| Types
of Evaluations |
When
to use |
What
it shows |
Why
it is useful |
Formative
Evaluation
Evaluability Assessment
Needs Assessment |
• During
the development of a new program.
• When an existing program is being modified
or is being used in a new setting or with a new population.
|
• Whether
the proposed program elements are likely to be needed, understood, and
accepted by the population you want to reach.
• The extent to which an evaluation is possible,
based on the goals and objectives. |
• It allows
for modifications to be made to the plan before full implementation begins.
• Maximizes the likelihood that the program
will succeed. |
| Process
Evaluation
Program Monitoring |
• As soon
as program implementation begins.
• During operation of an existing program. |
• How
well the program is working.
• The extent to which the program is being
implemented as designed.
• Whether the program is accessible and
acceptable to its target population. |
• Provides
an early warning for any problems that may occur.
• Allows programs to monitor how well their
program plans and activities are working. |
| Outcome
Evaluation
Objectives-Based
Evaluation |
• After
the program has made contact with at least one person or group in the
target population. |
• The
degree to which the program is having an effect on the target population's
behaviors. |
• Tells
whether the program is being effective in meeting it's objectives. |
| Economic
Evaluation:
Cost Analysis, Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation,
Cost-Benefit Analysis, Cost-Utility Analysis |
• At the
beginning of a program.
• During the operation of an existing program. |
• What
resources are being used in a program and their costs (direct and indirect)
compared to outcomes. |
• Provides
program managers and funders a way to assess cost relative to effects. "How
much bang for your buck." |
| Impact
Evaluation |
• During
the operation of an existing program at appropriate intervals.
• At the end of a program. |
• The
degree to which the program meets its ultimate goal on the overall rate
of STD transmission (how much has program X decreased the morbidity of
an STD beyond the study population). |
• Provides
evidence for use in policy and funding decisions. |
Program Operations Guidelines for STD Prevention
