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Health Topics
Sexual Behaviors
School Health Guidelines
Technical Update for
School Health Guidelines, 2003
Based on the current research, this technical update revises
information contained in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Supplement, Guidelines for Effective School Health Education to Prevent
the Spread of AIDS, published on January 29, 1988.
- Original: "The Purpose of Effective Education about AIDS" section
lists five types of behavior that should be practiced by persons at risk
of acquiring HIV infection. The list includes "Using a latex condom with spermicide if they engage in sexual intercourse."
Revised: Based on current research, the phrase "with spermicide" was
deleted.
And
Original: The "Content" section for Junior High/Senior High School
includes the statement: "Additional protection may be obtained by using spermicides that seem active against HIV and other sexually transmitted
organisms in conjunction with condoms."
Revised: Based on current research this statement was deleted.
Rationale: Spermicides, including the spermicide Nonoxynol-9, are not
effective in preventing HIV infection, cervical gonorrhea, or chlamydia. A
UNAIDS study found that Nonoxynol-9 did not protect against HIV infection
and may have caused more transmission.
For more information:
Nonoxynol-9 Spermicide Contraception Use—United
States, 1999
- Original: The "Content" section for Late Elementary/Middle
School includes the statement: "Most infected people who develop
symptoms of AIDS only live about 2 years after their symptoms are
diagnosed."
Revised: "Scientists have developed drugs that can help
people infected with HIV live longer and healthier lives. In the United
States and other countries where new treatments are available, people
who know they are HIV positive can take medicines that keep them healthy
for a long time. It is important for people at risk for HIV to be tested
and seek treatment if they are infected."
Rationale: Scientists have developed an effective battery of
drugs that can help people infected with HIV live longer and healthier
lives. Although the early optimism about new treatments for HIV has been
diminished somewhat by the emergence of resistant viral strains, the
prognosis for individuals infected with the HIV virus remains far better
than in the past.
For more information:
HIV Infection
and AIDS: An Overview and
Update:
AIDS—United States, 2000
- Original: Appendix II provided an epidemiological analysis of
the extent of AIDS and indicators of adolescent risk as of 1987.
Revised: Appendix II was deleted and new links for updated
epidemiological data were added.
Rationale: Epidemiological information was outdated. Current
epidemiological information may be obtained from the following sources:
HIV/AIDS Among
America's Youth
Adolescent Sexual Risk Behavior
Trends in Sexual Risk Behaviors Among High School Students—United
States, 1991–2001
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