National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
MINNESOTA – 2007 Profile Print Version
HIV/AIDS has claimed the lives of over 500,000 Americans. Today, about one
million Americans are living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, and one
quarter of those infected are unaware of their infection.
Minnesota reported 4,632 AIDS cases to CDC, cumulatively from
the beginning of the epidemic through December 2005. Minnesota ranked
29th highest among the 50 states in number of reported AIDS cases in
2005. For more, visit:
http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/hiv
Figure
3: Source: CDC, National TB Surveillance System |
Although the overall rate of TB in the U.S. has declined
substantially since 1992, the rate of decrease among foreign-born
persons has been much smaller than that for U.S.-born persons.
In 2005, Minnesota reported:
• The 23rd highest rate of TB among states in the U.S. (3.9 per 100,000
persons).
• 86.9% of TB cases occurred in foreign-born persons.
For more, visit:
http://www.health.state.mn.us/tb |
Hepatitis A, B, and C Virus (HAV, HBV, HCV)
Safe and effective vaccines against HBV and HAV have led to dramatic declines in
acute disease; for each, estimated incidence in 2005 was the lowest ever
recorded. But there is no vaccine for HCV, and chronic HBV and HCV account for
over 50% of new cases of chronic liver disease, a leading cause of death.
In Minnesota, between 2000 and 2005:
• Reports of acute hepatitis A decreased by 83%.
• Reports of acute hepatitis B decreased by 33%.
• Chronic hepatitis C infection reporting to CDC was initiated to improve
surveillance.
For more, visit:
http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/diseases/hepatitis
|
Figure
4: Source: CDC, National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System |
Syphilis - Primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis (the stages when
syphilis is most infectious) remains a problem in the southern U.S. and some
urban areas.
• Minnesota ranked 29th among 50 states, with 1.4 cases of P&S syphilis per
100,000 persons.
• The number of congenital syphilis cases has remained at 3 or fewer between
1996 and 2005.
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea - Chlamydial and gonorrheal infections in
women are usually asymptomatic and often go undiagnosed. Untreated, these
infections can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, which can cause tubal
infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. In 2005, Minnesota:
• Ranked 40th among 50 states in chlamydial infections (239 per 100,000
persons) and ranked 33rd among 50 states in gonorrheal infections (68.3 per
100,000 persons).
• Reported rates of chlamydia among women (343.3 cases per 100,000) that were
2.6 times greater than those among men (133.1 cases per 100,000).
For more, visit:
http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/idepc/dtopics/stds
HIV/AIDS - CDC utilizes a comprehensive approach to HIV
prevention that includes surveillance, research, interventions, capacity
building, and evaluation. CDC supports 65 state, territorial and local health
departments and over 100 community-based organizations to conduct HIV prevention
programs. Programs are designed to meet the cultural needs, expectations, and
values of the populations they serve, and CDC involves affected communities in
the HIV prevention community planning process to ensure that funding goes to
those who need it most.
STDs
- CDC supports 65 state, territorial, and local health departments to conduct
STD prevention programs through Comprehensive STD Prevention System grants.
These grants support a community-wide, science-based, interdisciplinary approach
to STD prevention that includes behavioral interventions, medical and laboratory
services, disease surveillance, outbreak response, professional development, and
STD awareness and education campaigns. CDC also assigns staff to state and local
health departments..
TB - Through cooperative agreements with 68 state, territorial, and
big-city health departments, CDC supports TB prevention and control activities,
including surveillance, case management, and directly observed therapy. These
funds also support the identification and evaluation of persons exposed to TB,
as well as laboratory services, medical consultation for complex TB cases, and
training for state and local TB control staff. CDC also assigns staff to the
field to provide direct assistance.
Viral Hepatitis - CDC supports Hepatitis C Coordinators to provide
management, networking, and technical expertise for successful integration of
hepatitis C prevention activities into existing public health programs.
Coordinators facilitate activities in 52 health departments, including: 1)
incorporating HCV counseling and testing into public health and clinical
settings; 2) training of health care professionals; 3) identifying resources for
hepatitis A and B vaccination; and 4) developing referral networks to address
the needs of HCV-infected persons.
• Minnesota’s programs, services, and statistics, visit:
http://www.health.state.mn.us
• CDC’s programs, services, and statistics, visit:
http://www.cdc.gov/nchhstp
• Funding opportunities, conferences, HIV testing resources, and other news,
visit: http://www.cdcnpin.org |