| Table 4-14 |
| Share of academic R&D expenditures, by country and S&E field: Selected years, 2000–02 |
| (Percent distribution) |
| |
 |
| |
United |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
States |
Japan |
Germany |
Spain |
Netherlands |
Australia |
Sweden |
Switzerland |
| Field |
(2001) |
(2002) |
(2001) |
(2002) |
(2001) |
(2000) |
(2001) |
(2002) |
|
| Academic R&D expenditure (2000 PPP $ billions) |
32.0 |
14.3 |
8.5 |
2.6 |
2.2 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.4 |
| Academic R&D |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
| NS&E |
93.8 |
68.1 |
78.2 |
78.2 |
73.2 |
73.3 |
77.8 |
47.6 |
| Natural sciences |
40.4 |
11.7 |
29.2 |
37.7 |
17.8 |
25.9 |
18.4 |
19.9 |
| Engineering |
15.3 |
25.5 |
19.7 |
22.6 |
22.3 |
16.0 |
25.5 |
9.8 |
| Medical sciences |
31.1 |
26.7 |
25.1 |
12.3 |
27.7 |
24.1 |
28.6 |
17.9 |
| Agricultural sciences |
7.1 |
4.3 |
4.1 |
5.5 |
5.5 |
7.4 |
5.3 |
NA |
| Social sciences and humanities |
NA |
31.9 |
20.9 |
21.8 |
23.6 |
26.7 |
19.1 |
14.7 |
| Social sciences |
6.2 |
NA |
8.6 |
14.7 |
NA |
19.8 |
13.1 |
NA |
| Humanities |
NA |
NA |
12.3 |
7.1 |
NA |
6.9 |
6.0 |
NA |
| Academic NS&E |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NS&E |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
100.0 |
| Natural sciences |
43.0 |
17.1 |
37.4 |
48.3 |
24.3 |
35.3 |
23.6 |
41.8 |
| Engineering |
16.3 |
37.4 |
25.2 |
28.9 |
30.4 |
21.8 |
32.8 |
20.5 |
| Medical sciences |
33.1 |
39.2 |
32.1 |
15.8 |
37.9 |
32.8 |
36.8 |
37.6 |
| Agricultural sciences |
7.5 |
6.3 |
5.3 |
7.0 |
7.5 |
10.1 |
6.8 |
NA |
|
|
| |
NA = detail not available but included in totals
NS&E = natural sciences and engineering; PPP = purchasing power parity
NOTES: Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Data for years in parentheses.
SOURCES: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Science and Technology Statistics database (2005). |
| |
| Science and Engineering Indicators 2006 |
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Source data 
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