International Sequestration Mitigation Estimates

This section of the Web site focuses on national- or global-scale mitigation analyses for carbon sequestration and other greenhouse gas reduction activities in agriculture and forestry.

Mitigation analyses found in this section of the Web site and elsewhere for the same countries and regions will likely vary due to differences in underlying methods, activities, carbon pools, land base and timeframe included in the analyses.

Some of the documents below are PowerPoint presentations. These documents will open if a left-click is done on the link and can be closed by striking the escape key on your keyboard.

Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines, Tanzania:

EPA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) have been coordinating the F7 Tropical Forestry Climate Change Research Network of forest-sector analysts in these countries since the early 1990s. The F7 network has been identifying which forestry mitigation options are the most important for individual developing countries and local communities; how much sequestration and emissions reductions can be achieved through these options; and what costs are associated with these options. The graph below summarizes major potential mitigation activities, regions, and costs for the F7 countries.This work uses the COMAP model.

• Forestry Carbon Mitigation Potential (PDF, 1 p., 12 KB, About PDF)

The following papers and presentations summarize this work. Results for the individual F7 countries are available in the specific country papers:

• Sathaye, J., W. Makundi and K. Andrasko (2001) Carbon mitigation potential and costs of forestry options in Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines and Tanzania. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 185-211 (PDF, 185 pp., 207 KB, About PDF) . Available for personal use only through the kind permission of Kluwer Academic Publishers; please contact Kluwer for any reproduction and/or distribution.
  
  
• Sathaye, J., W. Makundi and K. Andrasko (2001) Forestry mitigation potential and costs: Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines and Tanzania. Presented at 2001 EPA/USDA Agriculture and Forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum. (Powerpoint, 27 pp., 565 KB)
  

Brazil

• P.M. Fearnside (2001) The Potential of Brazil's Forest Sector for Mitigating Global Warming under the Kyoto Protocol. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 355-372.

China

• Deying Xu, Xiao-Quan Zhang, Zuomin Shi (2001) Mitigation Potential for Carbon Sequestration Through Forestry Activities in Southern and Eastern China. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 213-232.

India

• FORCLIMIT-India is a cooperative project of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), and Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education (ICFRE), on the Indian side; and EPA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory from the U.S. The objectives of the FORCLIMIT-India research network are to: improve assessment of mitigation opportunities and costs for India, and for two states in detail; develop village-level case studies of mitigation potential and issues; initiate dialog among government, private, NGO, academic, and local stakeholders on technical issues; and disseminate findings.
  
  
• N.H. Ravindranath, P. Sudha, Sandhya Rao (2001) Forestry for sustainable biomass production and carbon sequesteration in India, Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 233-256.

Indonesia

• R. Boer (2001) Economic Assessment of Mitigation Options for Enhancing and Maintaining Carbon Sink Capacity in Indonesia. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 257-290.

Mexico

• O.R. Masera, A.D. Cerón and A. Ordóñez (2001) Forestry Mitigation Options for Mexico: Finding Synergies between National Sustainable Development Priorities and Global Concerns. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 291-312.

The Philippines

• R.D. Lasco and F.B. Pulhin (2001) Climate Change Mitigation Activities in the Philippine Forestry Sector: Application of the COMAP Model. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 313-334.

Tanzania

• W.R. Makundi (2001) Potential and Cost of Carbon Sequestration in the Tanzanian Forest Sector. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 6 (3-4): 335-353.

Canada

Some presentations at the EPA-co-sponsored Agriculture and Forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum:

• Canadian Economic and Emissions Model for Agriculture (CEEMA): Model Description and Application. Presentation by B. Junkins, S. Kulshreshtha, and M. Boehm at 2001 EPA/USDA Agriculture and Forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum. (Powerpoint, 23 pp., 564 KB)
  
  
• Economic Assessment of GHG Mitigation Strategies for Canadian Agriculture: Role of Market Mechanisms for Soil Sinks. Presentation by R. Flick and B. MacGregor at 2002 EPA/USDA Agriculture and Forestry Greenhouse Gas Modeling Forum. (PDF, 13 pp., 90 KB)

European Union

• ECCP (European Climate Change Program) Working Group on Forest Sinks (2002) Final Report: Conclusions and recommendations regarding forest related sinks and climate change mitigation.(PDF, 53 pp., 225 KB)
  
  
• ECCP (European Climate Change Program) Working Group Sinks Related to Agricultural Soils (2003) Final Report.(PDF, 76 pp., 609 KB)

Global Mitigation Potential Analysis

A variety of estimates of sequestration mitigation potential in the forestry sector have been performed, using a wide range of analytic methods, data, and assumptions. For these reasons, the estimates generally are difficult to compare. Relatively few such analyses have been performed for global or country-level agricultural sector carbon sequestration potential. Some representative estimates are provided below:

• IPCC (2001) Climate Change 2001: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. B. Metz et al. (eds.), Cambridge University Press.
  
  
• IPCC (2000) Special Report on Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry, R.T. Watson et al. (eds.), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Cambridge University Press. Chapters 3 and 4 in particular contain mitigation estimates.
  
  
• Sedjo, R., B. Sohngen and R. Mendelsohn (2001) Estimating Carbon Supply Curves for Global Forests and Other Land Uses. (PDF, 34 pp., 121 KB, About PDF)
  
  
• Niles, J.O., S. Brown, J. Pretty, A. Ball and J. Fay (2001) Potential Carbon Mitigation and Income in Developing Countries from Changes in Use and Management of Agricultural and Forest Lands, Centre for Environment and Society Occasional Paper, 2001-04, University of Essex. (PDF, 26 pp., 69 KB, About PDF)
  
  
• Winrock International provides a wide range of documents on international carbon sequestration and emission estimates, biomass measurement, monitoring, and project evaluation.
  

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