Proceedings: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4015, p. 111-118.

Andraski, B.J., 1992,

Water movement through soil at a low-level radioactive-waste site in the Amargosa Desert: U.S. Geological Survey Yearbook, Fiscal Year 1991, 73-75 p.

Andraski, B.J., 1991,

Balloon and core sampling for determining bulk density of an alluvial desert soil: Soil Science Society of America Journal, v. 55, no. 4, p. 1188-1190.

Andraski, B.J., 1990,

Water movement and trench stability at a simulated arid burial site for low-level radioactive waste near Beatty, Nevada, in Nuclear Waste Isolation in the Unsaturated Zone, Proceedings, Las Vegas, Nevada, September, 1989: La Grange Park, Ill., American Nuclear Society, p. 166-173.

Andraski, B.J., Fischer, J.M., and Prudic, D.E., 1991,

Beatty, Nevada, in Trask, N.J., and Stevens, P.R., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Research in radioactive waste disposal--Fiscal years 1986-90: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4084, p. 34-40.

Andraski, B.J., Halford, K.J., and Michel, R.L., 2004,

Plume-scale testing of a simplified method for detecting tritium contamination in plants and soil, in Workshop on Long-term Performance Monitoring of Metals and Radionuclides in the Subsurface, Reston, Virginia, April 21-22, 2004: Florida State University, Tallahassee.

Andraski, B.J., and Jacobson, E.A., 2000,

Testing a full-range soil-water retention function in modeling water potential and temperature: Water Resources Research, v. 36, no. 10, p. 3081-3089, 2000WR900193, doi:10.1029/2000WR900193.

Andraski, B.J., and Prudic, D.E., 1997,

Soil, plant, and structural considerations for surface barriers in arid environments--Application of results from studies in the Mojave Desert near Beatty, Nevada, in Barrier Technologies for Environmental Management, Summary of a workshop: Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, p. 68-78.

Andraski, B.J., Prudic, D.E., and Nichols, W.D., 1995,

Waste burial in arid environments--Application of information from a field laboratory in the Mojave Desert, southern Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-179-95, 4 p.

Andraski, B.J., Sandstrom, M.W., Michel, R.L., Radyk, J.C., Stonestrom, D.A., Johnson, M.J., and Mayers, C.J., 2003,

Simplified method for detecting tritium contamination in plants and soil: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 32, no. 3, p. 988-995.

Andraski, B.J., and Scanlon, B.R., 2002,

Thermocouple psychrometry, in Dane, J.H., and Topp, G.C., eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods: Madison, Wisconsin, Soil Science Society of America, p. 609-642.

Andraski, B.J., and Stonestrom, D.A., 1999,

Overview of research on water, gas, and radionuclide transport at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Buxton, H.T., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Charleston, South Carolina, March 8-12, 1999--Volume 3 of 3--Subsurface Contamination from Point Sources: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4018C, p. 459-465.

Andraski, B.J., and Stonestrom, D.A., 1998,

Hydrogeologic studies at the USGS Amargosa Desert Research Site, in Taylor, E.M., ed., Quaternary geology of the Yucca Mountain area, southern Nevada, Annual Meeting, Friends of the Pleistocene, Pacific Cell, October 1998, Field Trip Guide: Friends of the Pleistocene, p. 210-216.

Andraski, B.J., Stonestrom, D.A., Michel, R.L., Halford, K.J., and Radyk, J.C., 2005,

Plant-based plume-scale mapping of tritium contamination in desert soils: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 4, p. 819-827, doi:10.2136/vzj2005.0052.

Baehr, A.L., 1987,

Selective transport of hydrocarbons in the unsaturated zone due to aqueous and vapor phase partitioning: Water Resources Research, v. 23, no. 10, p. 1926-1938.

Baehr, A.L., and Baker, R.J., 1995,

Use of a reactive gas transport model to determine rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in unsaturated porous media: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 11, p. 2877-2882, 95WR02077, doi:10.1029/95WR02077.

Baehr, A.L., Baker, R.J., and Lahvis, M.A., 1997,

Transport of MTBE across the water table to the unsaturated zone at a gasoline-spill site in Beaufort, S.C., in 213th American Chemical Society National Meeting, Proceedings, San Francisco, California, April 13-17, 1997: Washington, D.C., American Chemical Society, p. 417-418.

Baehr, A.L., and Bruell, C.J., 1990,

Application of the Stefan-Maxwell equations to determine limitations of Fick's Law when modeling organic vapor transport in sand columns: Water Resources Research, v. 26, no. 6, p. 1155-1163, doi:10.1029/WR026i006p01155.

Baehr, A.L., Charles, E.G., and Baker, R.J., 2001,

Methyl tert-butyl ether degradation in the unsaturated zone and the relation between MTBE in the atmosphere and shallow groundwater: Water Resources Research, v. 37, no. 2, p. 223-233, 2000WR900292, doi:10.1029/2000WR900292.

Baehr, A.L., Fischer, J.M., Lahvis, M.A., Baker, R.J., and Smith, N.P., 1991,

Method for estimating rates of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons based on gas transport in the unsaturated zone at a gasoline-spill site in Galloway Township, New Jersey, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 250-255.

Baehr, A.L., Hoag, G.E., and Marley, M.C., 1989,

Removing volatile contaminants from the unsaturated zone by inducing advective air-phase transport: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 4, p. 1-26.

Baehr, A.L., and Hult, M.F., 1991,

Evaluation of unsaturated zone air permeability through pneumatic tests: Water Resources Research, v. 27, no. 10, p. 2605-2617, 91WR01655, doi:10.1029/91WR01655.

Baehr, A.L., and Hult, M.F., 1989,

Determination of the air-phase permeability tensor of an unsaturated zone at the Bemidji, Minnesota, research site, in Mallard, G.E., and Ragone, S.E., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Phoenix, Arizona, September 26-30, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4220, p. 55-62.

Baehr, A.L., and Hult, M.F., 1987,

Mathematical modeling of hydrocarbon and oxygen transport coupled with microbial degradation in the unsaturated zone, in Franks, B.J., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Program on Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination--Proceedings of the third technical meeting, Pensacola, Florida, March 23-27, 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-109, p. C-27-C-28.

Baehr, A.L., and Joss, C.J., 1995,

An updated model of induced airflow in the unsaturated zone: Water Resources Research, v. 31, no. 2, p. 417-421, 94WR02423, doi:10.1029/94WR02423.

Baehr, A.L., Kauffman, L.J., Perkins, K., and Nolan, B.T., 2003,

Estimating spatial variability of recharge in southern New Jersey from unsaturated-zone measurements: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 02-4288, 31 p.

Baehr, A.L., Stackelberg, P.E., and Baker, R.J., 1999,

Evaluation of the atmosphere as a source of volatile organic compounds in shallow groundwater: Water Resources Research, v. 35, no. 1, p. 127-136, 1998WR900030, doi:10.1029/1998WR900030.

Baker, R.J., 1993,

A laboratory method for quantifying the rate of microbial degradation of hydrocarbons in unsaturated porous media: Philadelphia, Pa., Drexel University, Environmental Studies Institute, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 235 p.

Baker, R.J., Baehr, A.L., and Lahvis, M.A., 2000,

Estimation of hydrocarbon biodegradation rates in gasoline-contaminated sediment from measured respiration rates: Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, v. 41, no. 1-2, p. 175-192, doi:10.1016/S0169-7722(99)00063-7.

Baker, R.J., Best, E.W., and Baehr, A.L., 2002,

Used motor oil as a source of MTBE, TAME, and BTEX to ground water: Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation, v. 22, no. 4, p. 46-51.

Baker, R.J., Fischer, J.M., Smith, N.P., Koehnlein, S.A., and Baehr, A.L., 1991,

Gas-chromatographic methods for determining the composition of the vapor phase in gasoline-contaminated soils, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 280-286.

Bartolino, J., and Niswonger, R., 1999,

Temperature profiles of the aquifer system underlying the Rio Grande, New Mexico, in Bartolino, J.R., ed., U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande Basin study; Proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-203, p. 66-67.

Bartolino, J.R., and Niswonger, R., 1999,

Numerical simulation of vertical ground-water flux of the Rio Grande from ground-water temperature profiles, Central New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4212, 34 p.

Bazuhair, A.S., and Wood, W.W., 1996,

Chloride mass-balance method for estimating ground-water recharge in arid areas--Examples from western Saudi Arabia: Journal of Hydrology, v. 186, p. 153-159, doi:10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03028-4.

Bedinger, M.S., 1989,

Geohydrologic aspects for siting and design of low-level radioactive-waste disposal: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1034, 36 p.

Bennett, J.L., Updegraff, D.M., Pereira, W.E., and Rostad, C.E., 1986,

Microbial transformations of quinoline in soil at a hazardous-waste site near Pensacola, Florida, in Mattraw, H.C., Jr., and Franks, B.J., eds., Movement and fate of creosote waste in groundwater, Pensacola, Florida--U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Waste--Ground-Water Contamination Program: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2285, chap. D, p. 27-31.

Bisdorf, R.J., 2002,

Schlumberger soundings at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-0140.

Bitton, G., and Harvey, R.W., 1992,

Transport of pathogens through soils and aquifers, in Mitchell, R., ed., Environmental Microbiology: New York, Wiley-Liss, p. 103-124.

Blevins, D.W., 1991,

Planned studies of movement of nitrogen species and herbicides on claypan soils at the Management Systems Evaluation Area, Missouri, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 240-242.

Blevins, D.W., Wilkison, D.H., Kelly, B.P., and Silva, S.R., 1996,

Movement of nitrate fertilizer to glacial till and runoff from a claypan soil: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 25, no. 3, p. 582-593.

Bosch, D.D., Leonard, R.A., and Hubbard, R.K., 1996,

Unsaturated zone transport at the Plains, Georgia field site, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 965-969.

Bradley, P.M., Chapelle, F.H., Landmeyer, J.E., and Schumacher, J.G., 1994,

Microbial transformation of nitroaromatics in surface soils and aquifer materials: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v. 60, no. 6, p. 2170-2175.

Brantley, S.L., Liermann, L., and Bullen, T.D., 2001,

Fractionation of Fe isotopes by soil microbes and organic acids: Geology, v. 29, no. 6, p. 535-538, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0535:FOFIBS>2.0.CO;2.

Broerman, J., Basset, R.L., Weeks, E.P., and Borgstrom, M., 1997,

Estimation of Al, velocity, Kd, and confidence limits from tracer injection data: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1066-1067.

Brooks, P.D., McKnight, D.M., and Bencala, K.E., 1999,

The relationship between soil heterotrophic activity, soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) leachate, and catchment-scale DOC export in headwater catchments: Water Resources Research, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1895-1902, 1998WR900125, doi:10.1029/1998WR900125.

Brown, R.G., and Nichols, W.D., 1990,

Selected meteorological data for an arid climate over bare soil near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, November 1977 through May 1980: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 90-195, 48 p.

Bruell, C.J., Gilbert, C.D., and Baehr, A.L., 1991,

Non-Fickian vapor transport in sand columns contaminated with volatile organic compounds, in Mallard, G.E., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Monterey, California, March 11-15, 1991: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4034, p. 294-300.

Burkart, M.R., Kolpin, D.W., Jaquis, R.J., and Cole, K.J., 1999,

Agrichemicals in ground water of the Midwestern USA--Relations to soil characteristics: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1908-1915.

Burow, K.R., Constantz, J., and Fujii, R., 2005,

Heat as a tracer to estimate dissolved organic carbon flux from a restored wetland: Ground Water, v. 43, no. 4, p. 545-556, doi:10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.0055.x.

Caputo, M.C., and Nimmo, J.R., 2005,

Quasi-steady centrifuge method for unsaturated hydraulic properties: Water Resources Research, v. 41, W11504, doi:10.1029/2005WR003957.

Chapelle, F.H., and Bradley, P.M., 1996,

Microbial degradation of nitrotoluenes in surface soils and aquifer sediments, Weldon Spring, Missouri, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 2, p. 889-894.

Charlton, S.R., and Parkhurst, D.L., 2002,

PHREEQCI--A graphical user interface to the geochemical model PHREEQC: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 031-02, 2 p.

Chattopadhyay, S., and Puls, R.W., 2000,

Forces dictating colloidal interactions between viruses and soil: Chemosphere, v. 41, no. 8, p. 13-20.

Chattopadhyay, S., and Puls, R.W., 1999,

Fate of pathogenic microorganisms in soil, in Alleman, B.C., and Leeson, A., eds., Phytoremediation and Innovative Strategies for Specialized Remedial Applications--Proceedings of the Fifth International In-Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium, San Diego, Calif., April 19--22, 1999: Columbus, Ohio, Battelle Press, p. 163-168, ISBN:1-57477-079-9 (Contact The Conference Group Inc. for information on the availability of the proceedings.).

Chin, U.P., Weber, W.J., Jr., and Chiou, C.T., 1991,

A thermodynamic partition model for binding of nonionic organic compounds by organic colloids and implications for their sorption to soils and sediment, in Baker, R.A., ed., Humics and soils, v. 1 of Organic substances and sediments in water: Chelsea, Mich., Lewis Publishers, p. 251-273.

Chiou, C.T., 1998,

Soil sorption of organic pollutants and pesticides, in Meyers, R.A., ed., Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation: New York, John Wiley, p. 4517-4554.

Chiou, C.T., 1995,

Comment on "Thermodynamics of organic chemical partition in soils": Environmental Science and Technology, v. 29, no. 5, p. 1421-1422, doi:10.1021/es00005a040.

Chiou, C.T., 1990,

Roles of organic matter, minerals, and moisture in sorption of nonionic compounds and pesticides by soil, in MacCarthy, P., Clapp, C.E., Malcolm, R.L., and Bloom, P.R., eds., Humic substances in soil and crop sciences--Selected readings: Madison, Wisc., American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, p. 111-160.

Chiou, C.T., 1989,

Partition and adsorption on soil and mobility of organic pollutants and pesticides, in Gerstl, Z., Chen, Y., Mingelgrin, U., and Yaron, B., eds., Toxic organic chemicals in porous media: Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 163-175.

Chiou, C.T., 1989,

Theoretical considerations of the partition uptake of nonionic organic compounds by soil organic matter, in Sawhney, B.J., and Brown, K., eds., Reactions and movement of organic chemicals in soils: Madison, Wisc., Soil Science Society of America, p. 1-29.

Chiou, C.T., 1987,

Capacities and mechanisms of sorption of organic compounds by water-saturated and unsaturated soils, in Ragone, S.E., and Sulam, D.J., eds., Program overview and selected papers from the Toxic-Waste Program technical meeting--Tucson, Arizona, March 20-22, 1984: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 86-324, p. 65-74.

Chiou, C.T., and Kile, D.E., 2000,

Contaminant sorption by soil and bed sediment--Is there a difference?: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 087-00, 4 p.

Chiou, C.T., and Kile, D.E., 1998,

Deviations from sorption linearity on soils of polar and nonpolar organic compounds at low relative concentrations: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 3, p. 338-343, doi:10.1021/es970608g.

Chiou, C.T., and Kile, D.E., 1994,

Effects of polar and nonpolar groups on the solubility of organic compounds in soil organic matter: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 28, no. 6, p. 1139-1144, doi:10.1021/es00055a026.

Chiou, C.T., Kile, D.E., and Malcolm, R.L., 1988,

Sorption of vapors of some organic liquids by soil humic acid and its relation of partitioning of organic compounds in soil organic matter: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 22, no. 3, p. 298-303, doi:10.1021/es00168a010.

Chiou, C.T., Kile, D.E., Rutherford, D.W., Sheng, G., and Boyd, S.A., 2000,

Sorption of selected organic compounds from water to a peat soil and its humic-acid and humin fractions: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 34, no. 7, p. 1254-1258, doi:10.1021/es990261c.

Chiou, C.T., Lee, J.F., and Boyd, S.A., 1992,

Reply to comment on "The surface area of soil organic matter": Environmental Science and Technology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 404-406, doi:10.1021/es00026a028.

Chiou, C.T., Lee, J.F., and Boyd, S.A., 1990,

The surface area of soil organic matter: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 25, no. 6, p. 1164-1166, doi:10.1021/es00078a002.

Chiou, C.T., McGroddy, S.E., and Kile, D.E., 1998,

Partition characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on soils and sediments: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 32, no. 2, p. 264-269, doi:10.1021/es970614c.

Chiou, C.T., Porter, P.E., and Schmedding, D.W., 1983,

Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil organic matter and water: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 17, no. 4, p. 227-231, doi:10.1021/es00110a009.

Chiou, C.T., Porter, P.E., and Shoup, T.D., 1984,

Reply to, MacIntyer, W.G., and Smith, C.L., Comment on "Partition equilibria of nonionic organic compounds between soil organic matter and water": Environmental Science and Technology, v. 18, no. 4, p. 295-297, doi:10.1021/es00122a018.

Chiou, C.T., Rutherford, D., and Manes, M., 1993,

Sorption of nitrogen and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether (EGME) vapors on some soils, clays, and mineral oxides and determination of sample surface areas by use of sorption data: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 27, no. 8, p. 1587-1594, doi:10.1021/es00045a014.

Chiou, C.T., and Rutherford, D.W., 1996,

Determination of surface area of soil components by sorption of nitrogen and ethylene glycol monoethyl ether vapors and evaluation of adsorption, partition and cation solvation processes, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 375-380.

Chiou, C.T., Sheng, G., and Manes, M., 2001,

A partition-limited model for the plant uptake of organic contaminants from soil and water: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 35, no. 7, p. 1437-1444, doi:10.1021/es0017561.

Chiou, C.T., and Shoup, T.D., 1985,

Soil sorption of organic vapors and effects of humidity on sorptive mechanism and capacity: Environmental Science and Technology, v. 19, no. 12, p. 1196-1200, doi:10.1021/es00142a010.

Chiou, C.T., Shoup, T.D., and Porter, P.E., 1985,

Mechanistic roles of soil humus and minerals in the sorption of nonionic organic compounds from aqueous and organic solutions: Organic Geochemistry, v. 8, p. 9-14.

Cho, H.J., Jaffé, P.R., and Smith, J.A., 1993,

Simulating the volatilization of solvents in unsaturated soils during laboratory and field infiltration experiments: Water Resources Research, v. 29, no. 10, p. 3329-3342, 93WR01414, doi:10.1029/93WR01414.

Cho, H.J., Jaffe, P.R., and Smith, J.A., 1991,

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Chapter B. Bowen-ratio measurements at sites C and F, in Wilson, D.H., Reginato, R.J., and Hollett, K.J., eds., Evapotranspiration measurements of native vegetation, Owens Valley, California, June 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 91-4159, p. 19-24.

Stannard, D.I., 1992,

Tensiometers--Theory, construction, and use: Geotechnical Testing Journal, v. 15, no. 1, p. 48-58.

Stannard, D.I., Anderson, D.E., and Rosenberry, D.O., 1997,

Problems in comparing short-term eddy-correlation and energy-budget measurements of evaporation from Williams Lake, in Winter, T.C., ed., Hydrological and biogeochemical research in the Shingobee River Headwaters Area, north-central Minnesota: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4215, p. 41-46.

Stannard, D.I., Blanford, J.H., Kustas, W.P., Nichols, W.D., Amer, S.A., Schmugge, T.J., and Weltz, M.A., 1994,

Interpretation of surface flux measurements in heterogeneous terrain during the Monsoon experiment: Water Resources Research, v. 30, no. 5, p. 1227-1239.

Stannard, D.I., Kustas, W.P., Allwine, K.J., and Anderson, D.E., 1993,

Chapter V., Micrometeorological data collection, in Jackson, T.J., and Schiebe, F.R., eds., Hydrology Data Report--Washita '92: Agricultural Research Service National Agricultural Water Quality Laboratory Report 93-1, p. V1-V11.

Stannard, D.I., Rosenberry, D.O., Winter, T.C., and Parkhurst, R.S., 2004,

Estimates of fetch-induced errors in Bowen-ratio energy-budget measurements of evapotranspiration from a prairie wetland, Cottonwood Lake area, North Dakota, USA: Wetlands, v. 24, no. 3, p. 498-513.

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Measurements of evapotranspiration, surface energy fluxes, weather variables, and water-table depths in the closed basin of the San Luis Valley, Alamosa County, Colorado, 1985-88: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 93-639, 61 p.

Stannard, D.I., and Weltz, M.A., 2006,

Partitioning evapotranspiration in sparsely vegetated rangeland using a portable chamber: Water Resources Research, v. 42, W02413, doi:10.1029/2005WR004251.

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Effects of coal-bed methane discharge waters on the vegetation and soil ecosystem in Powder River basin, Wyoming: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 168, p. 33-57, doi:10.1007/s11270-005-0588-z.

Stevens, J.H., 1994,

Analysis and modeling of infiltration and solute transport experiments in unsaturated sand and gravel, Cape Cod, Massachusetts: Princeton, N.J., Princeton University, Department of Civil Engineering and Operations Research, unpublished M.S. thesis, 266 p.

Stewart, A.E., and Constantz, J., 2000,

Determination of streamflow patterns to estimate stream loss along Abo Arryo, New Mexico, in Cole, J.C., ed., U.S. Geological Survey Middle Rio Grande Basin Study--Proceedings of the Fourth Annual Workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 15-16, 2000: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-488, p. 35-37.

Stewart, A.E., and Constantz, J., 1999,

Developing a long-term water balance for Abo Arroyo, New Mexico, in Bartolino, J.R., ed., U.S. Geological Survey middle Rio Grande basin study; proceedings of the third annual workshop, Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 24-25, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-203, p. 73-74.

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Stonestrom, D.A., and Constantz, J., 2004,

Using temperature to study stream-ground water exchanges: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2004-3010, 4 p.

Stonestrom, D.A., Prudic, D.E., Laczniak, R.J., and Akstin, K.C., 2004,

Tectonic, climatic, and land-use controls on ground-water recharge in an arid alluvial basin--Amargosa Desert, U.S.A., in Hogan, J.F., Phillips, F.M., and Scanlon, B.R., eds., Groundwater recharge in a desert environment--The southwestern United States: Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, p. 29-47.

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Estimates of deep percolation beneath native vegetation, irrigated fields, and the Amargosa-River Channel, Amargosa Desert, Nye County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-104, 83 p.

Stonestrom, D.A., Prudic, D.E., and Striegl, R.G., 1999,

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Tritium in unsaturated zone gases and air at the Amargosa Desert Research Site, and in spring and river water, near Beatty, Nevada, May 1997: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-778, 13 p.

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Factors affecting tritium and 14carbon distributions in the unsaturated zone near the low-level radioactive-waste burial site south of Beatty, Nevada: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-110, 16 p.

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Atrazine transport through preferential pathways at the Missouri MSEA, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 607-611.

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Part 2--A field study of enhanced remediation of toluene in the vadose zone using a nutrient solution: Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, v. 168, no. 1-4, p. 359-389, doi:10.1007/s11270-005-3584-4.

Tisdale, A.K., 1995,

Quantification of vapor phase fluxes of trichloroethene in the unsaturated zone at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey: Charlottesville, University of Virginia, Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Science, M.S. thesis, 59 p.

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SUTRA, A finite-element simulation model for saturated-unsaturated, fluid-density-dependent ground-water flow with energy transport or chemically-reactive single-species solute transport: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 84-4369, 409 p.

Walton-Day, K., Healy, R.W., Maestas, F.B., and Ranalli, A.J., 2000,

Effects of remediation on geochemistry and hydrology of the unsaturated zone of fluvial tailings deposits in the floodplain of the upper Arkansas River, Colorado, in Proceedings from the Fifth International Conference on Acid Rock Drainage, Denver, Colorado, May 21-24, 2000: Littleton, Colo., Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, p. 1443-1450.

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Effects of fluvial tailings deposits on soils and surface- and ground-water quality, and implications for remediation--Upper Arkansas River, Colorado, 1992-1996: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 99-4273, 100 p.

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Identifying areas of basin-floor recharge in the Trans-Pecos region and the link to vegetation: Journal of Hydrology, v. 292, no. 1-4, p. 59-74, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2003.12.029.

Walvoord, M.A., Phillips, F.M., Stonestrom, D.A., Evans, R.D., Hartsough, P.C., Newman, B.D., and Striegl, R.G., 2004,

Response to comment on "A reservoir of nitrate beneath desert soils": Science, v. 304, p. 51, doi:10.1126/science.1095033.

Walvoord, M.A., Phillips, F.M., Stonestrom, D.A., Evans, R.D., Hartsough, P.C., Newman, B.D., and Striegl, R.G., 2003,

A reservoir of nitrate beneath desert soils: Science, v. 302, no. 5647, p. 1021-1024, doi:10.1126/science.1086435.

Walvoord, M.A., Phillips, F.M., Tyler, S.W., and Hartsough, P.C., 2002,

Deep arid system hydrodynamics--2, Application to paleohydrologic reconstruction using vadose zone profiles from the northern Mojave Desert: Water Resources Research, v. 38, no. 12, p. 27-1 to 27-12, 2001WR000825, doi:10.1029/2001WR000825.

Walvoord, M.A., Plummer, M.A., Phillips, F.M., and Wolfsberg, A.V., 2002,

Deep arid system hydrodynamics--1, Equilibrium states and response times in thick desert vadose zones: Water Resources Research, v. 38, no. 12, p. 44-1 to 44-15, 2001WR000824, doi:10.1029/2001WR000824.

Walvoord, M.A., and Scanlon, B.R., 2004,

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Walvoord, M.A., Stonestrom, D.A., Andraski, B.J., and Striegl, R.G., 2004,

Constraining the inferred paleohydrologic evolution of a deep unsaturated zone in the Amargosa Desert: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 3, p. 502-512.

Walvoord, M.A., Striegl, R.G., Prudic, D.E., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2005,

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Wang, Y.S., Miller, D.R., Anderson, D.E., Cionco, R., and Lin, J.D., 1992,

A spatial length scale analysis of turbulent temperature and velocity fluctuations within and above an orchard canopy: Boundary-Layer Meteorology, v. 59, p. 125-139, doi:10.1007/BF00120690.

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A lagrangian stochastic model for aerial spray transport above an oak forest: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, v. 76, no. 3-4, p. 277-291, doi:10.1016/0168-1923(95)02221-I.

Weeks, E.P., 1996,

Problems of field identification of preferential flow through fractured media, in Stevens, P.R., and Nicholson, J.J., eds., Joint U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission workshop on research related to low-level radioactive waste disposal, May 4-6, 1993, National Center, Reston, Virginia; Proceedings: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 95-4015, p. 96-102.

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Welty, C., Joss, C.J., and Baehr, A.L., 1996,

Optimizing the design of vapor-extraction remediation systems for removal of organic contaminants from the unsaturated zone, in Morganwalp, D.W., and Aronson, D.A., eds., U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program--Proceedings of the technical meeting, Colorado Springs, Colorado, September 20-24, 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 94-4015, v. 1, p. 55-59.

Wershaw, R.L., Aiken, G.R., Imbrigiotta, T.E., and Goldberg, M.C., 1994,

Displacement of soil pore water by trichloroethylene: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 23, no. 4, p. 792-798.

White, A.F., Schulz, M.S., Vivit, D.V., Blum, A.E., and Stonestrom, D.A., 2006,

Controls on pore water solutes--An approach for distinguishing between biogenic and lithogenic processes: Journal of Geochemical Exploration, v. 88, no. 1-3, p. 363-366, doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.08.076.

White, A.F., Schulz, M.S., Vivit, D.V., Blum, A.E., Stonestrom, D.A., and Harden, J., 2005,

Chemical weathering rates of a soil chronosequence on granitic alluvium--III. Hydrochemical evolution and contemporary solute fluxes: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 69, no. 8, p. 1975-1996, doi:doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.10.003.

Wilkison, D.H., and Blevins, D.W., 1999,

Observations on preferential flow and horizontal transport of nitrogen fertilizer in the unsaturated zone: Journal of Environmental Quality, v. 28, no. 5, p. 1568-1580.

Wilkison, D.H., Blevins, D.W., Kelly, B.P., and Wallace, W.C., 1994,

Hydrology and water quality in claypan soil and glacial till at the Missouri Manangement Systems Evaluation Area near Centralia, Mo.--May 1991 to September 1993: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-705-W, 65 p.

Wilkison, D.H., Blevins, D.W., and Silva, S.R., 2000,

Use of isotopically labeled fertilizer to trace nitrogen fertilizer contributions to surface, soil, and ground water: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, v. 8, no. 6, p. 1-16 (Abstract).

Winfield, K.A., 2005,

Development of property-transfer models for estimating the hydraulic properties of deep sediments at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idahy: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5114, 59 p.

Winfield, K.A., 2003,

Spatial variability of sedimentary interbed properties near the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4142, 36 p.

Winfield, K.A., and Nimmo, J.R., 2002,

Controlled liquid-volume [water retention and storage], in Dane, J.H., and Topp, G.C., eds., Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 4, Physical Methods: Madison, Wisconsin, Soil Science Society of America, p. 698-703, 717-720.

Winfield, K.A., Nimmo, J.R., Izbicki, J.A., and Martin, P.M., 2006,

Resolving structural influences on water-retention properties of alluvial deposits: Vadose Zone Journal, v. 5, p. 706-719, doi:10.2136/vzj2005.0088.

Wood, J.L., 1996,

Selected meteorological and micrometeorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar year 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-434, 33 p.

Wood, J.L., and Andraski, B.J., 1995,

Selected meteorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar years 1990-91: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-489, 49 p.

Wood, J.L., and Andraski, B.J., 1992,

Selected meteorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar year 1989: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-484, 27 p.

Wood, J.L., and Fischer, J.M., 1992,

Selected meteorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar year 1987: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-59, 27 p.

Wood, J.L., and Fischer, J.M., 1991,

Selected meteorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar year 1986: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 91-189, 27 p.

Wood, J.L., Hill, K.J., and Andraski, B.J., 1992,

Selected meteorological data for an arid site near Beatty, Nye County, Nevada, calendar year 1988: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-61, 27 p.

Wood, W., 1999,

Comment on "Field study of spatial variability in unsaturated flow beneath and adjacent to playas" by Bridget R. Scanlon and Richard S. Goldsmith: Water Resources Research, v. 35, no. 2, p. 601-601, 1998WR900072, doi:10.1029/1998WR900072.

Wood, W.W., 2000,

Ground-water recharge in the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 127-99.

Wood, W.W., 1999,

Use and misuse of the chloride-mas balance method in estimating ground water recharge: Ground Water, v. 37, no. 1, p. 2-3.

Wood, W.W., 1985,

Origin of caves and other solution openings in the unsaturated (vadose) zone of carbonate rocks--A model for C02 generation: Geology, v. 13, p. 822-824.

Wood, W.W., and Petraitis, M.J., 1984,

Origin and distribution of carbon dioxide in the unsaturated zone of the Southern High Plains of Texas: Water Resources Research, v. 20, no. 9, p. 1193-1208, 4W0757, doi:10.1029/WR020i009p01193.

Wood, W.W., Rainwater, K.A., and Thompson, D.B., 1997,

Quantifying macropore recharge--Examples from a semi-arid area: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 6, p. 1097-1106.

Wood, W.W., and Sanford, W.E., 1995,

Chemical and isotopic methods for quantifying ground-water recharge in a regional, semi-arid environment: Ground Water, v. 33, no. 3, p. 458-468.

Worrall, F., and Kolpin, D.W., 2004,

Aquifer vulnerability to pesticide pollution - combining soil, land-use and aquifer properties with molecular descriptors: Journal of Hydrology, v. 293, no. 1-4, p. 191-204, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.01.013.

Yi, C., Monson, R.K., Zhai, Z., Anderson, D.E., Lamb, B., Allwine, G., Turnipseed, A.A., and Burns, S.P., 2005,

Modeling and measuring the nocturnal drainage flow in a high-elevation, subalpine forest with complex terrain: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 110, D22303, doi:10.1029/2005JD006282.

Zielinski, R.A., Rice, C.A., and Otton, J.K., 2003,

Use of soil extracts to define the extent of brine-impacted soils and bedrock at oil production site "B", Osage-Skiatook Project, northeastern Oklahoma, in Sublette, K., ed., 9th International Petroleum Environmental Conference Special Session--Fate and Transport of Brine and Hydrocarbon Releases in Soils and Water, Northeast Oklahoma, Albuquerque, New Mexico, October 22-25, 2002: IPEC, p. 12 pages.

Zielinski, R.A., Rice, C.A., and Otton, J.K., 2003,

Use of soil extracts to define the extent of brine-impacted soils and bedrock at the Osage-Skiatook petroleum environmental research "B" site, northeastern Oklahoma, in Kharaka, Y.K., and Otton, J.K., eds., Environmental Impacts of Petroleum Production--Initial Results from the Osage-Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research Sites, Osage County, Oklahoma: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 03-4260, p. 127-135.

There are 446 publications in this section of the bibliography. The above list is sorted by author. The Toxics Bibliographic Data Base was last updated on 5/15/08.

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More Information

• Waste Disposal and Contaminant Migration in the Arid Southwest, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada
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