[Federal Register: May 22, 2008 (Volume 73, Number 100)]
[Rules and Regulations]
[Page 29691-29698]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr22my08-8]
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
40 CFR Part 60
[EPA-HQ-OAR-2002-0071; FRL-8568-7]
RIN 2060-AP13
Update of Continuous Instrumental Test Methods: Technical
Amendments
AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
ACTION: Final rule.
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SUMMARY: EPA is taking final action to correct errors in a final rule
published May 15, 2006, that updated five continuous instrumental test
methods. As published, the rule contained inadvertent errors and
provisions that needed to be clarified. We published a direct final
rule with a parallel proposed rule on September 7, 2007 to correct the
errors and to add clarifying language. However, we received an adverse
comment on the direct final rule, and it was subsequently withdrawn on
November 5, 2007. This action finalizes the parallel proposal. In this
final rule, EPA corrects errors, clarifies certain provisions, and
responds to the adverse comment received on the direct final rule
published on September 7, 2007.
DATES: This final rule is effective on May 22, 2008.
ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID
No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2002-0071. All documents in the docket are listed on the
www.regulations.gov Web site. Although listed in the index, some
information is not publicly available, e.g., CBI or other information
whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such
as copyrighted material, is not placed on the Internet and will be
publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket
materials are available either electronically through
www.regulations.gov or in hard copy at the Update of Continuous
Instrumental Test Methods Docket, Docket ID No. EPA-OAR-2002-0071, EPA
Docket Center, EPA/DC, EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave.,
NW., Washington, DC. This Docket Facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to
4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday excluding legal holidays. The Docket
telephone number is (202) 566-1742. The Public Reading Room is open
from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding legal
holidays. The telephone number for the Public Reading Room is (202)
566-1744.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Foston Curtis, Air Quality
Assessment Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
(E143-02), Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina 27711; telephone number (919) 541-1063; fax number (919)
541-0516; e-mail address: curtis.foston@epa.gov.
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Table of Contents
I. Does This Action Apply to Me?
II. Where Can I Obtain a Copy of This Action?
III. Background
IV. This Action
A. Method 3A--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-1
B. Method 6C--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-4
C. Method 7E--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-4
D. Method 20--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-7
V. Public Comments on the Proposed Rule
VI. Judicial Review
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
[[Page 29692]]
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With
Indian Tribal Governments
G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From
Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks
H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect
Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use
I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address
Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income
Populations
K. Congressional Review Act
I. Does This Action Apply to Me?
This rule applies to certain sources that are subject to New Source
Performance Standards (40 CFR part 60), are required to conduct
continuous emission monitoring pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, or are
subject to other regulations that require the use of Method 3A, of
Appendix A-1, Methods 6C, 7E of Appendix A-4, and Method 20 of Appendix
A-7 to 40 CFR Part 60.
Regulated Entities. Categories and entities potentially affected
include the following:
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Examples of regulated
Category NAICS \a\ entities
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Industry...................... 332410........... Fossil Fuel Steam
Generators.
Industry...................... 332410........... Industrial,
Commercial,
Institutional Steam
Generating Units.
Industry...................... 332410........... Electric Generating
Units.
Industry...................... 333611........... Stationary Gas
Turbines.
Industry...................... 324110........... Petroleum Refineries.
Industry...................... 562213........... Municipal Waste
Combustors.
Industry...................... 322110........... Kraft Pulp Mills.
Industry...................... 325188........... Sulfuric Acid Plants.
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\a\ North American Industry Classification System.
This table is not intended to be exhaustive, but rather to provide
a guide for readers regarding entities likely to be affected by this
action. This table lists examples of the types of entities EPA is now
aware could potentially be affected by the final rule. Other types of
entities not listed could also be affected. If you have any questions
regarding the applicability of this action to a particular entity,
consult the person listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER INFORMATION
CONTACT section.
II. Where Can I Obtain a Copy of This Action?
In addition to being available in the docket, an electronic copy of
this rule will also be available on the Worldwide Web (www) through the
Technology Transfer Network (TTN). Following the Administrator's
signature, a copy of the final rule will be placed on the TTN's policy
and guidance page for newly proposed or promulgated rules at http://
www.epa.gov/ttn/oarpg. The TTN provides information and technology
exchange in various areas of air pollution control.
III. Background
Methods 3A, 6C, 7E, 10, and 20 measure oxygen, carbon dioxide,
sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide emissions from
stationary sources. They are prescribed for use in determining
compliance with a number of Federal, State, and local regulations. The
EPA published updates to simplify, harmonize, and update these test
methods on May 15, 2006 (71 FR 28081). The rule promulgating these
updates became effective August 14, 2006. As published, the rule
contained inadvertent errors and provisions that needed clarification.
On September 7, 2007, EPA simultaneously published a proposed rule
(72 FR 51392) and a direct final rule (72 FR 51365) to correct errors
and clarify certain provisions in the May 15, 2006 rule. Because EPA
received one adverse comment during the public comment period, EPA
withdrew the direct final rule on November 5, 2007 (72 FR 62414). EPA
is taking final action on the corrections and clarifications proposed
for approval on September 7, 2007, and is responding to the adverse
comment received in response to that proposal.
IV. This Action
In this final rule, EPA corrects errors and clarifies portions of
the May 15, 2006 rule to reflect the intent of the rule and to make it
more understandable.
Specifically, EPA is taking the following actions:
A. Method 3A--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-1
1. We are clearly stating that pre-cleaned or scrubbed air may be
used for the high-level calibration gas provided no interfering gases
are present.
2. An incorrect reference in Section 8.1 to Section 8.2 of Method 3
for sampling to determine gas molecular weight is corrected to
reference Section 8.2.1 of Method 3.
B. Method 6C--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-4
In Section 6.2, a reference to Section 6.2.8.1 for dual-range
analyzers is expanded to include Section 6.2.8.2 which also applies.
C. Method 7E--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-4
1. Under the descriptions for calibration gases in Section 3.3, the
quality of zero gas allowed for instrument calibration is clarified.
The current requirement is that all calibration gases be of EPA
traceability protocol quality. However, the traceability protocol does
not have a specification for zero gas. Therefore, we are adopting the
specification for ``zero air material'' in 40 CFR 72.2 for zero gas in
place of the traceability protocol.
2. In Section 3.4, we recommend the instrument calibration span be
chosen such that emission concentrations are between 20 to 100 percent
of the calibration span, ``to the extent practicable.'' We are adding a
note, as an example, that meeting this 20 to 100 percent criterion may
not be practicable when emissions are low relative to the emission
limit and the purpose of the test is to show compliance with the
emission limit.
3. Section 3.9 is clarified to note that drift is the difference
between the pre- and post-run system bias checks instead of the
difference between the measurement system readings for the pre- and
post-run bias checks.
4. Section 3.12 is corrected to remove erroneous citations to 40
CFR 53.55 and 53.56 which have nothing to do with the manufacturer's
stability test (MST).
5. In Section 6.2.2, we are specifically stating that the
particulate media must be included in the system bias test only when
using out-of-stack filters.
6. In Section 6.2.6, the description of the calibration gas
manifold is clarified to note that blocking the sample flow is not
necessary when in direct calibration
[[Page 29693]]
mode, as suggested in the current method, but the calibration gas may
simply supply an excess of calibration gas through the system.
7. The method implies that all analyzers with calibration spans of
20 ppmv or less are required to perform the MST. In Section 6.2.8.2, we
are clarifying the MST requirement to note that it is only required for
those analyzers that are routinely calibrated with a calibration span
of 20 ppmv or less.
8. The new converter efficiency check that was added in Section
16.2.2 requires the nitrogen dioxide (NO2) test gas be of
EPA traceability protocol quality. Subsequent discussions with the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) concerning the
quality of the NIST NO2 standard revealed that this standard
contains small but consistent amounts of nitric acid (HNO3).
Some converters may not be able to completely convert this
HNO3 to nitric oxide (NO) for analysis. There are also
concerns about the cost and stability of certified NO2 gas
over time. We are, therefore, dropping the new requirement that the
converter efficiency gas be of EPA traceability protocol quality and
reverting to the previous requirement that the gas be of a
manufacturer-certified concentration. In addition, for this converter
check procedure, the gas is required to be in the 40 to 60 ppmv range
while the two alternative procedures require gas in the mid- to high-
calibration range. We are dropping the 40 to 60 ppmv requirement in
favor of recommending the concentration be in the mid- to high-
calibration range in order to keep the three procedures consistent.
Subsequent references to the 40 to 60 ppmv requirement have been
deleted from the method.
9. In Section 7.2, we are clearly stating that the appropriate test
gases listed in Table 7E-3, or others not listed that can potentially
interfere, as noted elsewhere, must be used for the test. We are also
making it clear that the gases used should be manufacturer-certified
but are not required to be prepared by the EPA traceability protocol.
10. In Section 8.1.2, we are explicitly stating that the required
stratification test is to be performed at each test site except for
small stacks that are less than 4 inches in diameter.
11. In Section 8.2.1, we are making it clear that testers must
obtain a certificate from the gas manufacturer documenting the quality
of the calibration gas.
12. In Section 8.2.4, we are clearly stating that the converter
efficiency test may be performed either before or after a test or after
a series of tests.
13. In Section 8.2.7, paragraph (1) is reworded to add clarity to
the interference test, and paragraph (2) is corrected to note that the
interference test is valid for the life of the instrument unless major
components are replaced with different model parts.
14. In the sample traversing procedure in Section 8.4, we delete
redundant language in paragraphs (1) and (2).
15. In paragraph (1) of Section 8.5, we clarify the handling of
failed post-run bias checks by removing unnecessary wording.
16. In Section 10.0, we clearly state that analyzers which measure
NO and NO2 without using a converter must be calibrated with
both NO and NO2. The current wording is not clear to some
users.
17. In Section 12.1, we are revising certain definitions to reflect
the corrections being made to the calculations.
18. In Section 12.4, we correct the system calibration error
equation by adding a term for the dilution factor.
19. In Section 12.6, we add a missing equation for calculating
sample concentration when a non-zero gas is used as the low-level
calibration gas.
20. In Section 12.9 we replace the erroneous equation added in the
updates rule with the one traditionally used by the method.
21. In Section 12.11, we correct the equation for calculating the
spike recovery.
22. In Section 13.5, we are adding the 2 percent limit for the
alternative converter efficiency test.
23. In Section 16.2.2, we are deleting the procedures in paragraphs
(2) and (3) because they are not needed for the test and are confusing.
24. In Section 16.3, the erroneous references to 40 CFR 53.55 and
53.56 are removed; only 53.53 is followed for the MST. A note is added
to clarify that alternative procedures or documentation of instrument
stability are acceptable.
25. In Table 7E-3, the title is edited to note that the table
contains example interference gases and concentrations. We are removing
a table footnote instructing dilution extractive systems to use the hot
wet concentrations because it may not be applicable in all cases. In
its place, a footnote is added to remind the tester to use the highest
gas concentration expected at test sites for the interference test.
26. In Table 7E-5, we correct the typographical error listing the
NOX concentration at ``.80% of calibration span'' to read
``80% of calibration span.'' We have removed the note to evaluate each
model by the MST at least quarterly or once per 50 production units
because it is not necessary.
D. Method 20--40 CFR Part 60, Appendix A-7
1. In Section 8.4, we are adding a minimum sample run time of 21
minutes.
V. Public Comments on the Proposed Rule
Two public comment letters were received on the direct final rule
that was published on September 7, 2007. Because the comments was
considered adverse, the direct final rule was withdrawn on November 5,
2007 (72 FR 62414). One commenter identified an error in the definition
of ``system bias.'' We inadvertently proposed to change the definition
to note that system bias is calculated from the difference between the
system calibration response and the manufacturer certified gas
concentration and not from the difference between the system
calibration response and the direct calibration responses. Therefore,
we are not revising the definition of system bias as indicated in the
September 7, 2007, notice.
Another commenter asked that we amend the suggested gas
concentrations that were proposed for the Method 7E converter check to
make it clear that gases in the 40 to 60 ppm range were not the only
ones allowed but that other concentrations were acceptable if they were
more appropriate for the source conditions. We agree and have made this
change in the final rule.
Another error in the published equation for calculating system
calibration error was pointed out. The dilution factor was not in the
correct place in Equation 7E-3. This has been corrected.
VI. Judicial Review
Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), judicial review
of this final rule is available by filing a petition for review in the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit by July 21,
2008. Under section 307(d)(7)(B) of the CAA, only an objection to this
final rule that was raised with reasonable specificity during the
period for public comment can be raised during judicial review.
Moreover, under section 307(b)(2) of the CAA, the requirements
established by this action may not be challenged separately in any
civil or criminal proceedings brought by EPA to enforce these
requirements.
[[Page 29694]]
VII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews
A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review
This action is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under the
terms of Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993) and is,
therefore, not subject to review under the Executive Order.
B. Paperwork Reduction Act
This action does not impose an information collection burden under
the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.
Burden is defined at 5 CFR 1320.3(b). These amendments do not add
information collection requirements beyond those currently required
under the applicable regulation. The amendments being made correct
technical inaccuracies in the existing testing methodology.
C. Regulatory Flexibility Act
The Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) generally requires an agency
to prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis of any rule subject to
notice and comment rulemaking requirements under the Administrative
Procedure Act or any other statute unless the agency certifies that the
rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial
number of small entities. Small entities include small businesses,
small organizations, and small governmental jurisdictions.
For purposes of assessing the impacts of this rule on small
entities, small entity is defined as: (1) A small business whose parent
company has fewer than 100 or 1,000 employees, or fewer than 4 billion
kilowatt-hr per year of electricity usage, depending on the size
definition for the affected North American Industry Classification
System code; (2) a small governmental jurisdiction that is a government
of a city, county, town, school district or special district with a
population of less than 50,000; and (3) a small organization that is
any not-for-profit enterprise which is independently owned and operated
and is not dominant in its field.
After considering the economic impacts of this final rule on small
entities, I certify that this action will not have a significant
economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. This final
rule will not impose any requirements on small entities because it does
not impose any additional regulatory requirements.
D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act
Title II of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public
Law 104-4, establishes requirements for Federal agencies to assess the
effects of their regulatory actions on State, local, and tribal
governments and the private sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA, EPA
generally must prepare a written statement, including a cost-benefit
analysis, for proposed and final rules with ``Federal mandates'' that
may result in expenditures to State, local, and tribal governments, in
the aggregate, or to the private sector, of $100 million or more in any
1 year. Before promulgating an EPA rule for which a written statement
is needed, section 205 of the UMRA generally requires EPA to identify
and consider a reasonable number of regulatory alternatives and adopt
the least costly, most cost-effective or least burdensome alternative
that achieves the objectives of the rule. The provisions of section 205
do not apply when they are inconsistent with applicable law. Moreover,
section 205 allows EPA to adopt an alternative other than the least
costly, most cost-effective, or least burdensome alternative if the
Administrator publishes with the final rule an explanation why that
alternative was not adopted. Before EPA establishes any regulatory
requirements that may significantly or uniquely affect small
governments, including tribal governments, it must have developed,
under section 203 of the UMRA a small government agency plan. The plan
must provide for notifying potentially affected small governments,
enabling officials of affected small governments to have meaningful and
timely input in the development of EPA regulatory proposals with
significant Federal intergovernmental mandates, and informing,
educating, and advising small governments on compliance with the
regulatory requirements.
EPA has determined that this final rule does not contain a Federal
mandate that may result in expenditures of $100 million or more for
State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, or the private
sector in any one year, nor does this rule significantly or uniquely
impact small governments, because it contains no requirements that
apply to such governments or impose obligations upon them. Thus, this
rule is not subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the
UMRA. EPA has determined that this rule contains no regulatory
requirements that might significantly or uniquely affect small
governments because it contains no requirements that apply to such
governments or impose obligations upon them. Thus, this rule is not
subject to the requirements of sections 202 and 205 of the UMRA.
E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism
Executive Order 13132 entitled ``Federalism'' (64 FR 43255, August
10, 1999) requires EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure
``meaningful and timely input by State and local officials in the
development of regulatory policies that have federalism implications.''
``Policies that have federalism implications'' is defined in the
Executive Order to include regulations that have ``substantial direct
effects on the States, on the relationship between the national
government and the States, or on the distribution of power and
responsibilities among the various levels of government.''
This final rule does not have federalism implications. It will not
have substantial direct effects on the States, on the relationship
between the national government and the States, or on the distribution
of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government,
as specified in Executive Order 13132. The amendments in this rule will
benefit State and local governments by clarifying and correcting
provisions they currently implement. No added responsibilities or
increase in implementation efforts or costs for State and local
governments are being added in this action. Thus, Executive Order 13132
does not apply to this rule.
F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian
Tribal Governments
Executive Order 13175 entitled ``Consultation and Coordination with
Indian Tribal Governments'' (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000) requires
EPA to develop an accountable process to ensure ``meaningful and timely
input by tribal officials in the development of regulatory policies
that have tribal implications.'' This final rule does not have tribal
implications as specified in Executive Order 13175. It will not have
substantial direct effects on tribal governments, on the relationship
between the Federal government and Indian tribes, or on the
distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal
government and Indian tribes, as specified in Executive Order 13175.
Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this rule.
G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental
Health Risks and Safety Risks
EPA interprets EO 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) as applying
only to those regulatory actions that concern
[[Page 29695]]
health or safety risks, such that the analysis required under section
5-501 of the EO has the potential to influence the regulation. This
action is not subject to EO 13045 because it does not establish an
environmental standard intended to mitigate health or safety risks.
H. Executive Order 13211: Actions That Significantly Affect Energy
Supply, Distribution, or Use
This rule is not subject to Executive Order 13211, ``Actions
Concerning Regulations that Significantly Affect Energy Supply,
Distribution, or Use'' (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001) because it is not a
significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866.
I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act
Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement
Act of 1995 (``NTTAA''), Public Law No. 104-113, 12(d) (15 U.S.C. 272
note) directs EPA to use voluntary consensus standards in its
regulatory activities unless to do so would be inconsistent with
applicable law or otherwise impractical. Voluntary consensus standards
are technical standards (e.g., materials specifications, test methods,
sampling procedures, and business practices) that are developed or
adopted by voluntary consensus standards bodies. NTTAA directs EPA to
provide Congress, through OMB, explanations when the Agency decides not
to use available and applicable voluntary consensus standards.
This action does not involve technical standards. Therefore, EPA
did not consider the use of any voluntary consensus standards.
J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental
Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations
Executive Order 12898 (59 FR 7629 (Feb. 16, 1994)) establishes
Federal executive policy on environmental justice. Its main provision
directs federal agencies, to the greatest extent practicable and
permitted by law, to make environmental justice part of their mission
by identifying and addressing, as appropriate, disproportionately high
and adverse human health or environmental effects of their programs,
policies, and activities on minority populations and low-income
populations in the United States.
EPA has determined that this final rule will not have
disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental
effects on minority or low-income populations because it does not
affect the level of protection provided to human health or the
environment. This final rule does not relax the control measures on
sources regulated by the rule and, therefore, will not cause emissions
increases from these sources.
K. Congressional Review Act
The Congressional Review Act, 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq., as added by the
Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996, generally
provides that before a rule may take effect, the agency promulgating
the rule must submit a rule report, which includes a copy of the rule,
to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the
United States. EPA will submit a report containing this rule and other
required information to the U.S. Senate, the U.S. House of
Representatives, and the Comptroller General of the United States prior
to publication of the rule in the Federal Register. A major rule cannot
take effect until 60 days after it is published in the Federal
Register. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C.
804(2). This rule will be effective May 22, 2008.
List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 60
Environmental protection, Administrative practice and procedures,
Air pollution control, Intergovernmental relations, Reporting and
recordkeeping requirements.
Dated: May 15, 2008.
Stephen L. Johnson,
Administrator.
0
For the reasons set out in the preamble, title 40, chapter I of the
Code of Federal Regulations is amended as follows:
PART 60--STANDARDS OF PERFORMANCE FOR NEW STATIONARY SOURCES
0
1. The authority citation for part 60 continues to read as follows:
Authority: 23 U.S.C. 101; 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.
Appendix A-2--[Amended] /
0
2. Amend Method 3A as follows:
0
a. Add a sentence after the second sentence of Section 7.1.
0
b. Revise the second sentence in Section 8.1.
Method 3A--Determination of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in
Emissions From Stationary Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)
* * * * *
7.1 Calibration Gas. * * * Pre-cleaned or scrubbed air may be
used for the O2 high-calibration gas provided it does not contain
other gases that interfere with the O2 measurement.
* * * * *
8.1. Sampling Site and Sampling Points. * * * In that case, you
may use single-point integrated sampling as described in Section
8.2.1 of Method 3.
* * * * *
Appendix A-4--[Amended]
0
3. Amend Method 6C by revising the last sentence in Section 6.2 to read
as follows:
Method 6C--Determination of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions From Stationary
Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)
* * * * *
6.2 * * * The low-range and dual-range analyzer provisions in
Sections 6.2.8.1 and 6.2.8.2 of Method 7E apply.
* * * * *
0
4. Amend Method 7E as follows:
0
a. Revise Sections 3.3, 3.4, and 3.9.
0
b. Revise Section 3.12 by removing the third sentence and adding two
new sentences.
0
c. Revise Section 6.2.2.
0
d. Revise the second sentence in Section 6.2.6.
0
e. Revise Section 6.2.8.2.
0
f. Add a sentence after the second sentence in Section 7.1.
0
g. Revise Section 7.1.4.
0
h. Revise Section 7.2.
0
i. Add three sentences to the beginning of Section 8.1.2.
0
j. Revise the second sentence in Section 8.2.1.
0
k. Revise the first sentence in Section 8.2.4.
0
l. Revise Section 8.2.4.1.
0
m. Revise the first and second sentences in paragraph (1) and the
second sentence in paragraph (2) of Section 8.2.7.
0
n. Revise paragraphs (1) and (2) in Section 8.4.
0
o. Revise the introductory paragraph and paragraph (1) of Section 8.5.
0
p. In Section 9.0, revise the table entitled ``Summary Table of QA/QC''
by amending the entry for ``M'' ``System Performance'' ``NO2-NO
conversion efficiency'' ``>= 90% of certified test gas concentration''
``before each test.''
0
q. Revise the last sentence in paragraph (1) of Section 10.0.
0
r. Add definitions for ``Cnative,'' ``COA,'' and ``DF'' in alphabetical
order to Section 12.1.
0
s. Remove the definition for ``NOfinal'' in Section 12.1.
0
t. Revise the definitions of ``C0'' and ``SBf'' in Section 12.1.
0
u. Revise Section 12.4.
0
v. Revise Sections 12.6 and 12.9.
0
w. Revise Equation 7E-12 in Section 12.11.
[[Page 29696]]
0
x. Revise Section 13.5.
0
y. Revise the third sentence in paragraph (1) of Section 16.2.2.
0
z. Remove and reserve paragraph (2) and remove paragraph (3) of Section
16.2.2.
0
aa. Revise Section 16.3.
0
bb. Revise Table 7E-3.
0
cc. Revise Table 7E-5.
Method 7E--Determination of Nitrogen Oxides Emissions From Stationary
Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)
* * * * *
3.3 Calibration Gas means the gas mixture containing NOX
at a known concentration and produced and certified in accordance with
``EPA Traceability Protocol for Assay and Certification of Gaseous
Calibration Standards,'' September 1997, as amended August 25, 1999,
EPA-600/R-97/121 or more recent updates. The tests for analyzer
calibration error, drift, and system bias require the use of
calibration gas prepared according to this protocol. If a zero gas is
used for the low-level gas, it must meet the requirements under the
definition for ``zero air material'' in 40 CFR 72.2 in place of being
prepared by the traceability protocol.
* * * * *
3.4 Calibration Span means the upper limit of the analyzer's
calibration that is set by the choice of high-level calibration gas. No
valid run average concentration may exceed the calibration span. To the
extent practicable, the measured emissions should be between 20 to 100
percent of the selected calibration span. This may not be practicable
in some cases of low-concentration measurements or testing for
compliance with an emission limit when emissions are substantially less
than the limit. In such cases, calibration spans that are practicable
to achieving the data quality objectives without being excessively high
should be chosen.
* * * * *
3.9 Drift means the difference between the pre- and post-run system
bias (or system calibration error) checks at a specific calibration gas
concentration level (i.e. low-, mid- or high-).
3.12 * * * An MST subjects the analyzer to a range of line voltages
and temperatures that reflect potential field conditions to demonstrate
its stability following procedures similar to those provided in 40 CFR
53.23. Ambient-level analyzers are exempt from the MST requirements of
Section 16.3. * * *
* * * * *
6.2.2 Particulate Filter. An in-stack or out-of-stack filter. The
filter must be made of material that is non-reactive to the gas being
sampled. The filter media for out-of-stack filters must be included in
the system bias test. The particulate filter requirement may be waived
in applications where no significant particulate matter is expected
(e.g., for emission testing of a combustion turbine firing natural
gas).
* * * * *
6.2.6 Calibration Gas Manifold. * * * In system calibration mode,
the system should be able to flood the sampling probe and vent excess
gas. * * *
* * * * *
6.2.8.2 Low Concentration Analyzer. When an analyzer is routinely
calibrated with a calibration span of 20 ppmv or less, the
manufacturer's stability test (MST) is required. See Table 7E-5 for
test parameters.
* * * * *
7.1 Calibration Gas. * * * If a zero gas is used for the low-level
gas, it must meet the requirements under the definition for ``zero air
material'' in 40 CFR 72.2.
* * *
7.1.4 Converter Efficiency Gas. What reagents do I need for the
converter efficiency test? The converter efficiency gas is a
manufacturer-certified gas with a concentration sufficient to show NO2
conversion at the concentrations encountered in the source. A test gas
concentration in the 40 to 60 ppm range is suggested, but other
concentrations may be more appropriate to specific sources. For the
test described in Section 8.2.4.1, NO2 is required. For the alternative
converter efficiency tests in Section 16.2, NO is required.
* * * * *
7.2 Interference Check. What reagents do I need for the
interference check? Use the appropriate test gases listed in Table 7E-3
or others not listed that can potentially interfere (as indicated by
the test facility type, instrument manufacturer, etc.) to conduct the
interference check. These gases should be manufacturer certified but do
not have to be prepared by the EPA traceability protocol.
* * * * *
8.1.2 Determination of Stratification. Perform a stratification
test at each test site to determine the appropriate number of sample
traverse points. If testing for multiple pollutants or diluents at the
same site, a stratification test using only one pollutant or diluent
satisfies this requirement. A stratification test is not required for
small stacks that are less than 4 inches in diameter * * *
* * * * *
8.2.1 Calibration Gas Verification. * * * Obtain a certificate from
the gas manufacturer documenting the quality of the gas. * * *
* * * * *
8.2.4 NO2 to NO Conversion Efficiency. Before or after each field
test, you must conduct an NO2 to NO conversion efficiency test if your
system converts NO2 to NO before analyzing for NOX. You may
risk testing multiple facilities before performing this test provided
you pass this test at the conclusion of the final facility test. A
failed final conversion efficiency test in this case will invalidate
all tests performed subsequent to the test in which the converter
efficiency test was passed. * * *
8.2.4.1. Introduce NO2 converter efficiency gas to the
analyzer in direct calibration mode and record the NOX
concentration displayed by the analyzer. Calculate the converter
efficiency using Equation 7E-7 in Section 12.7. The specification for
converter efficiency in Section 13.5 must be met. The user is cautioned
that state-of-the-art NO2 calibration gases may have limited shelf
lives, and this could affect the ability to pass the 90-percent
conversion efficiency requirement.
8.2.7 Interference Check. * * *
(1) You may introduce the appropriate interference test gases (that
are potentially encountered during a test, see examples in Table 7E-3)
into the analyzer separately or as mixtures. Test the analyzer with the
interference gas alone at the highest concentration expected at a test
source and again with the interference gas and NOX at a
representative NOX test concentration. * * *
(2) * * * This interference test is valid for the life of the
instrument unless major analytical components (e.g., the detector) are
replaced with different model parts. If major components are replaced
with different model parts, the interference gas check must be repeated
before returning the analyzer to service.
* * * * *
8.4 Sample Collection.
(1) Position the probe at the first sampling point. Purge the
system for at least two times the response time before recording any
data. Then, traverse all required sampling points, sampling at each
point for an equal length of time and maintaining the appropriate
sample flow rate or dilution ratio (as applicable). You must record at
least
[[Page 29697]]
one valid data point per minute during the test run.
(2) Each time the probe is removed from the stack and replaced, you
must recondition the sampling system for at least two times the system
response time prior to your next recording. If the average of any run
exceeds the calibration span value, that run is invalid.
* * * * *
8.5 Post-Run System Bias Check and Drift Assessment.
How do I confirm that each sample I collect is valid? After each
run, repeat the system bias check or 2-point system calibration error
check (for dilution systems) to validate the run. Do not make
adjustments to the measurement system (other than to maintain the
target sampling rate or dilution ratio) between the end of the run and
the completion of the post-run system bias or system calibration error
check. Note that for all post-run system bias or 2-point system
calibration error checks, you may inject the low-level gas first and
the upscale gas last, or vice-versa. You may risk sampling for multiple
runs before performing the post-run bias or system calibration error
check provided you pass this test at the conclusion of the group of
runs. A failed final test in this case will invalidate all runs
subsequent to the last passed test.
(1) If you do not pass the post-run system bias (or system
calibration error) check, then the run is invalid. You must diagnose
and fix the problem and pass another calibration error test (Section
8.2.3) and system bias (or 2-point system calibration error) check
(Section 8.2.5) before repeating the run. Record the system bias (or
system calibration error) results on a form similar to Table 7E-2.
* * * * *
9.0 Quality Control
Summary Table of QA/QC
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Status Process or element QA/QC specification Acceptance criteria Checking frequency
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * * * * * *
M.................. System Performance.. NO2-NO conversion >= 90% of certified test Before or after each
efficiency. gas concentration. test.
* * * * * * *
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* * *
10.0 Calibration and Standardization
* * *
(1) * * * Analyzers that measure NO and NO2 separately without
using a converter must be calibrated with both NO and NO2.
* * * * *
12.1 Nomenclature. * * *
Cnative = NOX concentration in the stack gas as
calculated in Section 12.6, ppmv.
* * *
CO = Average of the initial and final system calibration bias (or
2-point system calibration error) check responses from the low-level
(or zero) calibration gas, ppmv.
COA = Actual concentration of the low-level calibration gas, ppmv.
* * *
DF = Dilution system dilution factor or spike gas dilution factor,
dimensionless.
* * *
SBfinal = Post-run system bias, percent of calibration span.
* * * * *
12.4 System Calibration Error. Use Equation 7E-3 to calculate the
system calibration error for dilution systems. Equation 7E-3 applies to
both the initial 3-point system calibration error test and the
subsequent 2-point calibration error checks between test runs. In this
equation, the term ``Cs'' refers to the diluted calibration gas
concentration measured by the analyzer.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22MY08.000
* * * * *
12.6 Effluent Gas Concentration. For each test run, calculate Cavg,
the arithmetic average of all valid NOX concentration values
(e.g., 1-minute averages). Then adjust the value of Cavg for bias using
Equation 7E-5a if you use a non-zero gas as your low-level calibration
gas, or Equation 7E-5b if you use a zero gas as your low-level
calibration gas.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22MY08.001
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22MY08.002
* * * * *
12.9 Alternative NO2 Converter Efficiency. If the alternative
procedure of Section 16.2.2 is used, determine the NOX
concentration decrease from NOXPeak after the minimum 30-minute test
interval using Equation 7E-9. This decrease from NOXPeak must meet the
[[Page 29698]]
requirement in Section 13.5 for the converter to be acceptable.
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22MY08.003
* * * * *
12.11 Calculated Spike Gas Concentration and Spike Recovery for the
Example Alternative Dynamic Spiking Procedure in Section 16.1.3. * * *
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22MY08.004
* * * * *
13.5 NO2 to NO Conversion Efficiency Test (as applicable). The NO2
to NO conversion efficiency, calculated according to Equation 7E-7,
must be greater than or equal to 90 percent. The alternative conversion
efficiency check, described in Section 16.2.2 and calculated according
to Equation 7E-9, must not result in a decrease from NOXPeak by more
than 2.0 percent.
* * * * *
16.2.2 Tedlar Bag Procedure. * * * Fill the remainder of the bag
with mid- to high-level NO in nitrogen (or other appropriate
concentration) calibration gas.
* * * * *
16.3 Manufacturer's Stability Test. A manufacturer's stability test
is required for all analyzers that routinely measure emissions below 20
ppmv and is optional but recommended for other analyzers. This test
evaluates each analyzer model by subjecting it to the tests listed in
Table 7E-5 following procedures similar to those in 40 CFR 53.23 for
thermal stability and insensitivity to supply voltage variations. If
the analyzer will be used under temperature conditions that are outside
the test conditions in Table B-4 of Part 53.23, alternative test
temperatures that better reflect the analyzer field environment should
be used. Alternative procedures or documentation that establish the
analyzer's stability over the appropriate line voltages and
temperatures are acceptable.
* * * * *
Table 7E-3.--Example Interference Check Gas Concentrations
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Concentrations\2\ sample conditioning
type
Potential interferent gas\1\ --------------------------------------
Hot wet Dried
------------------------------------------------------------------------
CO2.............................. 5 and 15% 5 and 15%
H2O.............................. 25% 1%
NO............................... 15 ppmv 15 ppmv
NO2.............................. 15 ppmv 15 ppmv
N2O.............................. 10 ppmv 10 ppmv
CO............................... 50 ppmv 50 ppmv
NH3.............................. 10 ppmv 10 ppmv
CH4.............................. 50 ppmv 50 ppmv
SO2.............................. 20 ppmv 20 ppmv
H2............................... 50 ppmv 50 ppmv
HCl.............................. 10 ppmv 10 ppmv
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\(1)\ Any applicable gas may be eliminated or tested at a reduced level
if the manufacturer has provided reliable means for limiting or
scrubbing that gas to a specified level.
\(2)\ As practicable, gas concentrations should be the highest expected
at test sites.
* * * * *
Table 7E-5.--Manufacturer Stability Test
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Test description Acceptance criteria (note 1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thermal Stability............ Temperature range when drift does not
exceed 3.0% of analyzer range over a 12-
hour run when measured with NOX present
@ 80% of calibration span.
Fault Conditions............. Identify conditions which, when they
occur, result in performance which is
not in compliance with the
Manufacturer's Stability Test criteria.
These are to be indicated visually or
electrically to alert the operator of
the problem.
Insensitivity to Supply 10.0% (or manufacturers
Voltage Variations. alternative) variation from nominal
voltage must produce a drift of <= 2.0%
of calibration span for either zero or
concentration >= 80% NOX present.
Analyzer Calibration Error... For a low-, medium-, and high-calibration
gas, the difference between the
manufacturer certified value and the
analyzer response in direct calibration
mode, no more than 2.0% of calibration
span.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note 1: If the instrument is to be used as a Low Range analyzer, all
tests must be performed at a calibration span of 20 ppm or less.
* * * * *
Appendix A-7--[Amended]
0
5. Amend Method 20 by adding a sentence to the end of Section 8.4 to
read as follows:
Method 20--Determination of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in
Emissions From Stationary Sources (Instrumental Analyzer Procedure)
* * * * *
8.4 Sample Collection. * * * A test run must have a duration of at
least 21 minutes.
* * * * *
[FR Doc. E8-11398 Filed 5-21-08; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6560-50-P