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1993 Commodity Flow Survey
Commodity Movements Summary
New Jersey
In New Jersey, the CFS measured $253 billion
of goods weighing 180 million tons. New Jersey accounted for
approximately 4 percent of the value and 2 percent of the weight
of total U.S. shipments. See attached table. The CFS data cover
shipments by establishments in mining, manufacturing, wholesale,
and selected retail and service industries. The data exclude
most shipments of crude oil; therefore, the totals and percentages
do not fully reflect the contribution of pipeline shipments.
The major commodities shipped by establishments
vary when ranked by value and by weight of the shipments. The
major commodities by value were: chemicals or allied products;
food or kindred products; electrical machinery, equipment, or
supplies; apparel or other textile products; and transportation
equipment. The most important commodity by weight was petroleum
or coal products. Other important commodities by weight were:
nonmetallic minerals; food or kindred products; chemicals or allied
products; and clay, concrete, glass, or stone products.
Local transportation of freight is important
to New Jersey's commerce. The distribution of commodities by
domestic destination and distance of shipments reflects the importance
of local transport. The CFS shows that in 1993, about 31 percent
of the value and 59 percent of the weight of total shipments from
New Jersey were shipped to destinations within the state.
About 37 percent of the value and about 60 percent of the
weight of all shipments were between places less than 50 miles
apart. In comparison, about 30 percent of the value and 56 percent
of the weight of total U.S. shipments were between places less
than 50 miles apart. In New Jersey, about 50 percent of the value
of shipments and 76 percent of the weight of shipments were between
places less than 100 miles apart.
More than two-thirds (69 percent) of the
value and less than half (41 percent) of the weight of all shipments
from New Jersey went to other states. The most important destination
by value of shipments was New York. Other important destination
states were: Pennsylvania, California, Massachusetts, and Texas.
Important destination states by weight of shipments were: New
York, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Maryland.
Most commodities (78 percent of the value
and about 76 percent of the weight) were moved by trucks. Rail
accounted for about 1 percent of the value and 2 percent of the
weight of shipments. Pipelines were used to move 6 percent of
the weight of shipments. The CFS data confirm the rising importance
of parcel, U.S. postal, and courier services that have emerged
in recent years. In 1993, this mode of transport was used to
ship 944,000 tons of goods worth about $35 billion or 14 percent
of the value of all shipments in New Jersey. In comparison, about
9 percent of the value of total U.S. shipments were moved by this
mode.
The Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) is a comprehensive effort to
learn where and how goods are shipped in the U.S. The CFS measures
shipments of commodities by establishments with paid employees
and engaged in manufacturing, mining, wholesale trade, or selected
retail and services industries. Prior commodity surveys covered
shipments only by manufacturing firms. Commodity flows are estimated
for a universe of approximately 900,000 establishments.
Data collected on individual shipments include total value, total
weight, commodity type, modes of transport, domestic origin and
destination; data for export shipments include the city and country
of destination, mode and port of exit. Information is also be
obtained on whether shipments are containerized or a hazardous
material. Some firms provided data concerning on-site shipping
facilities and access to shipping facilities, plus data on ownership
and leasing of transportation equipment.
The CFS is conducted by the Bureau of the Census as part of the
Economic Census. Funding and technical guidance is provided by
the U.S. Department of Transportation. Initiated for 1993, the
CFS is scheduled for 1997 and every 5 years thereafter for years
ending in 2 and 7. Commodity surveys were conducted between 1963
and 1982, but data for 1982 were not published. No data were collected
for 1987. Participants will report for a sample of shipments during
a 2-week period each quarter during the reporting year.
The CFS is a mail-out/mail-back survey of 200,000 sampled employer
establishments in selected industries. Establishments were selected
by stratified sample, with strata based on geographic location
and industry. Geographic strata are the 89 National Transportation
Analysis Regions(NTARs), which provide nationwide coverage and
are aggregations of Bureau of Economic Analysis economic areas.
Within the strata, all establishments with annualized employment
above a specified cutoff were selected with certainty, and the
remaining smaller establishments were sampled with probability
proportional to annualized payroll.
For 1993, each sampled establishment reported on a sample of
individual shipments during a 2 week period in each calendar quarter.
In addition, about 20,000 establishments will provide information
on transportation facilities and arrangements in their final reporting
period.
For further information about survey design and printed products,
contact the Commodity Flow Survey Branch, Services Division, Bureau
of the Census, Washington, DC 20233, or by calling 301/457-2805
or 2114. For information on related data programs and studies,
contact the Bureau of Transportation Statistics at 202/366-DATA
for voice, 202/366-3640 for fax, or CFS@BTS.GOV for e-mail.
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