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Chemical Sampling Information |
N-Nitrosomorpholine |
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General Description
Synonyms: NMOR; 4-Nitrosomorpholine; 4-Nitroso-morpholine
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 1943
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 59-89-2
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: QE7525000
Chemical Description and Physical Properties: yellow solid
molecular formula: C4H8N2O2
molecular weight: 116.1
boiling point: 224°C/747 mm Hg
melting point: 29°C
Health Factors
National Toxicology Program (NTP) carcinogenic classification: Reasonably Anticipated to be Human Carcinogen [217 KB PDF]
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans
Potential symptoms: Irritation of eyes, skin; in animals: liver damage; [potential occupational carcinogen]
Health Effects: Animal carcinogen (liver, lung, esophagus, nasal/paranasal) (HE2).
Affected organs: Liver (rats); lungs (mice)
Notes:
- N-Nitrosomorpholine is an OSHA Select Carcinogen. OSHA does not have a PEL for this chemical.
- Activation of N-nitrosomorpholine to a mutagenic metabolite in Salmonella was reported to be catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2A6 (major) and P450 2E1 (minor).
- Occupational exposure to this chemical occurs primarily in the rubber industry.
- However, an increase in the urinary excretion of N-nitrosomorpholine can be caused by consumption of food rich in nitrate and amines.
Date Last Revised: 06/05/2006
Literature Basis:
- No Author: N-Nitrosomorpholine, CAS No. 59-89-2. Report on Carcinogens, Eleventh Edition; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Toxicology Program, 2005. [217 KB PDF]
- Fujita, K. and Kamataki, T.: Predicting the mutagenicity of tobacco-related N-nitrosamines in humans using 11 strains of Salmonella typhimurium YG7108, each coexpressing a form of human cytochrome P450 along with NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 38(4): 339-346, 2001.
- Hecht, S.S., Lijinsky, W., Kovatch, R.M., Chung, F.L. and Saavedra, J.E.: Comparative tumorigenicity of N-nitroso-2-hydroxymorpholine, N-nitrosodiethanolamine and N-nitrosomorpholine in A/J/ mice and F344 rats. Carcinogenesis 10(8): 1475-1477, 1989.
- Monarca, S., et al.: Monitoring airborne genotoxicants in the rubber industry using genotoxicity tests and chemical analyses. Mutat. Res. 490(2): 159-169, 2001.
- van Maanen, J.M., Pachen, D.M., Dallinga, J.W. and Kleinjans, J.C.: Formation of nitrosamines during consumption of nitrate- and amine-rich foods, and the influence of the use of mouthwashes. Cancer Detect. Prev. 22(3): 204-212, 1998.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
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sampling media: ThermoSorb/N Tube
analytical solvent: (75:25) Dichloromethane:Methanol
maximum volume: 75 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/TEA
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 27)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: OSHA personnel may obtain ThermoSorb/N Tube from SLTC. Store samples in freezer.
Bulk method: Limit the amount of bulk submitted to one gram or one mL.
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