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Bandelier National MonumentPhoto of Duchess' Castle, with north mesa in background
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Bandelier National Monument
Natural Features & Ecosystems
Upper Falls
Photo by Sally King
Frijoles Creek drops over two waterfalls on its way to the Rio Grande.

A PLACE OF DIVERSITY

Frijoles Creek begins on the snowy slopes of the 10,199-foot-high Cerro Grande Peak.  Carving its way down through the Pajarito Plateau for over fourteen miles before entering the winding Rio Grande, Frijoles Creek drops about 4,000 feet.  This dramatic change in elevation on the Pajarito Plateau creates climate differences that support a wide diversity of life.  This diversity made the area livable for the Ancestral Pueblo people, providing them with food, medicine, clothing, and supplies.

Pinon cone with nuts  

Did You Know?
Pinon nuts are rich in vitamins, flavor, and calories (3,000 per pound). Although produced in abundance only every 7 to 10 years, these nuts were a valuable native food source for the Ancestral Pueblo people.
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Last Updated: November 13, 2007 at 11:07 EST