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Chemical Sampling Information |
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| Cyclohexane |
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General Description
Synonyms: Benzene hexahydride, Hexahydrobenzene, Hexamethylene, Hexanaphthene
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0810
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 110-82-7
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: GU6300000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 1145 128 [27 KB PDF]
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Cyclohexane: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 300 ppm, 1050 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 300 ppm, 1050 mg/m3 TWA
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 300 ppm, 1050 mg/m3 TWA
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 100 ppm, 334 mg/m3 TWA
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 300 ppm, 1050 mg/m3 TWA
Health Factors
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 1300 ppm [LEL]
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin, respiratory system; nausea; headache, dizziness, drowsiness, narcosis, coma; dermatitis; chemical pneumonia (by aspiration of liquid).
Health Effects: Irritation-Eye, Nose, Throat, Skin---Moderate (HE15); Narcosis (HE8)
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, CNS
Notes:
- Vapor/air mixtures may be explosive.
- EPA’s reference concentration (daily inhalation exposure likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime) for cyclohexane is 6 mg/m3.
- In human volunteers exposed to ~300 ppm of cyclohexane for 8 hours, the major urinary metabolites were 1,2- and 1,4-cyclohexanediol and their glucuronide conjugates. The mean eliminate half-lives of these metabolites were 16-17 hours.
- In contrast, workers exposed to lower airborne levels of cyclohexane from glues (geometric mean, 27 ppm), showed a 16-hour between-shift decrease in urinary cyclohexanol from 876 to 96 µg/liter, yielding an estimated biological half-life of approximately 5 hours.
Date Last Revised: 06/07/2006
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Cyclohexane.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Cyclohexane.
- U.S. EPA Integrated Risk Information System: Cyclohexane (CASRN 110-82-7).
- Mráz, J. Gálová, E., Nohová, H. and Vítková, D.: 1,2- and 1,4-Cyclohexanediol: major urinary metabolites and biomarkers of exposure to cyclohexane, cyclohexanone, and cyclohexanol in humans. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 71(8): 560-565, 1998.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Cyclohexane. In, Sittig’s Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 715-717.
- Yasugi, T., et al.: Exposure monitoring and health effect studies of workers occupationally exposed to cyclohexane vapor. Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 65(5): 343-350, 1994.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: Charcoal Tube (100/50 mg sections, 20/40 mesh)
analytical solvent: Carbon disulfide
alternate analytical solvent: (99:1) Carbon Disulfide:Dimethylformamide
maximum volume: 5 Liters maximum flow rate: 0.2 L/min
current analytical method: Gas chromatography; GC/FID
method reference: NIOSH Analytical Method (NIOSH 1500) [128 KB PDF]
method classification: Partially Validated
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