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 Thursday, April 26, 2007     Volume 18   Number 17  
Genomics & Health Weekly Update Genomics & Health Weekly Update Family History Genomics & Health Weekly Update Family History Population Research Genomics in Practice General Public
This weekly update provides information about the impact of human genetic research on
disease prevention & public health.
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April is National Autism Awareness Month
Autism is one of a group of developmental disorders known as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Scientists think that both genes and the environment play a role in ASDs. Family studies have been helpful in understanding how genes contribute to autism. Read more.

CDC Announcements
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Genetic act passed by the House of Representatives
On Wednesday, April 25, 2007 – National DNA Day, the Genetic Nondiscrimination Act of 2007 (GINA) was passed in the U.S. House of Representatives by a vote of 420-3. This act will protect against discrimination on the basis of genetic information with respect to health insurance and employment. The senate has not yet voted on this act.

           • Official statement of Administrative Policy, Executive Office of the President, OMB
           • Legislative information, The Library of Congress (last accessed 2/2008)

   
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New Reports Released by the DHHS SACGHS
The DHHS Secretary's Advisory Committee on Genetics, Health, and Society (SACGHS) has released two new reports: Policy Issues Associated with Undertaking a New Large U.S. Population Cohort Study of Genes, Environment, and Disease pdf (513 KB) and Realizing the Promise of Pharmacogenomics: Opportunities and Challenges

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New online database to help fight infectious diseases  This reference links to a non-governmental website
An international network of researchers announced the release of a new web-based resource called the Drug Target Prioritization (TDR) Targets Database, This reference links to a non-governmental website which is designed to facilitate the development of medicines to fight infectious diseases affecting developing countries. It combines available genomic and bioinformatic data for priority organisms with automatically extracted and manually curated information from scientific literature and other databases relevant to each putative drug target.

   
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New book on Genetic Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases
by Richard A. Kaslow,  Janet McNicholl,  and Adrian V. S. Hill 
Oxford University Press, USA (December 2007)

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Genomics In The News
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  • The following are headlines from on-line news articles published during the past week.
  • The headlines and lead sentence are exactly as they appear in the popular press and do not necessarily reflect the opinions or recommendations of CDC.
  • Free registration required for some articles.
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“House OKs ban on genetic discrimination” This reference links to a non-governmental website (last accessed 2/2008)
(Apr 25) The Washington Post reports, “Genetic information no longer could be used to deny someone health insurance or job opportunities under legislation passed by the House on Wednesday."

“New hereditary breast cancer gene discovered” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 25) EurekAlert! reports, “A new hereditary breast cancer gene has been discovered by scientists at the Lundberg Laboratory for Cancer Research and the Plastic Surgery Clinic at the Sahlgrenska Academy in Sweden.”

“Common genetic variants linked with progression to advanced forms of AMD” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) EurekAlert! reports, “Variations of two common genes are associated with progression to more advanced forms of age-related macular degeneration, and factors such as smoking and being overweight greatly increase this risk, according to a study in the April 25 issue of JAMA.”

“Cortex area thinner in youth with Alzheimer's-related gene” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) Science Daily reports, “A part of the brain first affected by Alzheimer's disease is thinner in youth with a risk gene for the disorder, a brain imaging study by researchers at the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has found.”

“Experts discuss genetic diseases prevention” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) Gulf Times reports, “As many as 7,000 types of genetic birth defects have been identified to date, the second annual International Forum for Children With Special Needs, was told yesterday.”

“Gene analysis might explain ethnic differences in sensitivity to chemotherapy in lung
cancer”
 This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) Science Daily reports, “Analysis of three genetic mechanisms that cause non-small cell lung cancer might explain why East Asians respond better than other ethnic groups to a certain type of chemotherapy, a team led by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers has found.”

“Genetic susceptibility linked to rare brain tumor” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) HealthCentral.com reports, “A person's genetics may increase their risk of developing a radiation-associated brain tumor called meningioma, according to a new study of 525 families.”

“Hot flashes: Studies explore the role of genes, obesity and alcohol” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) News Bureau reports, “Many women in the menopausal transition experience hot flashes: unpredictable, sometimes disruptive, periods of intense heat in the upper torso, neck and face.”

“Key gene identified that may be a marker of breast cancer metastasis” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) Medical News Today reports, “Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have identified an important gene involved in the spread of breast cancer that has developed resistance to long-term estrogen deprivation.”

“National DNA Day: Tour applied biosystems' DNA Applications Laboratory”
(Apr 24) Yahoo reports, “The American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) and Applied Biosystems, an Applera Corporation business, are recognizing the fifth annual National DNA Day with a special event designed to demonstrate the value of genetics and genomics.”

“Promising new approach to treating genetic disorders reveals” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 24) eMaxHealth reports, “New preclinical data published online in the current edition of the journal Nature show that PTC124, an investigational new drug designed to bypass nonsense mutations, was efficacious in a preclinical model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).”

“China experts identify cancer-preventing gene type” This reference links to a non-governmental website (last accessed 2/2008)
(Apr 23) Yahoo News reports, “Scientists in China have identified a gene variant which appears to protect Chinese people from various types of cancer.”

“Faulty DNA repair linked To Huntington's Disease onset” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 23) Science Daily reports, “Huntington's disease, an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that affects roughly 30,000 Americans, is incurable and fatal.”

“New genes identified in childhood fever-related seizures” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 23) EurekAlert! reports, “Researchers have localized two new genes that are associated with fever-related seizures that occur in infancy and childhood, according to a study published in the April 24, 2007, issue of Neurology®, the scientific journal of the American Academy of Neurology.”

“New test may allow population screening for Fragile X syndrome” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 23) Medical News Today reports, “A new automated test could enable population screening to identify carriers of the gene mutations causing fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common inherited form of mental retardation, reports a study in the April issue of Genetics in Medicine, published by the American College of Medical Genetics and Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a part of Wolters Kluwer Health.”

“Obtaining valid consent for doing large genetic studies in developing countries” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 23) EurekAlert! reports, “Genetic research has the potential to improve global health by discovering what makes people susceptible or resistant to certain diseases, and what causes the diseases themselves, thereby guiding prevention efforts.”

“Repressing genes” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 23) Science Daily reports, “Researchers report that most genes are repressed through a mechanism by which methyl molecules are attached to DNA.”

“Intravenous nanoparticle gene therapy shows activity in stage IV lung cancer” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 22) Medical News Today reports, “A cancer-suppressing gene has been successfully delivered into the tumors of stage 4 lung cancer patients via an intravenously administered lipid nanoparticle in a phase I clinical trial at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center.”

“New online database to help fight infectious diseases” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 20) eGovmonitor.com reports, “An international network of researchers announced on April 16, 2007 the release of a new web-based resource designed to facilitate the development of medicines to fight infectious diseases afflicting the developing world.”

“No sign that ethnic groups' genes cause diabetes, international research team says” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 20) Medical News Today reports, “A study by U.S. and Australian researchers is helping dispel the 40-year-old "thrifty genotype theory," which purports that certain minority groups are genetically prone to diabetes.”

“Study to build genetic, genealogical & medical database of parsis” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 20) Express Healthcare reports, “Avesthagen, a leading biotechnology company recently launched of the Avestagenome, a unique project to build a complete genetic, genealogical and medical database of the Parsis, who now number about 69,000 in India.”

“More effective therapies for individual cancers - personalized medicine” This reference links to a non-governmental website
(Apr 19) News-Medical.Net reports, “Genetic and epigenetic variations ensure that no two people are exactly alike, and the same holds true for any two cancers.”

“Women with sickle cell need special prenatal care” This reference links to a non-governmental website (last accessed 2/2008)
(Apr 19) Reuters Health reports, “African-American women with the sickle cell trait are less likely to delivery prematurely and more likely to have multiple births than their counterparts without the sickle cell trait, according to a report in the medical journal Obstetrics & Gynecology.”

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Genomics in Scientific Literature
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Prediction of Coronary Heart Disease Risk using a Genetic Risk Score: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Morrison AC, et al.
Am J Epidemiol 2007 Apr

Family History
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 In The News

No articles this week.

 

 In The Scientific Literature

Inherited cancer susceptibility syndromes in paediatric practice
Field M, et al.
J Paediatr Child Health 2007 Apr;43(4):219-29

Lack of mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 and 3 genes in a Taiwanese (ethnic Chinese) cohort of familial and early-onset parkinsonism
Lin CH, et al.
Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2007 Apr

Cancer genetic risk assessment for individuals at risk of familial breast cancer
Sivell S, et al.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007(2):CD003721

Cross-sectional study discloses a positive family history for Parkinson's disease and male gender as epidemiological risk factors for substantia nigra hyperechogenicity
Schweitzer KJ, et al.
J Neural Transm 2007 Apr

Family history of gallstones and the risk of biliary tract cancer and gallstones: A population-based study in Shanghai, China
Hsing AW, et al.
Int J Cancer 2007 Apr

Genetic Testing
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 In The News

“Genetic tests help prevent unnecessary chemo”
(Apr 23) NorthJersey.com reports, “Donna Kapshull beat breast cancer -- and she did it without chemotherapy.”

 

 In The Scientific Literature

Additional clinical manifestations in children with sensorineural hearing loss and biallelic GJB2 mutations: Who should be offered GJB2 testing?
Kenna MA, et al.
Am J Med Genet A 2007 Apr

Genetic tests for predicting the toxicity and efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy
Mladosievicova B, et al.
Neoplasma 2007;54(3):181-8

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HuGE Published Literature
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Articles that report on population prevalence of genotypes, gene-disease associations, gene-environment and gene-gene interactions and evaluation of genetic tests. For more information on HuGE, please visit the HuGENet™ home page

For the week ending April 25, 2007, there are HuGE articles in the following areas:

Gene Variant Frequency
Infectious and Parasitic Diseases
Neoplasms
Endocrine, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases
Mental Disorders
Diseases of the Nervous System and Sense Organs
Diseases of the Circulatory System
Diseases of the Respiratory System
Diseases of the Digestive System
Diseases of the Genitourinary System
Complications of Pregnancy, Childbirth, and the Puerperium
Diseases of the Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System and Connective Tissue
Congenital Anomalies
Injury and Poisoning

For more information on HuGE, please visit the HuGENet™ home page

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Upcoming Events
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2007 CDC Diabetes Conference
April 30 - May 3, 2007 ~ Atlanta, GA

   
 

2nd ASM Conference on Integrating Metabolism and Genomics (IMAGE2) This reference links to a non-governmental website
April 30 - May 3, 2007 ~ Montreal, Canada

   
  2007 Newborn Screening and Genetic Testing Symposium This reference links to a non-governmental website (last accessed 2/2008)
May 7-10, 2007 ~ Minneapolis, Minnesota
   
 

International Symposium on Health Informatics and BioinformaticsThis reference links to a non-governmental website
April 30 – May 2, 2007 ~ Belek, Antalya, Turkey

   
 

Managing Incidental Findings in Human Subjects Research: From Imaging to Genomics This reference links to a non-governmental website
May 1, 2007 ~ Minneapolis, MN

   
 

Development in Gene Expression Profiling This reference links to a non-governmental website
May 2-3, 2007 ~ London, UK

   
 

2007 Newborn Screening and Genetic Testing Symposium This reference links to a non-governmental website (last accessed 2/2008)
May 7-10, 2007 ~ Minneapolis, Minnesota

   
New This Week

The 2007 Summer Public Health Institute This reference links to a non-governmental website
May 21 – June 8, 2007 ~ Minneapolis, MN

   

small triangle For a full listing of genetics and genomics-related events, please visit the 2007 Upcoming Events page.
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Let's Go Surfing
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 Genetics Legislation Database  This reference links to a non-governmental website
The Genetics Legislation Database is offered by the National Conference of State Legislatures, and contains information on genetics bills and related research issues such as stem cell research.

Genetics Laws and Legislative Activity This reference links to a non-governmental website
This web page is part of the National Conference of State Legislatures website, and provides state genetics laws on various topics (e.g., embryonic and fetal research, employment, genetic privacy, health insurance).

Oregon Report to the 2007 Legislative Assembly This reference links to a non-governmental website
New report of the Oregon Advisory Committee on Genetic Privacy and Research (ACGPR), which describes the ACGPR’s recommendations to the 2007 Legislature and its proposed activities for the 2009 Legislative Assembly.

 

 

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The CDC National Office of Public Health Genomics makes available the above information as a public service only. Providing
this information does not constitute endorsement by the CDC.  Note that some links may become invalid over time.

 
This reference links to a non-governmental website
 Provides link to non-governmental sites and does not necessarily represent the views of the Centers  for Disease Control and Prevention.
Page last reviewed: April 26, 2007 (archived document)
Content Source: National Office of Public Health Genomics