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A community-based study of risk factors for Trichomonas vaginalis
infection among women and their male partners in Moshi Urban District, Northern
Tanzania.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2006; 33(12):712-718.
Klinger EV, Kapiga SH, Sam NE, Aboud S, Chen CY, Ballard RC, Larsen
U.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine predictors of Trichomonas
vaginalis among women and their partners in Moshi, Tanzania. STUDY DESIGN:
Women (N = 1440) and their partners (N = 588) were interviewed and specimens
for detection of T. vaginalis and sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
were collected. RESULTS: Prevalence of T. vaginalis was 10.7% in women and
6.3% in men. Having a partner with T. vaginalis was the strongest risk factor
in women (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 19.44; 95% confidence interval [CI],
7.84-48.25) and men (adjusted OR, 19.01; 95% CI, 6.8-52.40). Risk of T. vaginalis
infection was increased in subjects with less education. Other risk factors
in women were daily alcohol consumption, being separated, reporting infertility
problems, having a partner who had children with other women, and other STIs;
and in men, the risk factor was having no income. T. vaginalis was not associated
with HIV-1 in women and men. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention of T. vaginalis and
other STIs among couples is a major priority. Reduction of alcohol consumption
in women is an important intervention.