The Basics
Men and women age 50 and older should be tested regularly for colorectal cancer. All it takes is a visit to the doctor to have a special exam (called a “screening”).
If you are at higher risk - especially if someone in your family has colorectal cancer - you may need to be tested before age 50. Talk to your doctor.
There are many ways to have your colon checked. Your doctor can help you decide which test is right for you and how often you should get screened. Some tests are done every 1-2 years. Other tests are done every 5–10 years. How often you get screened will depend on your risk of colon cancer.
The colon is part of the large intestine attached to the rectum.
What is Colorectal Cancer?
The colon is part of the large intestine attached to the rectum.
Cancer of the colon or rectum is called colorectal cancer. This kind of cancer can spread to other organs and overtake your whole body.
The good news is that many cases can be prevented or cured if they are found early. That’s why it is important to get tested for colorectal cancer.
Am I at Risk?
People over the age of 50 are at the highest risk for colorectal cancer. Other risk factors are:
- Growths (called “polyps”) inside the colon
- Family history of colorectal cancer
- Smoking
- Health conditions like Crohn’s Disease
Take this quiz
to find out your personal risk of getting colorectal cancer.
What Happens During the Test?
There are several tests used to screen for colorectal cancer. Ask your doctor to explain these screening tests.
Some tests you can do at home, such as a fecal occult blood test. Other tests, such as a colonoscopy, must be performed in a clinic or hospital. You may need to drink only liquids the day before your test and use laxatives to clean out your colon. Your doctor will tell you how to prepare for your test.
Some people find the tests for colorectal cancer to be uncomfortable. Most people agree that the benefits to their health outweigh the discomfort.
Print this list of questions about colorectal cancer before your next visit to the doctor.
The Benefits
Take Control – Act Early
Getting tested will give you the freedom from worry about colorectal cancer. If you act early, you have a good chance of finding colorectal cancer while it can be treated easily.
If your doctor finds growths inside your colon (called “polyps”) during testing, they can be removed before they become dangerous.
If you find out you have cancer when you are tested, you can take steps to treat it right away.
To learn more about colorectal cancer, visit these Web sites:
Take Action!
If you are over 50, it’s time to schedule a colorectal cancer test. Don’t wait.
Call Your Doctor
The best way to prevent colorectal cancer is to get tested early and often. Let your doctor know you want to be screened.
What About Cost?
If you have private health insurance or Medicare, it may cover the cost of colorectal cancer screening. Check with your insurance provider to learn what is included in your plan. The cost is different depending on which kind of test you need.
You can still get important screening tests even if you don't have insurance. Find a health center near you to learn more.
Get Support
If you are going to the doctor for a colorectal cancer test, ask a family member or friend to go with you. Talking to other patients can be helpful. Are you looking for other people who share your concerns and questions? Read real peoples' stories about colorectal cancer screening.
Get Active
Did you know exercise may help reduce your risk of colorectal cancer?
Eat Healthy
A low-fat diet full of foods with calcium and fiber, such as fruits and vegetables, may help prevent colorectal cancer.