2007 Annual Report 1a.Objectives (from AD-416) The objective of this research was to determine the tolerance of lesquerella seedlings to alternative pre and postemergence herbicides. Broad spectrum weed control is essential for lesquerella [Lesquerella fendleri (Gray) Wats., Brassicaceae] production. Weed competition is particularly critical prior to closure of the lesquerella canopy, a point sometimes not reached until several months after planting. Weed seedlings can emerge in early fall and interfere with lesquerella growth and establishment. 1b.Approach (from AD-416) The study will be planted at the University of Arizona, Maricopa Agricultural Center and at Pecos, Texas. Efficacy and crop safety of lesquerella to preemergence herbicides will be evaluated during stand establishment under flood and sprinkler irrigation with a split-plot experimental design. Main plot factor is application time of preemergence herbicides and the sub-plot factor is the various herbicide treatments. Seven different herbicides will be tested and compared to untreated plots. The weed control efficacy and crop safety of postemergence herbicides during stand establishment in flood irrigated level fields will also be studied. Ten different herbicides will be tested at different rates along with 4 other treatments that combine two herbicides and compared to untreated plots. Seedling density will be determined prior to spraying in each plot by counting the seedlings in a 0.25 m2 quadrat. 3.Progress Report This report serves to document research conducted under a Specific Cooperative Agreement between ARS and the University of Arizona. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5347-21410-004-00D, Evaluation, Improvement and Development of New Alternative Industrial Crops. Efficacy and crop safety of lesquerella to preemergence herbicides was evaluated during stand establishment under flood and sprinkler irrigation with a split-plot experimental design. Main plot factor is application time of preemergence herbicides and the sub-plot factor is the various herbicide treatments. Seven different herbicides were tested and compared to untreated plots. The weed control efficacy and crop safety of postemergence herbicides during stand establishment in flood irrigated level fields were also studied. Ten different herbicides were tested at different rates along with 4 other treatments that combine two herbicides and compared to untreated plots. Seedling density was determined prior to spraying in each plot by counting the seedlings in a 0.25 m2 quadrat. Research progress was monitored by frequent communication with the scientist conducting the research. It is also being reported at the Association for the Advancement of Industrial Crops (AAIC) annual meeting in October 2007.