BTS | Highway Profile

Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) - Research and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA) - United States Department of Transportation (USDOT, US DOT or DOT)

ABOUT RITA | CONTACT US | PRESS ROOM | CAREERS | SITE MAP

Data and Statistics

Bookstore

Programs

About BTS

Upcoming Press Releases

External Links

BTS Home > Publications > National Transportation Statistics > 2001

Highway Profile

Excel | CSV

Financial	1960	1970	1980	1990	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
Government receipts ($ millions)
Total federal	2,771	6,160	9,949	14,576	17,854	19,851	23,196	21,648	24,509	26,008	31,050
Highway trust fund^a	^j2,531	^j5,464	^j7,615	^j13,380	^j16,582	^k18,835	^k22,036	^k20,500	^k23,396	^k25,085	^k29,701
Other	240	696	2,334	1,196	1,272	1,016	1,160	1,148	1,113	923	1,349
State and local total
State and D.C.	6,055	11,737	19,666	40,026	47,699	50,064	52,808	58,087	58,806	63,274	66,441
Local	2,367	3,866	10,219	20,842	25,759	26,432	26,767	27,686	28,266	32,368	31,254
Total	11,193	21,763	39,834	75,444	91,312	96,347	102,771	107,421	111,581	121,650	128,745
Government expenditures ($ millions)
Total federal	197	425	874	664	1,306	1,402	1,598	1,315	^R1,375	1,428	2,277
Highway trust fund^a	27	83	315	358	965	1,092	1,384	1,103	^R1,170	1,249	1,881
Other^b	170	342	559	306	341	310	214	212	^R205	179	396
State and local total
State and D.C.	7,125	14,100	25,936	45,609	55,569	56,981	59,709	61,534	65,507	71,415	77,899
Local	3,435	6,304	14,953	29,135	33,317	35,095	36,775	39,104	41,093	43,168	47,283
Total	10,757	20,829	41,763	75,408	90,192	93,478	98,082	101,953	^R107,975	116,011	127,459
State highway user tax revenues^c ($ millions)
Motor fuel tax	^l3,374	^l6,433	^l9,485	^l19,658	^l25,860	^l26,881	^m27,555	^m28,477	^m29,803	^m30,753	^m31,291
Other motor fuel receipts^d	22	44	92	220	101	108	63	55	58	134	179
Motor vehicle registration fees	ⁿ1,514	ⁿ2,873	ⁿ5,173	ⁿ10,257	ⁿ12,388	ⁿ11,942	^o13,234	^o13,631	^o14,552	^o14,882	^o13,704
Other motor vehicle fees^e	235	577	1,490	3,353	4,505	4,416	4,689	4,704	5,068	5,350	5,696
Motor carrier taxes^f	110	176	323	695	875	770	726	729	861	740	784
Miscellaneous fees	68	181	615	1,761	2,708	3,307	3,489	3,785	4,165	4,410	4,800
Total	5,323	10,284	17,177	35,944	46,437	47,424	49,756	51,381	54,507	56,269	56,454

Inventory	1960	1970	1980	1990	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
Rural/urban mileage by ownership
Rural mileage
Under state control	^p658,896	^p707,002	^q750,479	^q702,486	^q690,372	^q690,924	^r691,156	^r692,767	^r660,834	^r660,682	^r661,798
Under federal control^g	111,912	187,696	246,130	178,188	173,650	170,568	168,938	167,369	118,369	116,846	116,698
Under local control	2,345,317	2,274,714	2,234,327	2,241,608	2,228,788	2,231,029	2,232,793	2,248,357	2,285,447	2,293,653	2,305,504
County roads	1,742,404	1,732,981	1,542,984	1,616,634	1,624,982	1,626,927	1,627,639	1,642,468	1,647,025	1,649,291	1,656,906
Town, township and municipal roads^h	538,651	510,174	458,231	437,460	423,908	424,529	426,170	426,433	426,340	590,206	592,623
Other local roads^h	64,262	31,559	233,112	187,514	179,898	179,573	178,984	179,456	212,082	54,156	55,975
Total rural mileage	3,116,125	3,169,412	3,230,936	3,122,282	3,092,810	3,092,520	3,092,887	3,108,493	3,064,650	3,071,181	3,084,000
Urban mileage
Under state control	50,158	74,103	97,287	95,778	109,947	111,766	111,924	112,226	110,017	109,956	110,195
Under federal control^g	N	N	1,495	1,024	1,484	1,509	1,470	1,464	1,485	1,503	1,484
Under local control	N	N	530,119	647,842	702,354	706,431	713,371	722,418	730,152	734,605	740,562
County roads	N	N	71,357	95,929	115,388	117,518	117,181	117,487	117,016	117,105	116,918
Town and township roads^h	N	N	37,583	42,752	74,630	60,561	60,926	74,402	75,195	605,255	611,473
Other local roads^h	379,410	486,567	421,179	509,161	512,336	528,352	535,264	530,529	537,941	12,245	12,171
Total urban mileage	429,568	560,670	628,901	744,644	813,785	819,706	826,765	836,108	841,654	846,064	852,241
Total rural and urban mileage	3,545,693	3,730,082	3,859,837	3,866,926	3,906,595	3,912,226	3,919,652	3,945,872	3,906,290	3,917,240	3,936,229
Rural/urban mileage by functional system
Rural mileage
Interstate	N	N	^s31,905	^R,s33,547	^s32,457	^s32,580	^t32,820	^t32,817	^t32,813	^t32,974	^t33,048
Other principal arterial	N	N	82,569	83,802	97,175	97,948	98,131	98,257	98,852	98,856	98,911
Minor arterial	N	N	149,057	144,774	138,120	137,151	137,359	137,497	137,308	137,463	137,574
Major collector	N	N	439,000	436,352	431,115	431,712	432,117	432,714	432,408	432,954	433,121
Minor collector	N	N	299,613	293,922	282,011	274,081	273,198	272,362	272,140	271,690	271,815
Local	N	N	2,228,792	2,129,885	2,111,932	2,119,048	2,119,262	2,135,485	2,091,127	2,097,244	2,109,519
Total rural mileage	^u3,116,125	^u3,169,412	3,230,936	3,122,282	3,092,810	3,092,520	3,092,887	3,109,132	3,064,648	3,071,181	3,083,988
Urban mileage
Interstate	N	N	9,215	11,527	13,126	13,164	13,217	13,247	13,312	13,343	13,379
Other freeways and expressways	N	N	6,774	7,668	8,994	8,970	9,027	9,063	9,127	9,125	9,140
Other principal arterial	N	N	44,155	51,968	53,110	52,796	52,983	53,223	53,132	53,206	53,312
Minor arterial	N	N	66,377	74,659	87,857	88,510	89,020	89,195	89,496	89,399	89,789
Collector	N	N	68,387	78,254	86,089	87,331	87,790	88,049	88,071	88,008	88,200
Local	N	N	433,993	520,568	564,609	568,935	574,728	583,973	588,504	592,978	598,421
Total urban mileage	429,568	560,670	628,901	744,644	813,785	819,706	826,765	836,740	841,642	846,059	852,541
Total rural and urban mileage	3,545,693	3,730,082	3,859,837	3,866,926	3,906,595	3,912,226	3,919,652	3,945,872	3,906,290	3,917,240	3,936,229
U.S. roads and streets by surface
Paved mileage
Rural	919,082	1,188,080	^u1,490,050	^u1,550,283	^u1,561,649	^u1,591,334	^v1,582,166	^v1,605,804	^v1,612,251	^v1,641,877	^v1,684,922
Urban	311,387	470,341	582,642	704,539	780,530	786,934	798,484	804,131	808,093	809,549	819,572
Total	1,230,469	1,658,421	2,072,692	2,254,822	2,342,179	2,378,268	2,380,650	2,409,935	2,420,344	2,451,426	2,504,494
Percent paved	34.7	44.5	53.7	58.3	60.0	60.8	60.5	60.9	61.3	62.4	63.4
Unpaved mileage
Rural	^u2,197,043	^u1,981,332	^u1,740,886	^u1,571,999	^u1,531,161	^u1,501,186	^v1,518,310	^v1,510,330	^v1,490,488	^v1,436,969	^v1,406,508
Urban	118,181	90,329	46,259	40,105	33,255	32,772	35,227	38,019	38,061	42,008	39,040
Total	2,315,224	2,071,661	1,787,145	1,612,104	1,564,416	1,533,958	1,553,537	1,548,349	1,528,549	1,478,977	1,445,548
Percent unpaved	65.3	55.5	46.3	41.7	40.0	39.2	39.5	39.1	38.7	37.6	36.6
Number of employees
State and local govt. streets and highways^w	532,000	607,000	559,000	569,000	544,000	^R543,000	U	^R531,000	^R530,000	543,000	546,000
Highway and street construction^x	U	U	U	238,700	226,100	227,900	236,100	242,800	256,500	280,000	280,000

Performance	1960	1970	1980	1990	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
Vehicle-miles of travel by functional system (millions)ⁱ
Rural mileage
Interstate	^y10,514	^y79,516	^y135,084	^y200,173	^y215,568	^z223,382	^z232,565	^z240,255	^z251,520	260,204	268,960
Other principal arterial	N	N	132,958	175,133	207,569	215,567	221,403	228,716	237,704	243,950	248,686
Minor arterial	N	N	129,816	155,733	149,760	153,028	157,444	163,342	165,780	169,378	171,883
Major collector	N	N	150,186	190,512	182,000	186,212	190,923	201,790	203,580	206,936	209,561
Minor collector	N	N	39,282	49,948	48,529	49,936	50,107	52,574	54,278	57,617	57,960
Local	N	N	84,704	97,379	104,915	105,164	107,752	114,673	120,595	125,545	127,911
Total rural	400,463	539,472	672,030	868,878	908,341	933,289	960,194	1,001,350	1,033,457	1,063,630	1,084,961
Urban
Interstate	13,365	81,532	161,242	278,901	330,577	341,515	351,579	361,401	374,622	382,986	393,580
Other freeways and expressways	N	N	79,690	127,465	147,534	151,509	157,502	159,622	166,626	171,563	177,142
Other principal arterial	N	N	229,469	335,543	364,200	370,365	377,776	385,125	388,073	392,721	398,652
Minor arterial	N	N	175,030	236,225	286,165	293,228	299,345	301,912	309,295	313,936	324,367
Collector	N	N	83,043	106,297	120,088	126,883	129,310	130,143	131,919	131,613	135,371
Local	N	N	126,791	191,053	200,683	205,907	208,374	222,142	228,530	234,886	235,730
Total urban	318,299	570,252	855,265	1,275,484	1,449,247	1,489,407	1,523,886	1,560,345	1,598,065	1,627,705	1,664,842
Total rural and urban	718,762	1,109,724	1,527,295	2,144,362	2,357,588	2,422,696	2,484,080	2,561,695	2,631,522	2,691,335	2,749,803
Highway demand for petroleum (thousand barrels)
Motor fuel	^AA1,378,095	^AA2,198,310	^AA2,737,143	^AA3,113,214	^BB3,353,320	^BB3,424,616	^BB3,492,285	^BB3,580,620	^R,BB3,699,500	^BB3,843,128	^BB3,863,338
Asphalt and road oil	^CC110,000	^CC163,000	^CC145,000	^DD176,340	^DD176,751	^DD177,543	^DD177,206	^DD184,383	^DD190,258	^DD199,580	^DD192,236
Total	1,488,095	2,361,310	2,882,143	3,289,554	3,530,071	3,602,159	3,669,491	3,765,003	^R3,889,758	4,042,708	4,055,574

Safety	1960	1970	1980	1990	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000
Fatalities	^EE36,399	^EE52,627	^EE51,091	^FF44,599	^FF40,716	^FF41,817	^FF42,065	^FF42,013	^FF41,501	^FF41,717	^FF41,821
Injured persons	N	N	N	3,231,000	3,266,000	3,465,000	3,483,000	3,348,000	3,192,000	3,236,000	3,189,000
Crashes	N	N	N	6,471,000	6,496,000	6,699,000	6,770,000	6,624,000	6,335,000	6,279,000	6,394,000

KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are not available.

^a The Federal Highway Trust Fund was created with the enactment of the Highway Revenue Act of 1956. The total receipts shown for 1995 are overstated by approximately $1.59 billion due to a fiscal year (FY) 1994 error by the Treasury Department in reconciling estimated deposits to the actual tax revenue. The correction was made after the close of FY1994 and is shown in FY1995 receipts.

^b Figures obtained by addition/subtraction and may not appear directly in data source.

^c Gross amounts collected by state governments from highway users. Does not include tolls. Not all revenues allocated to highway expenditures.

^d Includes distributors and dealers licenses, inspection fees, fines and penalties, and miscellaneous receipts.

^e Includes drivers licenses, title fees, special title taxes, fines and penalties; estimated service charges and local collections.

^f Includes carrier gross receipt taxes; mileage, ton-mile and passenger-mile taxes; special license fees and franchise taxes; and certificate or permit fees.

^g Mileage in federal parks, forests, and reservations that are not a part of the state and local highway system.

^h Prior to 1999, mileage for municipal roads was included with the "other local roads" jurisdiction. Mileage for municipal roads was included in "Town, Township and Municipal Road" jurisdiction after 1999.

ⁱ Highway category classifications changed several times before 1980. Actual 1960 data categories were: main Rural Roads, local Rural Roads and Urban Streets; 1970 data categories were: Rural Interstate, Rural Other Arterial, Other Rural, Urban Interstate and Other Urban.

NOTES: Motor vehicle injury and crash data in this profile come from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's General Estimates System (GES). The data from GES, which began operation in 1988, are obtained from a nationally representative probability sample selected from all police-reported crashes, and the GES sample includes only crashes where a police accident report was completed and the crash resulted in property damage, injury, or death. The resulting figures do not take into account crashes which were not reported to the police or which did not result in at least property damage.

Earlier editions of NTS, particularly the 1993 Historical Compendium, used crash and injury figures estimated by the National Safety Council, which employed a different set of methods to arrive at its figures. Thus, the injury and crash figures in this edition of NTS may not be comparable with those found in earlier editions.

In 1998, FHWA instituted a new method of creating mileage based tables derived from the Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS). See Chapter 1 accuracy profiles for more information about the HPMS.

SOURCES: Unless otherwise noted, please refer to chapter tables for sources.

^j U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table HF-210.

^k Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), tables HF-10A and HF-10.

^l Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table MF-201.

^m Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), table MF-1.

ⁿ Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table MV-202.

^o Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000) table MV-2.

^p Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1985, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table M-203.

^q Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table HM-210.

^r Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), table HM-10.

^s Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table HM-220.

^t Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), table HM-20.

^u Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table HM-212.

^v Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000), table HM-12.

^w U.S. Department of Commerce, Statistical Abstract of the United States, various years, State and Local Government Section.

^x Ibid., Internet site http://stats.bls.gov/sahome.html as of Aug. 2, 2001.

^y U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics, Summary to 1985 (Washington, DC: April 1987), table VM-201.

^z Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Various years), table VM-2, VM-2A.

^AA Ibid., Highway Statistics, Summary to 1995, FHWA-PL-97-009 (Washington, DC: July 1997), table VM-201A (total fuel consumed in thousands of gallons divided by 42).

^BB Ibid., Highway Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table VM-1(total fuel consumed in thousands of gallons divided by 42).

^CC U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, State Energy Data Report, 1960-1980 (Washington, DC), p. 13.

^DD Ibid., Petroleum Supply Annual (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 2.

^EE U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, NRD-30,personal communication.

^FF Ibid., Traffic Safety Facts 2000 (Washington, DC: 2001).