Overview
BACKGROUND
The Chronic Disease Indicators (CDI) is a cross-cutting
set of 98 indicators that were developed by consensus and that
allows states and territories to uniformly define, collect,
and report chronic disease data that are—
- Important to public health practice
- Available at the state level
In addition to providing access to state-specific indicator data, the CDI
Web site serves as a gateway to additional information and
data resources.
Cross-cutting
CDI are divided into seven categories that represent a wide spectrum of
conditions and risk factors as well as social context:
- Physical activity and nutrition
- Tobacco and alcohol use
- Cancer
- Cardiovascular disease
- Diabetes
- Arthritis
- Overarching conditions
- Other diseases and risk factors:
Consensus
The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) originally
worked with epidemiologists and chronic disease program directors at the
state and federal level to select, prioritize, and define 73 chronic disease
indicators. The first set of indicators was published in 1999, with
state-specific data published the following year. In 2001 the content of
both reports became available online. In 2002, CSTE adopted a revised and
expanded set of indicators—Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists Position Statement: Revise
Chronic Disease Indicators (CDI)—to reflect expert and stakeholder
recommendations.*
(PDF–111K)
This site presents the most up-to-date CDI definitions. The Chronic
Disease Indicators are a collaborative effort of the following
organizations:
Uniform/Available
For each indicator
- Consistent methods for conducting state-level analyses were
established to provide comparable state-specific data.
- Surveillance data are available for the majority of states.
- A comprehensive definition was established, comprising the following
elements:
- Demographic group
- Numerator
- Denominator
- Measures of frequency
- Time period for case definition
- Background
- Significance
- Limitations of indicator
- Data resources
- Limitations of data resources
- Healthy People 2010 objectives
Important
- Indicators are related to diseases/conditions with substantial
public health burden.
- Indicators are consistent with Healthy People 2010 where
possible.
Gateway
The definition for each indicator includes a hyperlink to additional
information and data resources. These include—
Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System (BRFSS)
Alcohol and Public
Health
Youth Risk Behavioral
Surveillance System (YRBSS)
State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System
National Program of Cancer Registries
State
Cancer Profiles
CDC WONDER
Health-Related Quality of Life
United States Renal Data System (USRDS)*
Current Population Survey, American Community Survey
National Diabetes
Surveillance System
National Oral Health Surveillance
System
USES
The Chronic Disease Indicators facilitate and standardize surveillance
at both the state and national levels.
- New Hampshire used the indicators to develop the state’s diabetes
surveillance system. Twelve of the 13 measures in the state’s
surveillance system were from the chronic disease indicators:
Link*
- New Mexico published a comprehensive chronic disease surveillance
report that examined the available data for each indicator. Whenever
possible, data were presented at the district and county level:
Link*
(PDF–525K)
- In Ohio the indicators help to improve program evaluation by
ensuring that epidemiological data are used systematically for baseline
measurements in program impact and outcome objectives.
- Oregon has used the indicators as a standardized methodology for
analyzing chronic disease surveillance data. These data, in turn, have
helped to guide chronic disease prevention efforts, including reduction
of health disparities:
Link
(PDF–8.17MB)
- Maine has used the chronic disease indicators as guidance for
developing county-level fact sheets on cardiovascular disease:
Link*
- Georgia has calculated values for 19 health districts for most of
the indicators, including race- and district-specific values for some
indicators. They plan to create an Access database with standardized
reports for each district, and eventually to post the District-level
indicators on the Web.
- The Chronic Disease Indicators inspired the Division of Diabetes
Translation at CDC to develop a resource tool called the Diabetes
Indicators and Data Sources Internet Tool. This tool contains 38
diabetes indicators and lists associated national, state and
state-specific data sources. It is designed to assist diabetes programs
with their surveillance and epidemiological activities:
Link
- The process of selecting the Chronic Disease Indicators provided a
model for the CDC Division of Oral Health, in partnership with the
Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors, to develop the
National Oral Health Surveillance System (NOHSS). NOHSS includes
indicators of oral health, information on state dental programs, and
links to other important sources of oral health information. The
NOHSS Web site contains key oral
health indicators, including the CDI indicators related to oral health,
and lists associated national and state data sources. Web site users can
view profiles for each state, select tables and graphs for each
indicator, and create comparisons between states.
- The Steps to a HealthierUS
Cooperative Agreement (Steps) Program used the Chronic Disease
Indicators to identify core performance measures to track progress on
intended health outcomes over time. Aligning core performance measures
with the Chronic Disease Indicators enables Steps communities to compare
their progress to other communities, states, and the nation as a whole.
UPDATES
The indicators will be reviewed periodically because of changes in data
availability and public health priorities for chronic disease. As this
happens, this Web site will be updated to provide states and territories
with the most current tools and data to use in tracking chronic disease.
One or more documents on this Web page is available in Portable Document Format
(PDF). You will need Acrobat
Reader (a free application) to view and print these documents.
* Links to non-Federal
organizations are provided solely as a service to our users. Links do not
constitute an endorsement of any organization by CDC or the Federal
Government, and none should be inferred. The CDC is not responsible for
the content of the individual organization Web pages found at this link.
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