Worker Health Chartbook 2004

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1		Figure 1-1 Distribution of the civilian labor force by age, 1980-2000 and projected to 2010. Since 1980, the age distribution of the labor force has shifted. By 2010, middle and older age groups in the labor force will outnumber younger workers. (Sources: BLS [2002a]; Fullerton and Toossi [2001].)
2		Figure 1-27 Distribution of hours worked and occupational injury and illness cases with days away from work in private industry by age of worker, 2001. For workers aged 20-44, the percentage of total injuries and illnesses was greater than the percentage of total hours worked. Together, these workers accounted for the majority of injured or ill workers. (Source: BLS [2001]; BLS [2003c].)
3		Figure 1-28 Median days away from work due to occupational injuries and illnesses in private industry by age of worker, 2001. The median number of days away from work due to nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses increased as the age of the worker increased. The median number of days away from work was 6 for all cases in 2001. (Source: BLS [2003c].)
4		Figure 2-3 Distribution and number of anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorder cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 5,589 of the 5,659 BLS-estimated anxiety, stress, and neurotic disorder cases involving days away from work in 2001. Younger age groups accounted for the majority of cases. Workers aged 25-34 accounted for 1,426 or 25.5% of cases, and workers aged 35-44 accounted for 1,576 or 28.2% of cases. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003a].)
5		Figure 2-19 Distribution of fatal occupational injuries by age of worker, 2002. In 2002, two-thirds of all fatally injured workers were aged 25-54. The highest percentage and number of fatalities (25.4% or 1,402 cases) were reported for workers aged 35-44. (Source: BLS [2003].)
6		Figure 2-30 Distribution of noise-induced hearing loss cases in Michigan by age of patient and type of report (company or noncompany), 2000. Company reports indicated that workers aged 40-49 and 50-59 had the highest percentages of noise-induced hearing loss cases (36% and 33.8%, respectively) in 2000. Noncompany and company reports indicated nearly equal percentages of cases among workers aged 50-59. Age was unknown for 11 workers reported by company medical departments and for 40 workers reported by noncompany hearing health professionals. The hearing loss reports from companies involve a younger working age population enrolled in a hearing conservation program. (Source: Rosenman and Reilly [2002].)
7		Figure 2-39 Distribution of MSD cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 518,397 of the 522,528 BLS-estimated MSD cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 78.9% of cases, slightly greater than the 75.2% reported for all nonfatal injury and illness cases. (Source: BLS [2003d].)
8		Figure 2-47 Distribution and number of CTS cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 26,581 of the 26,794 BLS-estimated CTS cases involving days away from work in 2001. Workers aged 25-54 accounted for 22,213 cases or 83.6%. Workers aged 35-44 accounted for 34.0% and those aged 45-54 accounted for 30.4%. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003b].)
9		Figure 2-62 Distribution and number of tendonitis cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 13,990 of the 14,124 BLS-estimated tendonitis cases involving days away from work in 2001. Workers aged 35-44 accounted for 4,686 or 33.5% of cases. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003c].)
10		Figure 2-71 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses treated in hospital emergency departments, by age of worker, 1999. An estimated 3.9 million occupational injuries and illnesses were treated in hospital emergency departments among all industry and occupation groups for workers aged 15 and older. The highest numbers of these injuries and illnesses occurred among workers aged 25-44, and the highest rates were among workers aged 15-24. The overall rate was 3.0 per 100 full-time workers. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
11		Figure 2-80 Numbers and rates of nonfatal occupational amputations treated in hospital emergency departments, by age of worker, 1999. An estimated 19,700 occupational amputations were treated in hospital emergency departments-about 0.5% of all injuries and illnesses treated in hospital emergency departments among workers aged 15 and older. The number of cases corresponded to a rate of 1.5 amputations per 10,000 full-time workers. The highest rate of occupational amputations treated in hospital emergency departments occurred among workers under age 25; however, the greatest number occurred among workers aged 35-44. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
12		Figure 2-81 Distribution of amputation cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 8,475 of the 8,612 BLS-estimated amputation cases involving days away from work in 2001. Three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 73.7% of cases, slightly less than the 75.2% reported for all nonfatal injury and illness cases. The largest difference is noted for workers under age 25, who accounted for 17.1% of amputation cases compared with 14.3% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. (Source: BLS [2003a].)
13		Figure 2-91 Distribution of back injury cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 369,351 of the 372,683 BLS-estimated back injury cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 78.5% of back injury cases, slightly more than the 75.2% reported for all nonfatal injury and illness cases. (Source: BLS [2003a].)
14		Figure 2-100 Distribution of bruise and contusion cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 134,783 of the 136,361 BLS-estimated bruise and contusion cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 70.5% of bruise and contusion cases compared with 75.2% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. More workers were under age 25 among bruise and contusion cases (18.1%) than among all nonfatal injury and illness cases (14.3%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
15		Figure 2-109 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational burns treated in an emergency department, by age of worker, 1999. In 1999, more than 142,000 occupational burns of all types (thermal, chemical, and radiation) were treated in emergency departments for workers aged 15 and older. The rate of these burns was about 11 per 10,000 full-time workers. Workers under age 25 had an incidence rate that was 2 to 5 times the rates for older age groups. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
16		Figure 2-110 Distribution of heat burn and scald cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 24,244 of the 25,078 BLS-estimated heat burn and scald cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 67.4% of heat burn and scald cases compared with 75.2% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. More workers were under age 35 in heat burn and scald cases (54.3%) than in all nonfatal injury and illness cases (39.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
17		Figure 2-120 Distribution of cut and laceration cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 113,072 of the 114,791 BLS-estimated cut and laceration cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 69.4% of cases compared with 75.2% reported for all nonfatal injury and illness cases. More workers were under age 35 in cut and laceration cases (51.1%) than in all nonfatal injury and illness cases (39.9%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
18		Figure 2-129 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational fractures treated in emergency departments, by age of worker, 1999. In 1999, an estimated 210,000 occupational fractures were treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments. This number corresponded to a rate of 15.9 fractures per 10,000 full-time workers. Although workers aged 35-44 experienced the highest number of fractures, workers aged 15-24 had the highest rate of fractures. Workers aged 55 and older had the smallest number of fractures, but they experienced a slightly higher rate of fractures than workers aged 25-54. (Sources: NEISS [2003]; Jackson [2003].)
19		Figure 2-130 Distribution of fracture cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 107,001 of the 108,127 BLS-estimated fracture cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 71% of fracture cases and 75.2% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. More workers were aged 45 or older in fracture cases (40.8%) than in all nonfatal injury and illness cases (31.3%). (Source: BLS [2003a].)
20		Figure 2-140 Distribution of sprain, strain, and tear cases and all nonfatal injury and illness cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 663,779 of the 669,889 BLS-estimated sprain, strain, and tear cases involving days away from work in 2001. Overall, three age groups (25-34, 35-44, and 45-54) accounted for 77.8% of sprain, strain, and tear cases compared with 75.2% of all nonfatal injury and illness cases. (Source: BLS [2003a].)
21		Figure 2-155 Incidence rates of pesticide-related illness by age and industry, 1998-1999. Among industry sectors, agriculture accounted for the highest incidence rates of pesticide-related illness, ranging from 5 to 27 cases per 100,000 full-time workers. Rates were highest among younger workers, peaking among those aged 20-24, and decreasing with increasing age. (Sources: NIOSH [2002d]; Calvert [2002].)
22		Figure 2-210 Distribution and number of dermatitis cases involving days away from work in private industry by age, 2001. Age data are available for 4,658 of the 4,714 BLS-estimated dermatitis cases involving days away from work. Workers aged 25-34 accounted for 1,267 cases or 27.2%, and workers aged 35-44 accounted for 1,189 cases or 25.5%. (Sources: BLS [2003a,b]; Booth-Jones et al. [2003d].)
23		Figure 3-3 Fatal occupational injury rates in the agriculture, forestry, and fishing industry and the private sector by age, 1992-2001. (Fatality data exclude New York City.) During 1992-2001, fatal occupational injury rates in agriculture, forestry, and fishing were higher in every age group than in the private sector. The rates in agriculture ranged from 13.7 per 100,000 for workers aged 16-24 to 62.0 for workers older than 64. These differences increase with age. The greatest differences were noted for workers aged 55 or older. (Sources: BLS [2002a]; Myers [2003].)
24		Figure 3-10 Age distribution for unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20, 1982-1996. Youths aged 15-19 accounted for the most unintentional on-farm deaths (742) during 1982-1996, and youths under age 5 accounted for the next highest number of these deaths (527). (Sources: NCHS [2002]; Adekoya and Pratt [2001].)
25		Figure 3-11 Unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 by cause of death, 1982-1996. During 1982-1996, unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 most frequently involved machinery (773 fatalities), drowning (585 fatalities), or firearms (237 fatalities). (Sources: NCHS [2002]; Adekoya and Pratt [2001].)
26		Figure 3-12 Unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 by State, 1982-1996. During 1982-1996, the highest numbers of unintentional on-farm deaths of youths under age 20 were reported by Texas (204), Pennsylvania (109), Iowa (107), Missouri (106), and Wisconsin (105). (Sources: NCHS [2002]; Adekoya and Pratt [2001].)
27		Figure 3-15 Number of nonfatal occupational farming injuries by State, 1993-1995. During 1993-1995, the highest numbers of nonfatal occupational farming injuries occurred in California (12,695), Minnesota (11,847), Iowa (11,137), and Wisconsin (10,173). (Note: For reporting purposes, the following States were combined: Alaska and Washington; Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island; Delaware and Maryland; Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont; Montana and Wyoming; and Nevada and Utah.) (Sources: NIOSH [2001b]; Myers [2001c].)
28		Figure 3-16 Rates of nonfatal occupational farming injuries by State, 1993-1995. Mississippi had the highest rate of nonfatal occupational farming injury (14.5 per 100 full-time workers), followed by Alaska and Washington (combined injury rate of 14.3), Arizona (13.7), Ohio (13.1), and Colorado (11.3). (Note: For reporting purposes, the following States were combined: Alaska and Washington; Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Rhode Island; Delaware and Maryland; Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont; Montana and Wyoming; and Nevada and Utah.) (Sources: BLS [2002b]; NIOSH [2001b]; Myers [2001c].)
29		Figure 3-20 Number and rate of all nonfatal on-farm injuries to youths under age 20 by relationship to the farm, 1998. In 1998, farm youths accounted for 25,768 nonfatal on-farm injuries, both occupational and nonoccupational. Household farm youths had a higher overall nonfatal injury rate (1.87 per 100) than youths hired to work on the farm (0.32 per 100). (Note: A probability sample was used to produce different injury estimates. Because of rounding in calculating these estimates, data may not sum to the totals.) (Source: Myers and Hendricks [2001].)
30		Figure 3-21 Number and rate of nonfatal occupational on-farm injuries to youths under age 20 by relationship to the farm, 1998. In 1998, farm youths under age 20 accounted for 12,382 nonfatal occupational on-farm injuries. Youth visitors and hired youths accounted for similar numbers of occupational injuries (2,208 and 2,127 injuries, respectively). Household farm youths had a higher overall occupational injury rate than youths hired to work on the farm. (Note: A probability sample was used to produce different injury estimates. Because of rounding in calculating these estimates, data may not sum to the totals.) (Source: Myers and Hendricks [2001].)
31		Figure 3-22 Number and rate of all nonfatal on-farm injuries to youths under age 20 by region, 1998. In 1998, the Midwest region of the United States had the highest number of all nonfatal on-farm injuries to youths under age 20 (12,040 injuries), whereas the West had the highest rate of these injuries (1.38 per 100 youths). (Source: Myers and Hendricks [2001].)
32		Figure 3-23 Number and rate of occupational on-farm injuries to youths under age 20 by region, 1998. The Midwest region of the United States had the highest number of occupational on-farm injuries to youths in 1998 (6,107 injuries) as well as the highest occupational injury rate (0.95 per 100 youths). (Source: Myers and Hendricks [2001].)
33		Figure 3-35 Distribution of farm workers by age, 1999. Farm workers were predominately young in 1999, with 85% under age 45. (Sources: DOL [2001]; Steege and Baron [2002].)
34		Figure 3-37 Nonfatal occupational injuries to farm workers by age, 1999. In 1999, the highest number of nonfatal occupational injuries (12,543) occurred among farm workers aged 30-34. However, workers aged 35-39 and 45-49 accounted for similar numbers of injuries (12,130 and 12,211). (Note: A dash in parentheses indicates that no injury data were reported or estimated from the survey for this age group.) (Sources: DOL [2001]; Myers [2001d].)
35		Figure 3-38 Occupational injury rates for farm workers by age, 1999. In 1999, nonfatal occupational injury rates for farm workers increased with age, peaking at 11.2 per 100 workers aged 45-54 and declining steeply for workers aged 55-64. (Note: A dash in parentheses indicates that no injury data were reported or estimated from the survey for this age group; thus no rate estimates were made.) (Sources: DOL [2001]; Myers [2001d].)
36		Figure 4-12 Distribution of lost-workday injuries by age of worker and type of employer and commodity, 2002. The proportion of injured workers above age 44 at the time of injury was highest among coal and metal operator workers and lowest among coal-independent contractor workers. Conversely, the proportion of injured workers under age 25 was highest among coal-independent contractor workers, sand and gravel operator workers, and stone operator workers. (Sources: MSHA [2003]; NIOSH [2003a].)
37		Figure 4-18 Mean hearing thresholds over a range of frequencies (0.5-6.0 kilohertz) among black and white male sand and gravel workers and a population unexposed to workplace noise, by age, 2000. Hearing loss among black and white male sand and gravel workers was greater than hearing loss among a population that was unexposed to workplace noise. Different patterns of hearing loss were observed for black and white workers: Most statistically significant differences in hearing thresholds occurred among the younger white workers (those aged 20-29 and 30-39) and among the older black workers (those aged 40-49 and 50-59). (Sources: Royster and Thomas [1979]; Royster et al. [1980]; NIOSH [2003a,c].)
38		Figure 4-21 Distribution of fatal occupational injuries among construction workers by age, 1992 and 2001. The construction workforce has been growing older: In 2001, the average age for construction workers was 38.7 (1.5 years older than it was in 1992). In addition, the median age increased from 35 to 39 during this 10-year period. The aging of the construction workforce is reflected in the distribution of fatal occupational injuries in this group by age. From 1992 to 2001, the largest proportion of fatal occupational injuries shifted from construction workers aged 25-34 to those aged 35-44. For construction workers aged 25 or 34, the proportion with fatal injuries declined (from 27.8% to 21.7%), whereas it increased for workers aged 65 or older (from 3.9% to 5.9%). (Sources: BLS [2002b,c]; Dong et al. [2004].)
39		Figure 5-1 Number and rate of fatal occupational injuries by age of worker, 2002. Workers aged 25-54 accounted for 3,672 or 66.5% of the 5,524 fatal occupational injuries in 2002. Fatality rates ranged from 1.1 per 100,000 among workers aged 16-17 to 11.5 per 100,000 among workers aged 65 and older. Fatalities among workers aged 65 and older accounted for 9% (494 fatalities) of all fatal occupational injuries. (Note: Labor force data are unavailable for youths aged 15 and younger. This precludes estimating rates for these workers.) (Source: BLS [2003a].)
40		Figure 5-2 Number and distribution of nonfatal injuries and illnesses involving days away from work in private industry by age of worker, 2001. Younger workers accounted for 45,443 cases or 3.0% of the 1.5 million injury and illness cases involving days away from work for which age was reported. Workers aged 55 and older accounted for 160,231 cases or 10.5%. Age was not reported for 16,930 cases. (Source: BLS [2003b,c].)
41		Figure 5-3 Median days away from work due to occupational injury or illness in private industry by age, 2001. Median days away from work due to injury or illness increased with age. In 2001, workers aged 14-15 and 16-19 had median work losses of 2 and 4 days, respectively. Workers aged 55-64 and 65 and older had median work losses of 10 and 14 days, respectively. (Sources: BLS [2003b,c].)
42		Figure 5-5 Numbers and rates of fatal occupational injuries among workers aged 16-17 and 18-19, 1993-2002. Fatal occupational injury rates declined during this 10-year period from 2 to 1.1 per 100,000 employed workers aged 16-17 and from 3 to 2.2 per 100,000 employed workers aged 18-19. Fatal injury rates were higher each year for workers aged 18-19 compared with workers aged 16-17. The number of fatal injuries ranged from 32 in 1998 to 46 in 1999 for workers aged 16-17, and from 92 in 2002 to 137 in 1998 for workers aged 18-19. (Note: BLS rounded rates to whole numbers for 1993-1995.) (Source: BLS [2003d].)
43		Figure 5-6 Number and distribution of fatal occupational injuries by age among young workers, 1992-2002. Fatal occupational injuries among workers aged 16 and 17 accounted for 158 and 270 fatalities, respectively, or 60.5% of all fatal occupational injuries among workers aged 17 and younger for the period 1992-2002. A significant number of deaths (94 or 13.3% of the total) occurred among youths aged 12 and younger. (Source: BLS [2003d].)
44		Figure 5-19 Occupational injuries among young workers in Massachusetts by age and sex, 1993-1999. Workers aged 16 accounted for 30.0% of occupational injuries among adolescents, and workers aged 17 accounted for 58.3%. Male workers accounted for 62.5% of the adolescents injured. (Source: Davis [2002].)
45		Figure 5-34 Distribution and number of fatal occupational injuries among Hispanic workers by age, 1992-2002. During 1992-2002, workers aged 25-34 had the most fatal occupational injuries (2,310 or 30.1%), followed by workers aged 35-44 (1,929 or 25.1%). (Source: BLS [2003d].)
46		Table 1-1 Number and distribution of employed U.S. workers by age, 2001. U.S. workers aged 25-54 accounted for 96.5 million workers in 2001, or 71.5% of all employed U.S. workers. (Source: BLS [2001].)
47		Table 5-1 Number and distribution of employed workers in major industry groups by age, 2001. Young workers aged 16-19 accounted for 6.9 million or 5.1% of all employed workers, and those aged 55 and older accounted for 18.3 million or 13.6%. Of the young workers aged 16-19, 54.2% were employed in wholesale and retail trade, and 27.5% in services. Of the employed workers aged 55 and older, 40.0% were employed in services, and 17.5% in wholesale and retail trade. (Source: BLS [2001].)

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