2005 Annual Report 4d.Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and Iowa State University. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 3625-21000-044-00D, "Plant Genetic Resource and Information Management." In FY 2004, approximately 155 accessions native to Arizona and NM were obtained from the North Central Regional Plant Introduction Station’s maize curator, and grown with appropriate control varieties in two locations, Ames, IA and Farmington, NM. In the summer of 2004 and winter of 2005, morphological and phenological traits were evaluated from plots grown in both sites, ears were harvested from both sites, and digital images were captured of plants, seeds, ears and various plant structures. DNA from 12 plants of each variety was collected using Whatman™ DNA Capture Cards. The SW Native American maize varieties are not adapted to growing conditions in Ames, IA; they are difficult to grow to maturity because of disease pressure, and exhibit genotype by environmental variation that makes it difficult to interpret the data from diverse locations in a combined analysis. For these reasons the entire experiment is being grown for a second season (2005) in Farmington, NM only. Data will be collected and combined for analysis with 2004 multi-location data as appropriate. DNA collected from 2004 and 2005 will be used in future studies that are outside the scope of this project.