 |
Chemical Sampling Information |
|
| p-Nitrophenol |
|
General Description
Synonyms: 4-Hydroxynitrobenzene; 4-Nitrophenol
OSHA IMIS Code Number: N607
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 100-02-7
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: SM2275000
Chemical Description and Physical Properties: Colorless to pale yellow crystals
molecular formula: C6H5NO3
molecular weight: 139.12
boiling point: 279°C
vapor pressure: 0.0032 Pa @ 20°C
melting point: 111-116°C
flash point: 169°C
Potentially hazardous incompatibilities: Mixtures with potassium hydroxide are explosive.
Health Factors
Potential symptoms: Eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation; yellow staining of skin; methemoglobinemia (blue lips, fingernails, ears); headache; nausea; cough, sore throat; bronchitis; dizziness, weakness, confusion, convulsions, unconsciousness; INGES. ACUTE: Abdominal pain, sore throat, vomiting.
Health Effects: Irritation-Eyes, Nose, Throat, Skin---Marked (HE14); Methemoglobinema (HE13)
Affected organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood
Notes:
- OSHA does not have a PEL for p-nitrophenol.
- p-Nitrophenol has been used as a model substrate for cytochrome P450 2E1, although the major urinary metabolite is its glucuronide conjugate.
- p-Nitrophenol is both a breakdown product and a metabolite of parathion and its derivatives. Its measurement in urine is used as one of the markers for exposure to these pesticides, as well as to p-nitrophenol itself, which can be absorbed through the skin.
Date Last Revised: 08/24/2005
Literature Basis:
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): p-Nitrophenol.
- EPA Air Toxics Website: 4-Nitrophenol. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network.
- Barr, D.B., et al.: Measurement of p-nitrophenol in the urine of residents whose homes were contaminated with methyl parathion. Environ. Health Perspect. 110 (Suppl. 6): 1085-1091, 2002.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Nitrophenols. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 2. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 1722-1725.
- Qiao, G.L., Chang, S.K., Brooks, J.D. and Riviere, J.E.: Dermatotoxicokinetic modeling of p-nitrophenol and its conjugation metabolite in swine following topical and intravenous administration. Toxicol. Sci. 54(2): 284-294, 2000.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
-
sampling media: Midget Impinger (MI) containing 10 mL of 0.1N NaOH
maximum volume: 100 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: High Performance Liquid Chromatography; HPLC/UV
method reference: OSHA SLTC In-House File
method classification: Not Validated
analytical condition: Column: C18; Mobile Phase: 50:50:0.1 Methanol: Water: H3PO4; Detector Wavelength: 254 or 280nm; Detection Limit: 0.003 mg/m3
Wipe Sampling Method:
-
sampling media: Whatman 41 Filter Paper
* All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
|
|
|
|
 |
|
Back to Top
www.osha.gov
