Chemical Sampling Information
	Dimethyl sulfoxide
Quick Links General Description Health Factors Monitoring Search    [use word(s)/phrase] Table of Contents By Name A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z By CAS Number General Description Synonyms: DMSO; Deltan; Methyl sulfoxide; Demeso; Demasorb; DMS-90; DMS-70 OSHA IMIS Code Number: D139 Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 67-68-5 NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: PV6210000 Chemical Description and Physical Properties: colorless hygroscopic liquid molecular formula: C2H6OS molecular weight: 78.1 boiling point: 189°C flash point: 87°C closed cup, 95°C open cup melting point: 18.5°C vapor pressure: 0.049 kPa at 20°C Potentially hazardous incompatibilities: reacts violently with strong oxidants such as perchlorates Health Factors Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes and skin; headache; nausea; blurred vision; dry skin; INGES. ACUTE: Nausea, vomiting; drowsiness; SKIN ABS. Health Effects: Irritation-Eyes---Marked (HE14); Irritation-Skin---Mild (HE16); Narcosis (8). Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system Notes: OSHA does not have a PEL for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Vapor/air mixtures of DMSO may be explosive at temperatures above 87°C. DMSO is listed by the FDA as a substance that is permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a residual solvent at not more than 2 ppm in sucrose fatty acid esters (21 CFR 172.859). It also is approved by the FDA for the intravesical treatment of interstitial cystitis (painful bladder syndrome). The 24-hr urinary excretion of DMSO and its metabolites, dimethylsulfone and dimethylsulfide, averaged 44%, 4.0% and 3.5%, respectively, in patients receiving intravenous infusions of stem cells that had been cryopreserved in 10% DMSO. Dimethylsulfide production from sewage contaminated with DMSO was reported to be responsible for a “rotten cabbage” odor that plagued a Philadelphia neighborhood near a sewage treatment plant. The estimated half-life of DMSO in serum from two volunteers given radiolabled DMSO (1 g/kg) dermally (n=2) or orally (n=6) was 11-14 hours and 20 hours, respectively. The corresponding half-lives in serum of dimethylsulfone were 60-70 hours and 72 hours, respectively. In vitro, 0.1, 1 and 2% dimethyl sulfoxide caused a concentration-related inhibition of the activities of cytochrome P-450s in human hepatocytes (in order of decreasing inhibition): 2E1 > 2C19 > 2C9 > 3A4. Date Last Revised: 03/14/2007 Literature Basis: International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Dimethylsulphoxide. Easterbrook, J., Lu, C., Sakai, Y. and Li, A.P.: Effects of organic solvents on the activities of cytochrome P450 isoforms, UDP-dependent glucuronyl transferase, and phenol sulfotransferase in human hepatocytes. Drug. Metab. Dispos. 29(2): 141-144, 2001. Egorin, M.J., Rosen, D.M., Sridhara, R., Sensenbrenner, L. and Cottler-Fox, M.: Plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetics of dimethylsulfoxide and its metabolites in patients undergoing peripheral-blood stem-cell transplants. J. Clin. Oncol. 16(2): 610-615, 1998. Glindemann, D., Novak, J. and Witherspoon, J.: Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) waste residues and municipal waste water odor by dimethyl sulfide (DMS): the north-east WPCP plant of Philadelphia. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40(1): 202-207, 2006. Hucker, H.B., Miller, J.K., Hochberg, A., Brobyn, R.D., Riordan, F.H. and Calesnick, B.: Studies on the absorption, excretion and metabolism of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) in man. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 155(2): 309-317, 1967. Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Dimethyl Sulfoxide. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 942-943. Rossberger, J., Fall, M. and Peeker, R.: Critical appraisal of dimethyl sulfoxide treatment for interstitial cystitis: discomfort, side-effects and treatment outcome. Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol. 39(1): 73-77, 2005. Monitoring Methods used by OSHA Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method: sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections) analytical solvent: (95:5) Methylene Chloride:Methanol maximum volume: 10 Liters   maximum flow rate: 0.1 L/min current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FID method reference: OSHA SLTC In-House File method classification: Not Validated article: An in house study using both silica gel and Tenax GC adsorbent for collection of DMSO indicated that neither was acceptable. Desorption efficiency from silica gel was only 75% and the storage stability for Tenax GC was 79% after only three days. analytical condition: Column: 60 m X 0.32mm id Stabilwax 1 u film; Oven: 60°C for 5 min then 10°/min to 200°C; Inj: 200; Det: 250°C; Retention Time: DMSO 22.37 min All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.