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Physical Protection AreasNRC requires licensees to take a graded approach to physical protection through the use of specifically defined areas with increasing levels of security. These areas are discussed on this page: Exclusion AreaThe exclusion area is that area in which the licensee has the authority to determine all activities including exclusion or removal of personnel and property from the area.
Protected AreaThe protected area is an area within the exclusion area encompassed by physical barriers, such as one or more chain-link fences.
Vital AreasVital areas are located within protected areas and have additional barriers and alarms to protect vital equipment.
Material Access AreasMaterial access areas are similar to vital areas but control access to forms of special nuclear material for which protection against theft and diversion is required. The physical protection for these areas is similar to that of vital areas with the additional conditions that:
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