 |
Chemical Sampling Information |
|
| Diesel Exhaust |
|
General Description
Synonyms: vary depending upon the specific diesel exhaust component.
OSHA IMIS Code Number: D130
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: HZ1755000
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Diesel Exhaust: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): Appendix A - NIOSH Potential Occupational Carcinogens
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2A, Probably carcinogenic to humans.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Likely to be carcinogenic to humans
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, nose, throat; chest tightness, wheezing, pulmonary function changes; headache, lightheadedness; heartburn, vomiting. [potential occupational carcinogen]
Health Effects: Irritation-Eyes---Mild (HE-16); Potential lung damage (HE-10); Suspected carcinogen (HE2)
Affected organs: Eyes, respiratory system
Notes:
- OSHA does not have a PEL for diesel exhaust, but it is designated as an OSHA Select Carcinogen.
- EPA's inhalation Reference Concentration, which estimates a safe daily exposure level during a lifetime is 5 µg/m3.
- Studies in animals have reported endocrine-disrupting activities of diesel exhaust, such as reduced estrogen receptor mRNA expression and decreased sperm production.
- It has been suggested that diesel exhaust particles may facilitate sensitization of allergic subjects to new allergens and also suppress alveolar macrophage function to decrease the clearance of bacteria from the lungs.
- Health effects of several individual components of diesel exhaust, such as acrolein, benzene, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide, are described in other Chemical Sampling Information files.
Date Last Revised: 06/29/2005
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Diesel Exhaust.
- U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: Diesel Engine Exhaust (CASRN N.A.).
- American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees: AFSCME Health and Safety Fact Sheet - Diesel Exhaust.
- Nikasinovic, L., Momas, I. and Just, J.: A review of experimental studies on diesel exhaust particles and nasal epithelium alterations. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B. Crit. Rev. 7(2): 81-104, 2004.
- Siegel P.D., et al.: Effect of diesel exhaust particulate (DEP) on immune responses: contributions of particulate versus organic soluble compounds. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 67(3): 221-231, 2004.
- Takeda, K., Tsukue, N. and Yoshida, S.: Endocrine-disrupting activity of chemicals in diesel exhaust and diesel exhaust particles. Environ. Sci. 11(1): 33-45, 2004.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
-
sampling media: Quartz Fiber Filter (37-mm)
maximum volume: 4300 Liters maximum flow rate: 4 L/min
minimum time: 100 Minutes
maximum time: 480 Minutes
current analytical method: Thermal-Optical Analyzer
method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 5040)
method classification: Partially Validated
note: SLTC currently does not have the analytical equipment available. Contact SLTC for further information.
* All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
|
|
|
|
 |
|
Back to Top
www.osha.gov
