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Table 13. Summary of other red hake diet studies for the
coastal Middle Atlantic Bight. (Major prey taxa ranked in relative order
of importance by: mean percent frequency of occurrence (FO), mean percent
contribution to total stomach content volume (TV), mean percent contribution
to total stomach content weight (TW), mean percent contribution to total
number of individual items in the stomach (TN), and an index of relative
importance (IRI), as available from each source.) |
|
Source |
Study Area |
Year(s)
(month(s), season(s),
and/or frequency) |
No. Examined
(size [TL cm]) or
age range, mean size) |
Primary Prey in Order of Importance
by FO, IRI, TDW, TN, TV, and/or TW |
| Richards (1963) |
Long Island Sound |
1956-57 (seasonally) |
Sand station - 21 (9-20) |
FO -- Polychaetes (Glycera sp.), amphipods
(Ampelisca sp. and Leptocheirus pinguis), Neomysis, Heteromysis formosa, and Crangon. |
| Steimle and Ogren (1982) |
New York Bight |
1966-67 (Jul-Aug) |
31 (mostly 33-36) |
TV -- Crangon, unidentified tunicate,
Atlantic rock crab, unidentified fish, and Nereis sp. |
| Steimle (1985) |
New York Bight |
1968-70 (summer) |
219 (mostly 17-25) |
FO -- Crangon, polychaetes (Pherusa
affinis and Nephtys incisa), Neomysis, and amphipods
(Unciola sp. and L. pinguis). |
| Vinogradov (1984) |
Southern New England |
1968-74 (spring/fall?) |
1,892 (unreported) |
TW -- Sipunculids, unidentified fish, crabs,
squid, "shrimp," gammaridean amphipods, and bivalve mollusks. |
| Bowman et al. (1987) |
Southern New England |
1973-76 (spring/ fall) |
"208" (<10)
Part of above (10-20) |
TW -- Crustaceans (Dichelopandalus leptocerus),
chaetognaths, amphipods, and decapod crustaceans.
TW -- Crustaceans, amphipods (Gammarus sp.),
decapod crustaceans (Crangon), and euphausids. |
| Steimle (unpubl. data) |
Raritan Bay
|
1976 (Mar-Jun) |
45 (Subadult) |
FO -- Crangon. |
| Sedberry (1983) |
New York Bight |
1976-77 (seasonally) |
716 (5-20)
425 (25-50) |
IRI -- Amphipods (Unciola irrorata)
and copepods.
IRI -- Amphipods (U. irrorata), Atlantic
rock crab, fish, and ocean scallops. |
| Luczkovich and Olla (1983) |
Coastal New Jersey |
1979-80 (1 yr, monthly) |
130 (2-9) |
FO -- Unidentified crustaceans, decapod crustaceans
(Crangon), amphipods (Unciola sp., L. pinguis, Monoculodes sp., and Ericthonius sp.), calanoid copepods,
and mysids. |
| Steimle and Terranova (1991) |
New York Bight apex |
1982-85 (seasonally) |
144 (not noted) |
FO -- Crangon, P. affinis,
juvenile Atlantic rock crab, sand lance (Ammodytes sp.), and D.
leptocerus. |
| Steimle (1994) |
New York Bight apex |
1986-89 (monthly) |
1,047 (10-34, mostly >17) |
FO -- P. affinis, Crangon, D. leptocerus, Atlantic rock crab, and N. incisa. |
| Rachlin and Warkentine (1988) |
Central New Jersey |
Unreported |
133 (6-32, mostly subadults) |
TN -- Neomysis, decapod crustaceans
(Crangon), nematodes, copepods, amphipods, isopods, and fish. |
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