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| 1 |  | Figure 2-172 Number of deaths of U.S. residents aged 15 or older with pneumoconiosis recorded as an underlying or contributing cause on the death certificate, 1968-1999. During 1968-1999, deaths from asbestosis increased over time, whereas deaths from CWP decreased. Deaths from all pneumoconioses are shown at the top of each stacked bar. The bars slightly overstate the numbers because a small fraction of deaths was associated with more than one type of pneumoconiosis. (Note: Byssinosis data were not available before 1979. Also note that the sum of deaths for various types of pneumoconiosis (N=123,091) exceeds the total number of pneumoconiosis deaths (N=121,982) because some decedents had more than one type of pneumoconiosis recorded on their death certificates.) (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 2 |  | Figure 2-173 Distribution of pneumoconiosis deaths in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by sex, 1990-1999. Men accounted for more than 98% of the 31,452 decedents with any type of pneumoconiosis during 1990-1999. However, an unusually large proportion of byssinosis decedents (33%) were female. (Note: The sum of deaths for various types of pneumoconiosis exceeds the total number of pneumoconiosis deaths because some decedents had more than one type of pneumoconiosis.) (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 3 |  | Figure 2-174 Distribution of pneumoconiosis deaths in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by race, 1990-1999. During 1990-1999, decedents with pneumoconiosis were predominantly white. Less than 4% of CWP deaths occurred among nonwhite residents. By contrast, 15% of silicosis decedents were nonwhite. (Note: The sum of deaths for various types of pneumoconiosis exceeds the total number of pneumoconiosis deaths because some decedents had more than one type of pneumoconiosis.) (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 4 |  | Figure 2-189 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by source of report, 1993-1997. During 1993-1997, hospitals were the largest source of reports (74.8%) for identifying the largest proportion of confirmed cases of silicosis (74.8%), followed by health care professionals (15.6%). (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
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| 5 |  | Figure 2-190 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by occupation, 1993-1997. The largest proportion of silicosis cases (67.4%) occurred among operators, fabricators, and laborers during 1993-1997. (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
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| 6 |  | Figure 2-191 Distribution and number of silicosis cases for all three reporting SENSOR States (Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio) by industry, 1993-1997. The largest proportion of silicosis cases occurred in manufacturing (85.8%), followed by construction (7.8%). (Sources: Rosenman et al. [2002b]; Socie and Migliozzi [2002]; Valiante and Schill [2002b]; Filios [2002b].)
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| 7 |  | Figure 2-192 Number of deaths of U.S. residents aged 15 or older with silicosis recorded as an underlying or contributing cause on the death certificate, 1968-1999. The number of silicosis deaths declined sharply from 1,157 deaths in 1968 to 187 deaths in 1990. Silicosis was listed as the underlying cause of death in nearly half of all silicosis deaths from 1990 to 1999. (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 8 |  | Figure 2-193 Age-adjusted mortality rates for silicosis in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by State, 1990-1997. States with the highest silicosis mortality rates during 1990-1999 were regionally dispersed: West Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Vermont make up the eastern cluster; and Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah constitute the western cluster. Mortality rates for each of these States were at least three times the rate of 1.21 per million for the entire United States. (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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| 9 |  | Figure 2-194 PMRs and 95% confidence intervals for silicosis in U.S. residents aged 15 or older by industry and occupation, adjusted for age, race, and sex, 1990-1999. During 1990-1999, metal mining was associated with the highest significant silicosis PMR among industries. Among occupations, miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators had the highest silicosis PMR. (Note: This figure presents the highest significant PMRs based on 10 or more deaths.) (Source: NIOSH [2002f].)
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