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Research on Women and Girls in the Justice System

September 2000

The papers included in this NIJ Research Forum, the third and final volume of the Plenary Papers of the 1999 Conference on Criminal Justice Research and Evaluation—Enhancing Policy and Practice Through Research, look at the particular circumstances that bring women and girls in contact with the criminal justice system and call for "redefining justice" by taking these circumstances into account. Sociologist Beth E. Richie argues that to understand and respond to women and girls as offenders, their status as crime victims also needs to be understood. Judge Kay Tsenin believes that justice should be defined beyond mere enforcement and that judges can direct women toward programs that break the cycle of victimization and offending. Psychologist Cathy Spatz Widom discusses the cycle of victimization and criminality and whether childhood abuse and neglect contribute to later involvement in crime by derailing young girls' normal development.