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President's Malaria Initiative (PMI)

What Is the President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI)?

The President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) is a U.S. government initiative designed to cut malaria deaths in half in target countries in sub-Saharan Africa.  It was announced on June 30, 2005, when President Bush pledged to increase U.S. funding of malaria prevention and treatment in sub-Saharan Africa by more than $1.2 billion over 5 years.

How Does PMI Work?

Partnerships are central to PMI’s strategy. PMI works in partnership with host country governments in Africa and builds on existing national programs. PMI is led by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) in conjunction with CDC.  These and other government agencies work with the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria; the World Bank; Roll Back Malaria; UNICEF; and other organizations in supporting host countries’ malaria control efforts. Private entities, such as Noble Energy, Marathon Oil Company, ExxonMobil, and the Gates Foundation, have funded complementary work in Equatorial Guinea and Zambia. The Malaria Control and Evaluation Partnership in Africa (MACEPA) at PATH, a nonprofit organization, is working to scale up malaria interventions, now in Zambia, and by the end of 2008, in five more countries. Several recently created programs and groups (e.g., Nothing But Nets, a grassroots campaign of the United Nations Foundation and partners, and Malaria No More, a nonprofit organization) are at work and collaborating with other organizations to address malaria in Africa. PMI collaborates with governments and agencies to conduct initial country needs assessments, develop annual Malaria Operational Plans, participate in national malaria partner coordination mechanisms, and complement and expand on monitoring and evaluation strategies.

Mother with baby, Tanzania

Mother cradling sick child in her arms, Tanzania. (Courtesy UNHCR Malaria Team)

What Does PMI Do?

To reduce malaria deaths by half in each target country after 3 years of full implementation, PMI helps national governments deliver proven, effective interventions to a majority (85%) of people at greatest risk—pregnant women and children less than 5 years old.

The interventions involve expanding access to and use of:

  • Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets
  • Indoor residual spraying with approved insecticides
  • Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs)
  • Intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women.

To help deliver these interventions and make sure they are having the desired impact, PMI also focuses on

  • Strengthening infrastructure (logistics, management, communication, training) that facilitates the interventions
  • Providing commodities (including antimalarial drugs, insecticide-treated nets, and appropriate insecticides for residual spraying)
  • Fostering private sector participation
  • Conducting rigorous monitoring and evaluation to demonstrate results of PMI inputs and ensuring effective delivery of interventions.

Where Does PMI Work?

Work is under way in each of the first seven countries targeted by PMI: Angola, Malawi, Mozambique , Rwanda, Senegal, Tanzania, and Uganda. By the end of 2007, PMI will have efforts under way in eight more countries: Benin , Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, and Zambia.

The first day of training of spray teams in Ondjiva, capital of Cunene Province, Angola.

The first day of training of spray teams in Ondjiva, capital of Cunene Province, Angola. (Courtesy RTI and USAID)

A young mother draped with a Kataa Malaria (Reject Malaria) hijab smiles after receiving a net.

A young mother draped with a Kataa Malaria (Reject Malaria) hijab, or head scarf, smiles after receiving a net. To mark the dual launch of PMI and the Kataa Malaria campaign, the Zanzibar Malaria Control Program, working with PMI, sponsored the ‘Kataa Malaria Bonanza.' (Courtesy Chris Thomas, USAID)

How Do CDC's Malaria and Entomology Branches Contribute to PMI?

As a public health agency with wide experience in malaria prevention and control, CDC brings to PMI strong and varied technical expertise that complements the contributions of other PMI partners.

Specialists in these branches:

Ms. Virginia Taona of the Mozambican Red Cross uses a PDA equipped with a GPS in a survey of insecticide-treated bednets in rural Mozambique, February 2006.

Ms. Virginia Taona of the Mozambican Red Cross uses a PDA equipped with a GPS in a survey of insecticide-treated bed nets in rural Mozambique, February 2006. (Courtesy Ramesh Krishnamurthy)

  • Jointly manage PMI activities with USAID; by early 2008, CDC will have a Malaria Advisor in each PMI country.
  • Help design PMI technical and programmatic strategies, including training, supervision, laboratory, communications, monitoring and evaluation, and surveillance systems.
  • Develop plans to estimate the impact of malaria control and prevention efforts, including those supported by PMI.
  • Provide overall entomologic support to PMI, including the evaluation of insecticidal activity of LLINs and monitoring of the spread of insecticide resistance.
  • Design and execute operations research activities to fill critical knowledge gaps and speed the scale-up of life-saving malaria control interventions.
  • Develop and implement cutting-edge survey methods utilizing PDA hand-held computers equipped with global positioning systems to conduct household surveys in remote villages.
  • Evaluate the performance of health workers who treat patients with suspected malaria.
Steve Smith, CDC chemist, uses a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer to measure the insecticide content of a treated bed net in rural Ghana. (Courtesy Joel Selanikio, DataDyne).

Steve Smith, CDC chemist, uses a portable X-ray fluorescence analyzer to measure the insecticide content of a treated bed net in rural Ghana. (Courtesy Joel Selanikio, DataDyne)

For more information on PMI, see

 

Page last modified : December 6, 2007
Content source: Division of Parasitic Diseases
National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases (ZVED)

 

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Health care providers needing assistance with diagnosis or management of suspected cases of malaria should call the CDC Malaria Hotline: 770-488-7788 (M-F, 8am-4:30pm, eastern time). Emergency consultation after hours, call: 770-488-7100 and request to speak with a CDC Malaria Branch clinician.

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