Technical Cooperation is subdivided into regional programs: Latin America and the Caribbean; Asia and the Pacific; Russia, Europe, and Eurasia and the Middle East; Africa, and North America. China, Brazil, Russia, and Indonesia are important partners for International Programs because of the importance of their forest ecosystems and the scale of forest-related trade with the U.S. International Programs also works in other countries based upon short-term assistance needs and the availability of funding for long-term projects.

Technical Cooperation's regional program managers initiate projects across different technical areas that encompass many of the most pressing forestry issues. These include fire management, forest monitoring and remote sensing, forest health and invasive species, migratory species and habitat management, watershed management, protected areas and ecotourism, and sustainable forestry practices. Efforts are not limited, however, to these primary areas of interest. Work has also addressed enterprise development of non-timber forest products, urban forestry, the illegal hunting of endangered game (e.g., the bushmeat trade) and market incentives for improved forestry practices.

Technical Cooperation works with the other staff units to promote sustainable forest management and biodiversity conservation. The Technical Cooperation and Policy units work in tandem to bring international criteria and indicators of forest sustainability to the domestic level. Specifically, the Montreal Process and management-unit criteria and indicators have been integrated into several pilot projects within the United States, such as the Local Unit Criteria and Indicators Development programs. Technical Cooperation and the DASP have also worked together on several projects responding to foreign disasters, such catastrophic fire in Indonesia and Mexico, and disaster preparedness training in India and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).